The Algorithm Development and Implementation for 3D Printers based on Adaptive PID Controller

Yıl 2018, , 559 - 564, 01.09.2018

Aytaç Altan Rıfat Hacıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.391790

Cited By: 1

Öz

The 3D printers widely used in the
world are produced in different mechanical and electronic designs. The 3D
printers which have various mechanical structures such as cartesian, delta and
core (xy, xz) already are used open source code software such as Sprinter,
Marlin, Cura 3D and Teacup. The control of the 3D printers is usually done by
the classical Propotional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control algorithm. In this
study, we have developed for the designed 3D printer a new software by using
adaptive PID control algorithm instead of classical PID. Five step motors of
the designed 3D printer are controlled by the adaptive PID. In addition, there
are both heating and cooling processes in the extruder system and these
processes are controlled by the adaptive PID. The mechanical design uses a belt
and pulley drive system which is suitable for accelerated movements. In the
system software, 3D Printing Software Pipeline (input model, orientation and
positioning, support structures, slicing, path planning, machine instructions)
is applied. The control algorithms for extruder and step motors are prepared as
separate function files in software implemented in C. It has been observed that
the designed software is particularly successful in eliminating errors on the
surface of the products.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adaptive PID, 3D printer, step motor, algorithm

Kaynakça

• [1] Prince J.D., “3D printing: an industrial revolution”, Journal of Electronic Resources in Medical Libraries, 11(1): 39-45, (2014).
• [2] Hunt G., Mitzalis F., Alhinai T., Hooper P.A. and Kovac M., “3D printing with flying robots”, IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), Hong Kong, China, 4493-4499, (2014).
• [3] Petrovic V., Gonzalez J.V.H., Ferrando O.J., Gordillo J.D., Puchades J.R.B. and Grinan L.P., “Additive layered manufacturing: sectors of industrial application shown though case studies”, International Journal Production Research, 49(4): 1061-1079, (2011).
• [4] Lipson H. and Kurman M., “Fabricated: the new world of 3D printing”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Canada, (2013).
• [5] Gibson I., David R. and Brent S., “Additive manufacturing technologies: 3D printing, rapid prototyping, and direct digital manufacturing”, Second Ed., Springer, New York, (2014).
• [6] Barnett E. and Gosselin C., “Large-scale 3D printing with a cable-suspended robot”, Additive Manufacturing, 7: 27-44, (2015).
• [7] Choi J.W., Kim H.C. and Wicker R., “Multi-material stereolithography”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 211(3): 318-328, (2011).
• [8] Wei Y., Chen Y., Yang Y. and Li Y., “Novel design and 3-D printing of nonassembly controllable pneumatic robots”, IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 21(2): 649-659, (2016).
• [9] Güler B. and Çetinkaya K., “Industrial sizes double nozzle and cartesian type 3D printer design and prototyping”, International Symposium on 3D Printing Technologies, İstanbul, Turkey, 128-137, (2016).
• [10] Akçay T., Semiz S. and Aykut, Ş., “Design and product testing of 3 dimensional printers”, International Symposium on 3D Printing Technologies, İstanbul, Turkey, 294-305, (2016).
• [11] Anzalone G.C., Wijnen B. and Pearce J.M., “Multi-material additive and subtractive prosumer digital fabrication with a free and open-source convertible delta RepRap 3-D printer”, Rapid Prototyping Journal, 21(5): 506-519, (2015).
• [12] Sun J., Zhou W., Huang D., Fuh J.Y.H. and Hong G.S., “An overview of 3D printing technologies for food fabrication”, Food and Bioprocess Technology, 8(8): 1605-1615, (2015).
• [13] Blandon S., Amaya J.C. and Rojas A.J., “Development of a 3D printer and a supervision system towards the improvement of physical properties and surface finish of the printed parts”, IEEE 2nd Colombian Conference on Automatic Control (CCAC), Manizales, Colombia, 1-7, (2015).
• [14] Horvath J., “Mastering 3D printing”, Apress, (2014).
• [15] Moyer I.E., “Core XY”, http://corexy.com/theory.html, (2012).
• [16] Weiss B.M.K., “Closed-loop control of a 3D printer gantry”, Master of Science Thesis, University of Washington, (2014).
• [17] Åström K.J. and Hägglund T., “The future of PID control”, Control Engineering Practice, 9(11): 1163-1175, (2001).
• [18] Dorf R.C., “Modern Control Systems”, Addison Wesley, (1992).
• [19] Baek S-M., and Kuc T-Y., “An adaptive PID learning control of DC motors”, IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Orlando, USA, 2877-2882, (1997).
• [20] Elsodany N.M., Rezeka S.F. and Maharem N.A., “Adaptive PID control of a stepper motor driving a flexible rotor”, Alexandria Engineering Journal, 50(2): 127-136, (2011).
• [21] Tan, P.N., Kumar, V. and Steinbach, M., “Introduction to Data Mining”, Pearson Addison Wesley, (2005).