Legal Regulation of Reactive Power Compensation in Energy Efficiency

Öz

Electrical energy is one of the most important issues in the world. Electricity generation is a problem for many countries. Although there are few resources in many countries, including Turkey, have high losses and leakages. This makes it mandatory not only to investigate new energy sources but also to use electrical energy more efficiently. Reactive power is a major source of loss. One of the most effective methods reducing the losses and increasing the efficiency of the electric energy systems is Reactive Power Compensation. In particular, an issue that increases the importance of controlling reactive power in the hybrid system. Countries are working to improve efficiency, by publishing a law or communiqué on reactive power compensation. In many countries, power is being tried to be kept between 85% and 95% using law enforcement. With the developing technology, this figure has approached 100%. Assuming an average increase from 95% to 97% all over the world, a huge energy source would have been achieved. In this study, efficiency of over 97% in power coefficient was investigated with the combined use of quality compensation systems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hybrid power systems,Reactive power control,Power quality,Power system economics

Kaynakça

1. Babu, P.C.; Dash, S.S.; Bayindir, R.; Subramani, C.; Mohanty, M.N. “A new control strategy with fuzzy logic technique in distribution system for power quality issues”, In: IEEE-International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition, Antalya, Turkey 21-24 Sept pp.1110-115 (2014).
2. Peng, F. Z.; Ott, G. W., & Adams, D. J. “Harmonic and reactive power compensation based on the generalized instantaneous reactive power theory for three-phase four-wire systems”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 13(6), pp. 1174-1181 (1998).
3. Takeda, M.; Ikeda, K.; Teramoto, A. & Aritsuka, T. “Harmonic current and reactive power compensation with an active filter”, In Power Electronics Specialists Conference, PESC'88 Record., 19th Annual IEEE, pp. 1174-1179 (1988).
4. Singh, B.; Al-Haddad, K. & Chandra, A. “A new control approach to three-phase active filter for harmonics and reactive power compensation”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 13(1), pp. 133-138 (1998).
5. Miller, TJE. Reactive power control in electric systems; A Viley-Interscience Publication, New York, NY., (1982).
6. Mandal, R.; Basu S. K.; Kar, A. & Chowdhury, S. P. A “Microcomputer-Based Power Factor Controller.” IEEE Transactıons On Industrıal Electronıcs, 41(3), pp. 361-371 (1994).
7. Kumar, P. “Development of Power Factor Controller using PIC Microcontroller.” Master Thesis, Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering, Thapar University, Patiala, (2008).
8. Barsoum, N. “Programmıng of Pıc Mıcro-Controller for Power Factor Correctıon”, Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation, IEEE Computer Society, Phuket, Thailand, pp. 19-25 (2007).

9. Libo, W.; Zhengming, Z. & Jianzheng, L. “A single-stage three-phase grid-connected photovoltaic system with modified MPPT method and reactive power compensation”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 22(4), pp. 881-886 (2007)
10. Jain, S. K.; Agrawal, P. & Gupta, H. O. “Fuzzy logic controlled shunt active power filter for power quality improvement”, IEE Proceedings-Electric Power Applications, 149(5), pp. 317-328 (2002).
11. Tiwari, A.K.; Sharma, D. and Sharma, V.K. “Automatic Power Factor Correction Using Capacitive Bank”, Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 4(2), pp. 393-395 (2014).
12. Rustemlı, S.; Ates, M. “Measurement and Simulation of Power Factor Using PIC16f877”, Przegląd Elektrotechnıczny (Electrical Review), 88 (6), pp. 290-294 (2012).
13. Afridi, M.N. “Design and Implementation of Automatic Microcontroller- Based Controlling of Single Phase Power Factor Using Capacitor Banks with Load Monitoring”, Global Journal of Researches in Engineering Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 12 (10), (2012).
14. Ali, M. “Design and Implementation of Microcontroller-Based Controlling of Power Factor Using Capacitor Banks with Load Monitoring”, Global Journal of Researches in Engineering Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 13 (2), (2013).
15. Kok, B.C.; Uttraphan, C. and Goh, H.H. “A Conceptual Design of Microcontroller-Based Power Factor Corrector Circuit”, Malaysian Technical Universities Conference on Engineering and Technology, MS Garden, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, pp.1-6 (2009).
16. Mienski, R.; Pawelek, R. and Wasiak, I. “Shunt compensation for power quality improvement using a STATCOM controller: modelling and simulation”. Generation, Transmission and Distribution, IEE Proceedings, 151 (2), pp. 274 – 280 (2004).
17. Wang, H.F. “Phillips-Heffron model of power systems installed with STATCOM and applications”, Generation, Transmission and Distribution, IEE Proceedings, 146(5), pp. 521 – 527 (1999).
18. Cheng, C.-A.; Chang, E.-C.; Tseng, C.-H.; Chung, T.-Y. A “Single-Stage LED Tube Lamp Driver with Power-Factor Corrections and Soft Switching for Energy-Saving Indoor Lighting Applications”, Appl. Sci. , 7, 115, (2017).
19. Cheng, C.-A.; Chang, C.-H.; Cheng, H.-L.; Tseng, C.-H.; Chung, T.-Y. “A Single-Stage High-Power-Factor Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Driver with Coupled Inductors for Streetlight Applications”, Appl. Sci. , 7, 167, (2017).
20. Dixon, J.; Moran, L.; Rodriguez, J.; Domke, R. “Reactive Power Compensation Technologies: State-of-the-Art Review”, Proceedings of the IEEE, 93(12), pp. 2144 – 2164 (2007).
21. Yilmaz, E.N.; Aydin, O. “Micro controller and computer based reactive power compensation”, Tehnički vjesnik, 24(2), pp. 363-370 (2017).