Investigation of Mode I and Mode I/II Fracture Behavior at Different Deformation Rates of Fiber Reinforced Composites

Öz

Today, industry stakeholders are producing building elements using more ergonomic, lighter and more strength materials. This has increased the demand for fiber reinforced composites. Composite materials, which used in different environments and loading conditions, must have several mechanical properties according to their use. One of the factors affecting these mechanical behaviors of the material is crack formation that occurs during production, assembly or usage. The deformation rate, crack length and crack geometry directly affect the fracture behavior of the laminated composites. In this study, the fracture behaviors of S-2 glass/epoxy laminated composites having cracks in different lengths and geometries were investigated at different deformation rates experimentally and numerically. Within the scope of the study, the Mode I (opening mode) and Mode I/II (mixed mode) fracture behaviors of the samples with 5mm, 10mm and 15mm crack length and 0º and 45º crack geometry were investigated at different deformation rates. Fracture tests were carried out in three different deformation rates, such as 8.3×10-3, 8.3×10-4 and 8.3×10-5 s-1 to express the relationship between crack onset and deformation rate. Also, the fracture behavior of S-2 glass/epoxy laminated composites was analyzed by using the Finite Element Method (FEM). It was found that the results obtained were compatible with each other. Experiments and FEM results show that the fracture behavior of S-2 glass/epoxy composite material is sensitive to environmental temperature and strain rate in both Mode I and Mode I/II crack tip opening conditions and varies according to the investigated test parameters. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fracture toughness
• strain energy release rate
• deformation rate
• crack geometry
• Finite Elements Method

Fiber Takviyeli Kompozitlerin Farklı Deformasyon Hızındaki Mod I ve Mod I/II Kırılma Davranışların İncelenmesi

Öz

Günümüzde endüstri paydaşları, yapı elemanlarını daha ergonomik, daha hafif ve daha sağlam malzemeler kullanarak üretme yoluna gitmektedirler. Bu durum fiber takviyeli kompozitlerin talebini arttırmıştır. Farklı çalışma koşulları altında kullanılan kompozit malzemelerin, kullanım yerlerine göre sahip olması gereken bir takım mekanik özellikler mevcuttur. Malzemenin bu mekanik davranışlarına etki eden faktörlerden biri de üretim, montaj veya kullanım sırasında meydana gelen çatlak oluşumlarıdır. Tabakalı kompozitlerin kırılma davranışlarına, deformasyon hızı, çatlak uzunluğu ve çatlak geometrisi doğrudan etki eder. Bu çalışmada, farklı uzunluk ve farklı geometride çatlağa sahip S-2 cam/epoksi tabakalı kompozitlerin farklı deformasyon hızlarındaki kırılma davranışları deneysel ve nümerik olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında 5mm, 10mm ve 15mm çatlak uzunluğuna ve 0º ve 45º çatlak geometrisine sahip test numunelerinin farklı deformasyon hızındaki Mod I (açılma modu) ve Mod I/II (karma mod) kırılma davranışları araştırılmıştır. Çatlak başlangıcı ile deformasyon hızı arasındaki ilişkiyi ifade etmek için kırılma testleri 8,3×10-3, 8,3×10-4 ve 8,3×10-5 s-1 olmak üzere üç farklı deformasyon hızında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca S-2 cam / epoksi tabakalı kompozitlerin kırılma davranışları, Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemi (SEY) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçların birbirleriyle uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Deneysel ve SEY sonuçları hem Mod I hem de Mod I/II çatlak ucu açma koşullarındaki S-2 cam/epoksi lamine kompozit malzemenin kırılma davranışlarının, çatlak geometrisine ve deformasyon hızına duyarlı olduğunu, ayrıca incelenen test parametrelerine göre değiştiği görülmüştür.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kırılma tokluğu
• Gerilim enerjisi boşalma oranı
• Deformasyon hızı
• Çatlak geometrisi
• Sonlu elemanlar yöntemi

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