Impacts of Impregnation with Fire Retardant Chemicals on the MOE in Bending of Some Woods

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 607 - 612, 15.09.2017

Hakan Keskin , Erhan Mutlu

Öz

This
study has been performed to determine the effects of impregnation with fire
retardant chemical materials on the modulus of elasticity (MOE) in bending of
Oriental beech, European oak and Scotch pine wood materials. To achieve this
goal, test samples prepared from woods of Oriental beech, European oak and Scotch pine according to TS EN 345
regulations were impregnated with ammonium-sulfate [(NH₄)₂S0₄],
sodium acetate (NaC₂H3O₂3H₂O), aluminum
chloride (Al₂C₆I₂H₂O), borax [Na₂B₄O₇5H₂O],
boric acid [H_3.BO₃] and, borax + boric acid (w:w=%50:50). The modulus of elasticity in
bending of impregnated wood samples were
determined according to TS EN 408. Consequently,
according to wood species; modulus of elasticity in bending was found the highest value at beech (10350
N/mm²) and the lowest value at pine wood (9501 N/mm²).
According to variety of impregnation; modulus of elasticity in bending values were found no
statistical difference ​​ between control samples and impregnated test samples.
Considering the interaction of wood type and process; modulus of elasticity in
bending was found the highest value at beech +
borax (11450 N/mm²) and the lowest value at pine + control samples
(8223 N/mm²). As a result, in the
massive construction and furniture elements that the modulus of
elasticity in bending after the impregnation
with borax is of great concern, Oriental beech wood materials could be
recommended.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fire retardant chemicals, modulus of elasticity in bending, impregnation, wood

Kaynakça

• 1. Winandy J.E. and Richards M.J., “Evaluation of boron-nitrogen phosphate free fire retardant Part I. evaluation of douglas-fir plywood according to ASTM D5516-96”, ASTM Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 31(2): 133-139, USA, (2003).
• 2. Eaton R.A. and Hale M.D.C., “Wood decay, pests and protection”, Chapman & Hall, London, England, (1993).
• 3. Evans P.D., Michell A.J. and Schmalzl K., “Studies of the degradation and protection of wood surfaces”, Wood Science Technology, 26: 151-163, (1992).
• 4. Kollman F., “Die eigenschaftanderung von gruben holz nach schutzsalzimprag-nierung, forschungsber”, Des LandesNordhrhein, Westfalen, Germany, (1959).
• 5. StabnikovV.M., “PutiUviliczenia Sroka Sluschby Dreviesinyw Konstrukcjach ”Leningrad, (1957).
• 6. Gillwald W., “Der einfluss verschiedener impragnier mittel auf die physikallischen und festigkeitseigen schaften desholzes”, Holtechnologie, 2: 4-16, (1961).
• 7. Vologdin A.J., “Vlijanije rozlicznych antiseptic of na fizyko mechanitchiestkije svosjstva dreviesiny sosny svotsva dreviesin, jejo zaschita”, Novyje Dreviesinyje Materialy, (1966).
• 8. Isaacs C.P., “The Effect of two accelerated treating methods on wood strength”, AWPA, 68: 175-182, (1972).
• 9. Wazny J., “Investigations of the influence of wood preservatives on strength”, Sreda, 3: 181-185, (1973).
• 10. Lutomsky K., “Effect of treatment conditions using the hot-cold method of impregnation pine wood with water solution of static bending of treated wood”, Zest. Probl. Nauk., Rolniczych, 178, (1976).
• 11. Bendtsen B.A., “Mechanical properties of longleaf pine treated water-born salt preservatives”, USDA Forest Service, 434, (1984).
• 12. Winandy J.E., Le Van S.L., Schaffer E.L., Lee P.W., “Effect of fire-retardant treatment and re-drying on the mechanical properties of douglas-fir and aspen plywood”, Res. Pap. FPL-485. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, (1988).
• 13. Karayazıcı F., Nal N., Celayir F., “Bor ve bor bileşikleri”, Türkiye Sınai Kalkınma Bankası A.Ş., Kimya Sektörü Araştırması, İstanbul, (1990).
• 14. Mutlu E., “Yanmayı geciktirici kimyasal maddelerle emprenye edilen bazı ağaç malzemelerin teknolojik özellikleri”, G.Ü. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara, (2013).
• 15. TS 2472, “Odunda fiziksel ve mekanik deneyler için hacim yogunluk değerinin tayini”, TSE, Ankara, (1976).
• 16. TS 2471, “Odunda fiziksel ve mekanik deneyler için rutubet miktarı tayini”, TSE, Ankara, (1976).
• 17. TS EN 408, “Timber structures, test methods - solid timber and glued laminated timber - determination of some physical and mechanical properties”, TSE, Ankara, (1997).
• 18. ASTM D 1413, “Standard test method of testing wood preservatives by laboratory soil blocks cultures”, ASTM Standards, USA, (1976).
• 19. TS 344, “Ahsap koruma genel kuralları”, TSE, Ankara, (1981).
• 20. TS 345, “Ahşap emprenye maddeleri etkilerinin muayene metotları”, TSE, Ankara, (1974).
• 21. Ors Y., Keskin H., “Ağaç malzeme teknolojisi”, Gazi Üniversitesi Yayın No: 2001-352, Gazi Kitabevi, Ankara (2008).
• 22. Atar M., “Effects of ımpregnation with imersol-aqua on the bending strength of some wood materials”, Materials & Design, 29(9): 1707-1712 (2008).
• 23. Ors Y., Atar M., Keskin H., Yavuzcan H.G., “Impacts of impregnation with imersol-aqua on the modulus of elasticity in bending”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 99(6): 3210, (2006).
• 24. Ozçifçi A., Batan F., “Bor yağının ağaç malzemenin bazı mekanik özelliklerine etkisi”, Journal of Polytechnic, 12(4): 287-292, (2009).
• 25. Çolakoglu G., Çolak S., Aydin I., Yıldız U.C., Yıldız S., “Effect of boricacidtreatment on mechanical properties of laminated beech veneer lumber”, Silva Fennica; 37(4): 505-510, (2003).
• 26. Gerhards C.C., “Effect of fire-retardant treatment on bending strength of wood”, Forest Products Laboratory, 8, USA, (1970).