Dizel Motorlarda Performans ve Egzoz Emisyonlarının n-hexadecane Katkı Maddesi ile İyileştirilmesi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 3, 701 - 706, 01.09.2018

Mehmet Çelik

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.382994

Öz

Yakıtların fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri; motor
performansı ve emisyonları önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Yakıt kalitesini
arttırmak, daha iyi yanma ve emisyonları azaltmak için yakıt içerisine çeşitli
katkı maddeleri ilave edilmektedir. Bu katkı maddeleri hidrokarbonların daha
iyi yanması için katalitik bir etki oluşturur. Bu çalışmada, dizel yakıtına
ilave edilen n-hexadecane katkı maddesi değişen yakıt özelliklerinin motor
performansı ve egzoz emisyonları üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Deneyler sonucunda
n-hexadecane ilave edilen yakıtların
viskozitesi azalırken setan sayısı artmaktadır. Yakıt özelliklerinde ki bu
iyileşme, yakıtın silindir içerisine püskürtüldüğünde daha iyi atomize olmasına
ve yanma kalitesinin artmasına neden olmaktadır. Deneyler sonucun da en iyi
iyileşme %16 n-hexadecane (DHD16) oranında elde edilmiştir. 2800 1/min’de dizel
yakıtına göre (D0) güç %1.06 artarken, özgül yakıt tüketimi %2.38 azalmaktadır.
Karbon monoksit (CO) emisyonu %10.24, hidrokarbon (HC) emisyonu %19.31, is
emisyonu %19.96 azalmaktadır. Yanma kalitesinin iyileşmesi ısı yayılımının
yükselmesine sebep olurken azot oksit (NO_x) emisyonu %6.66
arttırmıştır.  Setan sayısındaki artışa
bağlı olarak maksimum silindir basıncı artmış tutuşma gecikmesi azalmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

n-hexadecane, yakıt katkıları, egzoz emisyonları, dizel motorlar, motor performansı

Improvement of Performance and Exhaust Emissions in Diesel Engines by Addition of n-hexadecane Material

Öz

Physical and
chemical properties of fuels significantly affect engine performance and
emissions. Various additives are added to the fuel to improve fuel quality,
better combustion and reduce emissions. These additives create a catalytic
effect for better combustion of hydrocarbons. In this study, the effect of
varying fuel properties on engine performance and exhaust emissions of
n-hexadecane additive added to diesel fuel was investigated. As a result of the
experiments, while the viscosity of n-hexadecane added fuels decreased, the
cetane number increased. This improvement in fuel properties leads to better
atomization and increased combustion quality when fuel is injected into the
fuel cylinder. As a result, the best improvement was obtained at 16%
n-hexadecane (DHD16) ratio. At 2800 1/min, the power increases by 1.06%
compared to diesel fuel (D0) while the brake specific fuel consumption
decreases by 2.38%. Carbon monoxide (CO) emission decreases by 10.24%,
hydrocarbon (HC) emission decreases by 19.31% and smoke emission decreases by
19.96%. Improvement of combustion quality caused increase of heat emission
while nitrogen oxide (NOx) increased the emission by 6.66%. Due to the increase
in cetane number, the maximum cylinder pressure increased and the ignition
delay decreased.

Anahtar Kelimeler

n-hexadecane, fuel additives, exhaust emissions, diesel engines, engine performance

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