Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) System and Adapting On the Vehicles

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 4, 941 - 950, 01.12.2018

Nilgün Anar Pınar Bayram

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.403973

Öz

More challenging controls are being carried out every
day and limitations are brought to reduce the negative effects of the exhaust
gases generated by the number of vehicles that is increasing in parallel with
world population on the environment and human health. Because of this reason,
automotive companies need to develop new technologies to reduce harmful gas
emissions. In this research, negative effects of harmful exhaust gases on human
health and environment, new technologies and studies that automotive
manufacturers are performing to reduce these emissions have been discussed.
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) method which is the most advanced
technology applied to limit the amount of harmful nitrogen oxides in diesel
vehicles has been analyzed, required conditions for minimizing the amount of
nitrogen oxide and the chemical reactions are explained. Also the advantages
and disadvantages of the method compared to other technologies have been
examined and criticalities in adaptation on the vehicles have been discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Selective Catalytic Reduction method, SCR system, diesel, emission, nitrogen oxide, urea, ammonia

Seçici Katalitik İndirgeme (SCR) Sistemi Ve Araçlara Adaptasyonu

Öz

Günümüzde artan dünya nüfusu ve
bununla paralel olarak artış gösteren taşıt sayısının oluşturduğu egzoz
gazlarının çevreye ve insan sağlığına olumsuz etkilerini en aza indirebilmek
için her geçen gün daha sıkı denetimler yapılmakta ve sınırlandırmalar
getirilmektedir. Bu kapsamda otomobil üreticilerinin yeni teknolojiler
geliştirerek zararlı gaz salınımlarını azaltmaları gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada
zararlı egzoz gazı salınımlarının insan sağlığı ve çevre üzerindeki negatif
etkilerinden bahsedilmiş, otomotiv üreticilerinin bu salınımların azaltılması
için yapmakta olduğu çalışmalar ve uygulanan teknolojiler incelenmiştir. Dizel
araçlarda açığa çıkan zararlı azot oksit miktarını sınırlandırmak için
uygulanan en yeni ve gelişmiş teknoloji olan SCR (Selective Catalytic
Reduction) olarak adlandırılan seçici katalitik indirgeme metodu analiz
edilmiş, azot oksit miktarının minimize edilmesi için gerçekli olan şartlar ve
sonucunda oluşan kimyasal reaksiyon ile ilgili bilgi verilmiştir. Ayrıca
yöntemin diğer teknolojilere göre avantaj ve dezavantajları incelenirken,
araçlara uygulanmasındaki kritiklikler ele alınmıştır.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Seçici katalitik indirgeme metodu, SCR sistemi, dizel, emisyon, azot oksit, üre, amonyum

Kaynakça

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