Çimento Hamur ve Harç Özelliklerine Öğütülmüş Yüksek Fırın Cürufu ile Sönmüş Kirecin Birlikte Etkisinin Araştırılması

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 4, 1257 - 1268, 25.09.2024

Hüseyin Yılmaz Aruntaş , Melih Şahinöz , Mustafa Dayı

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1268344

Öz

Bu deneysel çalışmada, çimento bazlı hamur ve harç karışımlarına yüksek oranda sönmüş hava kireci (SK) ve öğütülmüş yüksek fırın cürufunun (YFC) birlikte kullanımı ile üretilen numunelerin bazı fiziksel ve mekanik özellikleri araştırılmıştır. SK ve YFC ağırlıkça %10SK+%10YFC, %20SK+%20YFC ve %30SK+%30YFC oranlarında Portland çimentosu ile yer değiştirilerek hamur ve harç karışımları hazırlanmıştır. Üretilen harç karışımlarında işlenebilirlik sabit alınmıştır. Üretilen harç karışımlarından elde edilen fiziksel ve mekanik deney sonuçları kendi aralarında ve kontrol numuneleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Hamur numunelerde kıvam suyu, priz süreleri ve hacim genleşmesi deneyleri, harç numunelerde ise birim hacim ağırlık, basınç dayanımı ve eğilmede çekme dayanımı deneyleri yapılmıştır. Deney sonuçları, SK ve YFC’nin çimentoya ikame edilmesinin hamur kıvam suyu miktarını artırdığı, priz başı sürelerini azalttığı ancak priz sonu sürelerini artırdığı, birim hacim ağırlığı ve hacim genleşmesini ise azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca %30’a kadar SK ve YFC’nin birlikte ikame edilmesi, numunelerin 7, 28 ve 90 yaş gün eğilme ve basınç dayanımlarını azaltmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yüksek fırın cürufu, kireç, çimento hamuru, çimento harcı, harç özellikleri

Teşekkür

Çalışmada kullanılan çimento ve cürufun kimyasal analizini yapan sırasıyla Ankara Limak Çimento fabrikası ve Oyak Bolu Çimento fabrikası ile Cihan KÖSE’ye, kirecin kimyasal analizini yapan Paksan Kireç firması ile Neval YILDIRIM’a teşekkür ederiz.

The Investigation of Combined Effect of GBFS and Slaked Lime on Cement Paste and Mortar Properties

Öz

In this experimental study, some physical and mechanical properties of the specimens produced by using a high ratio of slaked lime (SL) and ground blast-furnace slag (GBFS) in cement-based paste and mortar mixtures were investigated. Mixtures of pastes and mortars were prepared by replacing SK and GBFS with Portland cement at 10% SL+10% GBFS, 20% SL+20% GBFS, and 30% SL+30% GBFS ratios by weight. The workability of the produced mortar mixtures was kept fixed. The physical and mechanical experimental results obtained from the produced mortar mixtures were compared among themselves and with the control specimens. Consistency water, setting times, and volume expansion experiments were performed on paste specimens, and unit volume weight, compressive strength, and flexural strength experiments were performed on mortar specimens. Obtained experiment results showed that substituting SL and GBFS together with cement increased the amount of paste consistency water, decreased initial setting times, but increased final setting times, and decreased the unit volume weight and volume expansion. In addition, up to 30% replacement of SL and GBFS together reduced the 7, 28, and 90 days flexural and compressive strengths of the specimens.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Blast furnace slag, slaked lime, cement paste, cement mortar, mortar properties

Kaynakça

• [1] Akman S., “Harçlar”, Yapı malzemeleri, İTÜ Yayınevi, 122-123, (1987).
• [2] Gleize, P.J.P., Müller, A., Roman, H.R., “Microstructural investigation of a silica füme-cement-lime mortar”, Cement and Concrete Composites, 25(2), 171-175, (2003).
• [3] Umoh, A.A., Odesola, I.A., “Characteristics of bamboo leaf ash blended cement paste and mortar”, Civil Engineering Dimension, 17(1), 22-28, (2015).
• [4] Akman, M.S., “Yapı Malzemelerinin Tarihsel Gelişimi”, TMH-Türkiye Mühendislik Haberleri, 426, 30-36, (2003).
• [5] Van Balen K., “Understanding the lime cycle and its influence on historical construction practice”, In Proceedings of the First International Congress on Construction History, Vol. 20, p. 24th, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid: Instituto Juan de Herrera, (2003).
• [6] Seabra, M.P., Paiva, H., Labrincha, J.A., Ferreira, V.M., “Admixtures effect on fresh state properties of aerial lime based mortars”, Construction and Building Materials, 23(2), 1147-1153, (2009).
• [7] Damtoft, J.S., Lukasik, J., Herfort, D., Sorrentino, D., Gartner, E.M., “Sustainable development and climate change initiatives”, Cement and Concrete Research, 38(2), 115-127, (2008).
• [8] Rahman, M.A., Sarker, P.K., Shaikh, F.U.A., Saha, A.K., “Soundness and compressive strength of Portland cement blended with ground granulated ferronickel slag”, Construction and Building Materials, 140, 194-202, (2017).
• [9] T.C. Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığı, Çimento sektör raporu, 4-8, (2021).
• [10] Amin N., “Use of clay as a cement replacement in mortar and its chemical activation to reduce the cost and emission of greenhouse gases”, Construction and Building Materials, 34, 381-384, (2012).
• [11] Aruntaş H.Y., Tokyay M., “Katkılı çimento üretiminde diatomitin puzolanik malzeme olarak kullanılabilirliği”, Çimento ve Beton Dünyası, 1(4), 33-41, 1996.
• [12] Maria, S., “Use of natural pozzolans with lime for producing repair mortars”, Environmental Earth Sciences, 75(9), 758, (2016).
• [13] Hu, G., Rohani, S., Jiang, X., Li, J., Liu, Q., Liu, W., “CO2 Mineral Sequestration and Faujasite Zeolite Synthesis by Using Blast Furnace Slag: Process Optimization and CO2 Net-Emission Reduction Evaluation”, ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 9(41), 13963-13971, (2021).
• [14] Gökalp, İ., Uz, V.E., Saltan, M., Tutumluer, E., “Technical and environmental evaluation of metallurgical slags as aggregate for sustainable pavement layer applications”, Transportation Geotechnics, 14, 61-69, (2018).
• [15] Siddique, R., Bennacer, R., “Use of iron and steel industry by-product (GGBS) in cement paste and mortar”, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 69, 29-34, (2012).
• [16] Prošek, Z., Nežerka, V., Hlůžek, R., Trejbal, J., Tesárek, P., Karra’a, G., “Role of lime, fly ash, and slag in cement pastes containing recycled concrete fines”, Construction and Building Materials, 201, 702-714, (2019).
• [17] Dave, N., Misra, A.K., Srivastava, A., Kaushik, S.K., “Experimental analysis of strength and durability properties of quaternary cement binder and mortar”, Construction and Building Materials, 107, 117-124, (2016).
• [18] Carrajola, R., Hawreen, A., Flores-Colen, I., de Brito, J. “Fresh properties of cement-based thermal renders with fly ash, air lime and lightweight aggregates”, Journal of Building Engineering, 101868, (2020).
• [19] Doven, A.G., Pekrioglu, A., “Material properties of high volume fly ash cement paste structural fill”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 17(6), 686-693, (2005).
• [20] Sepulcre-Aguilar, A., Hernández-Olivares, F., “Assessment of phase formation in lime-based mortars with added metakaolin, Portland cement and sepiolite, for grouting of historic masonry”, Cement and Concrete Research, 40(1), 66-76, (2010).
• [21] Manita, P., Triantafillou, T.C., “Influence of the design materials on the mechanical and physical properties of repair mortars of historic buildings”, Materials and Structures, 44(9), 1671-1685, (2011).
• [22] Cerulli, T., Pistolesi, C., Maltese, C., Salvioni, D., “Durability of traditional plasters with respect to blast furnace slag-based plaster”, Cement and Concrete Research, 33(9), 1375-1383, (2003).
• [23] Shi, C., “Studies on several factors affecting hydration and properties of lime-pozzolan cements”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 13(6), 441-445, (2001).
• [24] Nayaka, R.R., Alengaram, U.J., Jumaat, M.Z., Yusoff, S.B., Alnahhal, M.F., “High volume cement replacement by environmental friendly industrial by-product palm oil clinker powder in cement-lime masonry mortar”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 190, 272-284, (2018).
• [25] Tampus, R.M., Lardizabal, J.R., Acena, D.L.M., Uy, M.A.M., Arcenal, K.V.R., “Proportion and property specifications and strength behavior of mortar using wood ash as partial replacement of lime”, International Journal, 18(70), 49-55, (2020).
• [26] Veiga M.R., Velosa A., Magalhães A., “Experimental applications of mortars with pozzolanic additions: characterization and performance evaluation”, Construction and Building Materials, 23(1), 318-327, (2009).
• [27] Aruntaş, H.Y., Şahinöz, M., Dayı, M., “Çimento Hamur ve Harçlarında Kireç Kullanımının İncelenmesi”, Politeknik Dergisi, 24, 1045-1054, (2021).
• [28] TS EN 459-1, “Yapı kireci-Bölüm 1: Tarifler, özellikler ve uygunluk kriterleri”, (2015).
• [29] TS EN 196-1, “Çimento deney metotları-Bölüm 1: Dayanım tayini”, (2016).
• [30] TS EN 196-3, “Çimento deney yöntemleri-Bölüm 3: Priz süreleri ve genleşme tayini”, (2017).
• [31] ASTM C109/C109M-16a, “Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars”, (2016).
• [32] Altun, M.G., Süleyman, Ö. Mardani-Aghabaglou, A. “Polipropilen lif kullanımının doğal hidrolik kireçli harçların kuruma büzülmesine etkisi”, Sakarya University Journal of Science, 22(2), 427-435, (2018).
• [33] Thakur, I.C., Kumar, S., Singh, J.P. “Assessment of the properties of cement & mortar using GGBS”, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 5(8), 15224-15231, (2016).
• [34] TS EN 197-1, “Çimento-Bölüm 1: Genel çimentolar - Bileşim, özellikler ve uygunluk kriterleri”, (2012).
• [35] Erdoğan, T.Y., “Beton”, ODTÜ Yayıncılık, Ankara, 5. Baskı, 172-212, (2015).
• [36] Su-Cadirci, T.B., Ince, C., Calabria-Holley, J., Ball, R.J. “Use of brick dust to optimise the dewatering process of hydrated lime mortars for conservation applications”, Materials and Structures, 56(3), 56, (2023).
• [37] Dorum, A., Tekin, İ. “Uçucu kül ikameli çimento harcının basınç dayanımı ve priz zamanına distile su etkisinin araştırılması”, Politeknik Dergisi, 7(3), 243-250, (2004).
• [38] Ince, C., Derogar, S., Tiryakioğlu, N.Y., Toklu, Y.C. “The influence of zeolite and powdered Bayburt stones on the water transport kinetics and mechanical properties of hydrated lime mortars”, Construction and Building Materials, 98, 345-352, (2015).
• [39] Pavía, S., Walker, R., Veale, P., Wood, A. “Impact of the properties and reactivity of rice husk ash on lime mortar properties”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 26(9), 04014066, (2014).
• [40] Kang, C.W., Ban, C.C., Wei, O.C., Ken, P.W., Heng, L.K. “The properties of slag-silica fume ternary blended mortar with quarry dust”, Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences, 14(1), 6443-6451, (2020).
• [41] Babu, K.G., Kumar, V.S.R., “Efficiency of GGBS in concrete”, Cement and Concrete Research, 30(7), 1031-1036, (2000).
• [42] Demirboğa, R., Türkmen, İ., Karakoc, M.B. “Relationship between ultrasonic velocity and compressive strength for high-volume mineral-admixtured concrete”, Cement and Concrete Research, 34(12), 2329-2336, (2004).
• [43] Joseph, S., Cizer, Ö. “Hydration of hybrid cements at low temperatures: A study on portland cement- blast furnace slag-Na2SO4”, Materials, 15(5), 1914, 1-20, (2022).
• [44] Aruntaş, H.Y., Yildiz, E., Kaplan, G. “The engineering performance of eco-friendly concretes containing diatomite fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag”, Acta Polytechnica, 62(5), 505–521, (2022).
• [45] TS EN 998-1, “Kâgir harcı-Özellikler-Bölüm 1: Kaba ve ince sıva harcı”, (2017).