Tekstil Terbiye İşlemi Atıksularında Mikroliflerin Ayrıştırılması ve Tanımlanması

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 6, 2289 - 2295

Sinem Hazal Akyıldız , İpek Yalcin Enis , Hande Sezgin , Rossana Bellopede , Silvia Fiore , Bahattin Yalcin

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1310805

Öz

Mikroplastik kirliliği, mikrolif olarak salınan mikroplastiklerin %35'inden sorumlu olan tekstil endüstrisinin neden olduğu önemli bir küresel sorundur. Mikroplastikler, küçük boyutları nedeniyle çeşitli organizmalarla etkileşime girerek kromozomal mutasyonlara yol açar. Bu araştırmanın amacı, tekstil ürünlerine yumuşak bir tuşe vermek için kullanılan tekstil terbiye makinelerinden çıkan mikrolifleri belirlemek ve ayırmaktır. Çalışma kapsamında, atıksu numuneleri fabrika çıkış suyuna verilmeden önce cihaz çıkışından hemen sonra Şubat ve Mart 2022 tarihlerinde ayrı ayrı alınmış olup, %15 H2O2 ile 25 °C'de 5 gün ön işleme tabi tutulmuştur. Ardından mikrolifler filtre yardımı ile atıksudan ayrıştırılmıştır. Filtreler üzerinde biriken mikrolifler ışık mikroskobu ile incelenmiş ve mikro-FTIR analizi ile kimyasal kompozisyonları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, mikroliflerin morfolojisi enerji dağılımlı X-ışını taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile incelenmiştir. Bulgular, farklı tarihlerde gözlemlenen farklı konsantrasyonlarda mikrolif içeren (0,058 g/L ve 0,251 g/L) atık su numunelerinde akrilik ve pamuk mikroliflerinin varlığını ortaya çıkarmış ve şu anda karşı karşıya olduğumuz mikroplastik sorunun ciddiyetini vurgulamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mikroplastik kirliliği, Mikrolifler, Tekstil atıksuları, Filtrasyon, Mikro-FTIR

Separation and Identification of Microfibers in the Wastewater of Textile Finishing Process

Öz

Microplastic pollution is an important global problem caused by the textile industry, which accounts for 35% of microplastics emitted as microfibers (MFs). Microplastics interact with a variety of organisms due to their small dimensions, leading to chromosomal mutations. The goal of this research is to identify and separate microfibers discharged by textile finishing machinery, which is used to give textiles a soft touch. Within the scope of the study, wastewater samples were taken separately in February and March 2022, right after the device exit, before being discharged to the factory effluent and pre-treated for 5 days at 25 °C with 15% H2O2. Then, the microfibers were separated from the wastewater with the help of a filter. The accumulated microfibers on the filters were examined using a light microscope, and their chemical composition was determined using micro-FTIR analysis. Furthermore, energy dispersive X-ray scanning electron microscopy (EDX/SEM) was used for analyzing the structure of microfibers. The findings revealed the presence of acrylic and cotton microfibers in the wastewater samples, with varying concentrations observed on different dates (0.058 g/L and 0.251 g/L), emphasizing the severity of the microplastic issue we currently face.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Microplastic pollution, Microfibers, Textile wastewater, Filtration, Micro-FTIR

Destekleyen Kurum

The authors gratefully acknowledge ERASMUS+ support for the mobility of Akyildiz, S.H. to Politecnico di Torino, Italy for 6 months (February–July 2022).

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