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BİR ALIŞVERİŞ MEKANI OLARAK SOSYETE PAZARLARI: TÜKETİCİ MOTİVASYONLARINA İLİŞKİN NİTEL BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2, 297 - 340, 31.05.2023

Öz

Sosyete pazarları, Türkiye’de özellikle büyük şehirlerde alışveriş kültürünün önemli bir parçası haline gelmiş olan yeni nesil periyodik pazarlardır. Bununla birlikte, sosyete pazarları konusuna literatürde çok sınırlı çalışmada değinilmiş olması, bu çalışmanın çıkış noktasını oluşturmuştur ve araştırmada sosyete pazarları olgusu, tüketicilerin bu pazarları tercih etme nedenleri ve bu nedenlerin altında yatan psikolojik motivasyonlar bağlamında ele alınmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçları, tüketicilerin sosyete pazarlarını tercih etmelerinin, “uygun fiyat, çeşitlilik, kaliteli ürünler, samimi ortam, her şeyin bir arada olması, ihraç fazlası markalı ürünlerin satılması, lüks markalı ürünlerin sahtelerinin satılması, fiziksel mekân, yöresel ve ev yapımı doğal gıda ürünlerinin satılması, pazarlık imkânı, alışkanlıklar, ulaşım/servis imkânı ve satın alınan ürünleri değiştirme imkânı” gibi faktörlerle ilişkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Tüketicilerin sosyete pazarlarından alışveriş yapma motivasyonları, Henry Murray’in psikojenik ihtiyaçlar listesi çerçevesinde değerlendirildiğinde ise, “edinme, yakın ilişki, sosyal ilişki, gösterme, üstünlük ve tanınma/onaylanma” ihtiyaçlarının ön plana çıktığı görülmüştür.

Kaynakça

  • Ajzen, I. ve Fishbein, M. (1977). Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research. Psychological Bulletin, 84: 888–918.
  • Aliağaoğlu, A. (2012). Balıkesir Şehrinde Haftalık Pazarlar: Çekicilikler ve Sorunlar. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 17 (27): 43-72.
  • Aliefendioğlu, H. (2002). Kamusal Alan Olarak Pazar Yerleri. Folklor/Edebiyat C: VIII, S, 31: 51-58.
  • Arnould, E., Price, L. ve Zinkhan, G. (2004). Consumers. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co.
  • Baker, C., Wuest, J. ve Stern, P. N. (1992). Method slurring: The grounded theory/phenomenology example. Journal of advanced nursing, 17(11): 1355-1360.
  • Başkale, H. (2016). Nitel Araştırmalarda Geçerlik, Güvenirlik ve Örneklem Büyüklüğünün Belirlenmesi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 9(1): 23-28.
  • Bayton, J. A. (1958). Motivation, cognition, learning-Basic factors in consumer behavior. Journal of Marketing, 22(3): 282-289.
  • Bian, X., Wang, K., Smith, A. ve Yannopoulo, N. (2016). New Insights into Unethical Counterfeit Consumption. Journal of Business Research, 69 (10): 4249–58.
  • Bowling, A. (2002). Research methods in health. Investigating health and health services. Philadelphia, PA: McGraw Hill House Bromley, R. J. (1971). Markets in the Developing Countries: A Review. Geography, 56(2): 124–132.
  • Brooker, G. (1975). An instrument to measure consumer self-actualization. In Schlinger, M. J. (ed). Advances in Consumer Research, Association for Consumer Research, Ann Arbor, MI, 2: 563-575.
  • Cordell, V. V., Wongtada, N. ve Kieschnick Jr, R. L. (1996). Counterfeit purchase intentions: role of lawfulness attitudes and product traits as determinants. Journal of Business Research, 35(1): 41-53.
  • Creswell J.W. ve Miller, D.L. (2000). Determining Validity in Qualitative Inquiry. Theory Into Practice, 39(3): 124-130
  • Çalışkan, V. (2007). Kentsel mekan kullanimindaki farkliliklar üzerine bir yaklaşim: Bursa ve Çanakkale’nin periyodik (Haftalik) pazarlarindan örnekler. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 12(18), 49-78.
  • David, F. (2011). Intellectual Property No Credit for Fake Brands! Business Law Review, 32(3): 56-58.
  • Dichter, E. (1960). A strategy of desire. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday.
  • Dokmeci, V., Yazgi, B. ve Ozus, E. (2006). Informal retailing in a global age: The growth of periodic markets in Istanbul, 1980–2002. Cities, 23(1): 44-55.
  • Engel, J. F., Blackwell, R. D. ve Miniard, P. W. (1990). Consumer Behaviour. The Dryden Press ,6th edition USA.
  • Er, İ., Yaşar, E. ve Özçelik, Ö. (2016). Consumers’ Purchasing Behavior from Periodical Markets: A Case from Turkey. The Macrotheme Review, 5(3), Fall
  • Flett, G. L. (2014). Personality theory and research: an international perspective. Wiley Global Education.
  • Foxall, G.R. ve Goldsmith, R.E. (1994). Consumer psychology for marketing. London-New York: Routledge.
  • Freedman, D.H. (1991). Patterns of mental health utilization among Island Puerto Rican poor. American Journal of Public Health, 81(7): 857-79.
  • Freud, S. (1933). New introductory lectures on psycho-analysis. New York: W.W. Norton.
  • Goffman, E. (1959). The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, Anchor Books, New York, NY.
  • Green, R. T. ve Smith, T. (2002). Executive Insights: Countering Brand Counterfeiters. Journal of International Marketing, 10 (4): 89-106.
  • Habertürk. (2015). https://www.haberturk.com/gundem/haber/1138782-ucuz-ve-kaliteli-giyimin-adresi-sosyete-pazarlari (03.01.2020).
  • Habertürk. (2018). https://www.haberturk.com/edirne-haberleri/15884640-komsu-ulkelerden-edirneye-sosyete-turu (03.01.2020)
  • Hawkins, I., Best, R. J. ve Coney, K. A. (1998). Consumer behavior: Building marketing strategy. New York: Irwin/McGraw‐Hill.
  • Heider, F. (1946). Attitudes and cognitive organization. Journal of Psychology, 21: 107–112.
  • Herzberg, F., Mausner, B. ve Snyderman, B. B. (1959). The Motivation to Work (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons
  • Hirschman, E. C. ve Holbrook, M. B. (1982). Hedonic consumption: emerging concepts, methods and propositions. Journal of marketing, 46(3): 92-101.
  • Hodder, B.W. (1965) The Distribution of Markets in Yorubaland. Scottish Geographical Magazine, 81: 48-58.
  • Hull, C. L. (1943). Principles of Behavior, Appleton-Century- Crofts, New York.
  • Jung, C.G., von Franz, M.L., Henderson, J.L., Jacobi, J. ve Jaffe, A. (1964). Man and his symbols. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
  • Kitzinger, J. (1995). Qualitative research: introducing focus groups. Bmj, 311(7000): 299-302.
  • Koday, S. ve Çelikoğlu, Ş. (2011). Geleneksel alışveriş mekânlarına bir örnek: Bartın kadınlar pazarı (Galla Bazarı). Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(2), 243-262.
  • Kotler, P. (2002). Marketing Management Millenium Edition. Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey,Tenth Edition
  • Kuzay Demir, G. (2018). Mekan-Zaman -İnsan İlişkisi Bağlamında 21. Yüzyılda Pazarlar. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 21 (40): 63-74.
  • Mahatoo, W. H. (1989). Motives must be differentiated from needs, drives, wants: strategy implications. European Journal of Marketing, 23(3): 29-36.
  • Markus, H.R. ve Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98: 224-253.
  • Maslow, A. H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, 50: 370-96.
  • McClelland, D.C. (1985). Human motivation. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman.
  • McClelland, D. C. (1987). Human motivation: Cambridge University Press.
  • McDougall, W. (1908) Introduction to Social Psychology, Methuen & Co, London, UK.
  • McNeal, J.U. (2007). On Becoming A Consumer, The Development Of Consumer Behavior Patterns In Childhood, Elsevier Inc., USA, s. 303.
  • Merriam Webster Dictionary. (2022). https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/motive (05.10.2022)
  • Meyers, D.G. (1998). Psychology. New York: Worth Publishers.
  • Murray, H.A. (1938). Explorations in Personality. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Murray, H. A. (1955). Types of human needs. Studies in motivation, 63-70.
  • Okumuş, B.A. ve Bulduk, S. (2003). Tüketicilerin Süpermarketlerdeki Alışveriş Alışkanlıkları ve Ürün Seçimini Etkileyen Etmenler. Dokuz Eylül Üni. Sosyal Bilimler Enst. Dergisi, 5(4): 70–83
  • Ortaylı, İ. (2003). http://www.milliyet.com.tr/pazar/sosyete-pazarlari-5161376 (03.01.2020)
  • Özgüç, N. ve Mitchell, W. A. (2000). Şehirlerin alternatif alışveriş mekânları: İstanbul'da haftalık pazarlar. Tasarım+ Kuram, 1(2): 35-58.
  • Sandikci, Ö. ve Ger, G. (2001). A Fundemantal Fashions: The Cultural Politics of the Turban and the Levi’s, forthcoming in Joan Meyers-Levy and Mary Gilly (eds.). Advances in Consumer Research, Provo, UT: Association for Consumer Research, Vol. 28.
  • Schiffman, L.G. ve Kanuk, L.L. (1983). Consumer behavior (2nd ed.). London/New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
  • Sencer, M. (1989). Toplumbilimlerinde Yöntem. İstanbul: Beta Basım
  • Shanks, N. H. (2011). Management and Motivation, Jones And Bartlett Publishers, chapter 2, p. 24, https://samples.jblearning.com/076373473x/3473x_ch02_4759.pdf
  • Sığrı, Ü. (2018). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri. İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Solomon, M.R. (1992). Consumer behavior. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
  • Solomon, M., Bamossy, G., Askegaard, S. ve Hogg, M. K. (2006). Consumer Behaviour; A European Perspective. Prentice Hall-Financial Times, London,Third Edition.
  • Statt, D. A. (1997). Understanding the consumer: a psychological approach. London: Macmillan.
  • Topçu, U. E. (2006). Alternative Shopping Places: Periodic Markets in Istanbul. In ERSA conference papers (No. ersa06p366). European Regional Science Association, August.
  • Tunçel, H. (2009). Geleneksel Ticaret Mekanı Olarak Türkiye’de Haftalık Pazarlar. Nature Sciences, 4(2), 35-52.
  • Tunçel, H. (2018). Türkiye’deki Periyodik Pazarların Sınıflandırılması. International Geography Symposium on the 30th Anniversary of TUCAUM 3-6 Ekim 2018 /3-6 October, Ankara
  • Tümertekin, E. ve Özgüç, N. (1998). Beşeri Coğrafya. İnsan-Kültür-Mekan, Çantay Kitabevi, İstanbul.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu Sözlüğü. (2022a). https://sozluk.gov.tr/?kelime=pazar (07.09.2022)
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (2022b). https://sozluk.gov.tr/?kelime=sosyete (07.09.2022)
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (2022c). https://sozluk.gov.tr/?kelime=sosyete%20pazar%C4%B1 (07.09.2022)
  • Veblen, T. (1899) Theory of the Leisure Class. In The Collected Works of Thorstein Veblen. Vol. 1. Re-print, London: Routledge, 1994, 1-404.
  • Vicdan, H. ve Fırat, A. F. (2015). Evolving desire to experience the social ‘other’: Insights from the high-society bazaar. Journal of Consumer Culture, 15(2): 248-276.
  • Webber, M. J. ve Symanski, R. (1973). Periodic markets: an economic location analysis. Economic Geography, 49(3): 213-227.
  • White, R. W. (1959). Motivation reconsidered: The concept of competence. Psychological Review, 66: 297–333.
  • Williams, K.C. (1981). Behavioral Aspects of Marketing. London: Heinemann, s.56

HIGH SOCIETY BAZAARS AS A SHOPPING PLACE: A QUALITATIVE EVALUATION ON CONSUMER MOTIVATIONS

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2, 297 - 340, 31.05.2023

Öz

High society bazaars are new generation periodic bazaars that have become an important part of the shopping culture in Turkey, especially in big cities. However, the fact that the subject of high society bazaars has been mentioned in very limited studies in the literature has been the starting point of this study and the phenomenon of high society bazaars is discussed in the context of the reasons why consumers prefer these bazaars and the psychological motivations underlying these reasons. The results of our research show that the reasons why consumers prefer high society bazaars are related to the factors such as “affordable prices, variety, quality products, friendly atmosphere, finding everything together, selling surplus branded export products, selling counterfeits of luxury branded products, physical space, selling local and homemade natural food products, availability of bargaining, habits, transportation/service availability and the opportunity to change the purchased products”. When the motivations of consumers for shopping in high society bazaars are evaluated within the framework of Henry Murray's psychogenic needs list, it is seen that the needs of "acquisition, affiliation, social intercourse, exhibition, superiority and recognition" come to the fore.

Kaynakça

  • Ajzen, I. ve Fishbein, M. (1977). Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research. Psychological Bulletin, 84: 888–918.
  • Aliağaoğlu, A. (2012). Balıkesir Şehrinde Haftalık Pazarlar: Çekicilikler ve Sorunlar. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 17 (27): 43-72.
  • Aliefendioğlu, H. (2002). Kamusal Alan Olarak Pazar Yerleri. Folklor/Edebiyat C: VIII, S, 31: 51-58.
  • Arnould, E., Price, L. ve Zinkhan, G. (2004). Consumers. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co.
  • Baker, C., Wuest, J. ve Stern, P. N. (1992). Method slurring: The grounded theory/phenomenology example. Journal of advanced nursing, 17(11): 1355-1360.
  • Başkale, H. (2016). Nitel Araştırmalarda Geçerlik, Güvenirlik ve Örneklem Büyüklüğünün Belirlenmesi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 9(1): 23-28.
  • Bayton, J. A. (1958). Motivation, cognition, learning-Basic factors in consumer behavior. Journal of Marketing, 22(3): 282-289.
  • Bian, X., Wang, K., Smith, A. ve Yannopoulo, N. (2016). New Insights into Unethical Counterfeit Consumption. Journal of Business Research, 69 (10): 4249–58.
  • Bowling, A. (2002). Research methods in health. Investigating health and health services. Philadelphia, PA: McGraw Hill House Bromley, R. J. (1971). Markets in the Developing Countries: A Review. Geography, 56(2): 124–132.
  • Brooker, G. (1975). An instrument to measure consumer self-actualization. In Schlinger, M. J. (ed). Advances in Consumer Research, Association for Consumer Research, Ann Arbor, MI, 2: 563-575.
  • Cordell, V. V., Wongtada, N. ve Kieschnick Jr, R. L. (1996). Counterfeit purchase intentions: role of lawfulness attitudes and product traits as determinants. Journal of Business Research, 35(1): 41-53.
  • Creswell J.W. ve Miller, D.L. (2000). Determining Validity in Qualitative Inquiry. Theory Into Practice, 39(3): 124-130
  • Çalışkan, V. (2007). Kentsel mekan kullanimindaki farkliliklar üzerine bir yaklaşim: Bursa ve Çanakkale’nin periyodik (Haftalik) pazarlarindan örnekler. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 12(18), 49-78.
  • David, F. (2011). Intellectual Property No Credit for Fake Brands! Business Law Review, 32(3): 56-58.
  • Dichter, E. (1960). A strategy of desire. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday.
  • Dokmeci, V., Yazgi, B. ve Ozus, E. (2006). Informal retailing in a global age: The growth of periodic markets in Istanbul, 1980–2002. Cities, 23(1): 44-55.
  • Engel, J. F., Blackwell, R. D. ve Miniard, P. W. (1990). Consumer Behaviour. The Dryden Press ,6th edition USA.
  • Er, İ., Yaşar, E. ve Özçelik, Ö. (2016). Consumers’ Purchasing Behavior from Periodical Markets: A Case from Turkey. The Macrotheme Review, 5(3), Fall
  • Flett, G. L. (2014). Personality theory and research: an international perspective. Wiley Global Education.
  • Foxall, G.R. ve Goldsmith, R.E. (1994). Consumer psychology for marketing. London-New York: Routledge.
  • Freedman, D.H. (1991). Patterns of mental health utilization among Island Puerto Rican poor. American Journal of Public Health, 81(7): 857-79.
  • Freud, S. (1933). New introductory lectures on psycho-analysis. New York: W.W. Norton.
  • Goffman, E. (1959). The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, Anchor Books, New York, NY.
  • Green, R. T. ve Smith, T. (2002). Executive Insights: Countering Brand Counterfeiters. Journal of International Marketing, 10 (4): 89-106.
  • Habertürk. (2015). https://www.haberturk.com/gundem/haber/1138782-ucuz-ve-kaliteli-giyimin-adresi-sosyete-pazarlari (03.01.2020).
  • Habertürk. (2018). https://www.haberturk.com/edirne-haberleri/15884640-komsu-ulkelerden-edirneye-sosyete-turu (03.01.2020)
  • Hawkins, I., Best, R. J. ve Coney, K. A. (1998). Consumer behavior: Building marketing strategy. New York: Irwin/McGraw‐Hill.
  • Heider, F. (1946). Attitudes and cognitive organization. Journal of Psychology, 21: 107–112.
  • Herzberg, F., Mausner, B. ve Snyderman, B. B. (1959). The Motivation to Work (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons
  • Hirschman, E. C. ve Holbrook, M. B. (1982). Hedonic consumption: emerging concepts, methods and propositions. Journal of marketing, 46(3): 92-101.
  • Hodder, B.W. (1965) The Distribution of Markets in Yorubaland. Scottish Geographical Magazine, 81: 48-58.
  • Hull, C. L. (1943). Principles of Behavior, Appleton-Century- Crofts, New York.
  • Jung, C.G., von Franz, M.L., Henderson, J.L., Jacobi, J. ve Jaffe, A. (1964). Man and his symbols. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
  • Kitzinger, J. (1995). Qualitative research: introducing focus groups. Bmj, 311(7000): 299-302.
  • Koday, S. ve Çelikoğlu, Ş. (2011). Geleneksel alışveriş mekânlarına bir örnek: Bartın kadınlar pazarı (Galla Bazarı). Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(2), 243-262.
  • Kotler, P. (2002). Marketing Management Millenium Edition. Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey,Tenth Edition
  • Kuzay Demir, G. (2018). Mekan-Zaman -İnsan İlişkisi Bağlamında 21. Yüzyılda Pazarlar. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 21 (40): 63-74.
  • Mahatoo, W. H. (1989). Motives must be differentiated from needs, drives, wants: strategy implications. European Journal of Marketing, 23(3): 29-36.
  • Markus, H.R. ve Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98: 224-253.
  • Maslow, A. H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, 50: 370-96.
  • McClelland, D.C. (1985). Human motivation. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman.
  • McClelland, D. C. (1987). Human motivation: Cambridge University Press.
  • McDougall, W. (1908) Introduction to Social Psychology, Methuen & Co, London, UK.
  • McNeal, J.U. (2007). On Becoming A Consumer, The Development Of Consumer Behavior Patterns In Childhood, Elsevier Inc., USA, s. 303.
  • Merriam Webster Dictionary. (2022). https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/motive (05.10.2022)
  • Meyers, D.G. (1998). Psychology. New York: Worth Publishers.
  • Murray, H.A. (1938). Explorations in Personality. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Murray, H. A. (1955). Types of human needs. Studies in motivation, 63-70.
  • Okumuş, B.A. ve Bulduk, S. (2003). Tüketicilerin Süpermarketlerdeki Alışveriş Alışkanlıkları ve Ürün Seçimini Etkileyen Etmenler. Dokuz Eylül Üni. Sosyal Bilimler Enst. Dergisi, 5(4): 70–83
  • Ortaylı, İ. (2003). http://www.milliyet.com.tr/pazar/sosyete-pazarlari-5161376 (03.01.2020)
  • Özgüç, N. ve Mitchell, W. A. (2000). Şehirlerin alternatif alışveriş mekânları: İstanbul'da haftalık pazarlar. Tasarım+ Kuram, 1(2): 35-58.
  • Sandikci, Ö. ve Ger, G. (2001). A Fundemantal Fashions: The Cultural Politics of the Turban and the Levi’s, forthcoming in Joan Meyers-Levy and Mary Gilly (eds.). Advances in Consumer Research, Provo, UT: Association for Consumer Research, Vol. 28.
  • Schiffman, L.G. ve Kanuk, L.L. (1983). Consumer behavior (2nd ed.). London/New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
  • Sencer, M. (1989). Toplumbilimlerinde Yöntem. İstanbul: Beta Basım
  • Shanks, N. H. (2011). Management and Motivation, Jones And Bartlett Publishers, chapter 2, p. 24, https://samples.jblearning.com/076373473x/3473x_ch02_4759.pdf
  • Sığrı, Ü. (2018). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri. İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Solomon, M.R. (1992). Consumer behavior. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
  • Solomon, M., Bamossy, G., Askegaard, S. ve Hogg, M. K. (2006). Consumer Behaviour; A European Perspective. Prentice Hall-Financial Times, London,Third Edition.
  • Statt, D. A. (1997). Understanding the consumer: a psychological approach. London: Macmillan.
  • Topçu, U. E. (2006). Alternative Shopping Places: Periodic Markets in Istanbul. In ERSA conference papers (No. ersa06p366). European Regional Science Association, August.
  • Tunçel, H. (2009). Geleneksel Ticaret Mekanı Olarak Türkiye’de Haftalık Pazarlar. Nature Sciences, 4(2), 35-52.
  • Tunçel, H. (2018). Türkiye’deki Periyodik Pazarların Sınıflandırılması. International Geography Symposium on the 30th Anniversary of TUCAUM 3-6 Ekim 2018 /3-6 October, Ankara
  • Tümertekin, E. ve Özgüç, N. (1998). Beşeri Coğrafya. İnsan-Kültür-Mekan, Çantay Kitabevi, İstanbul.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu Sözlüğü. (2022a). https://sozluk.gov.tr/?kelime=pazar (07.09.2022)
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (2022b). https://sozluk.gov.tr/?kelime=sosyete (07.09.2022)
  • Türk Dil Kurumu (2022c). https://sozluk.gov.tr/?kelime=sosyete%20pazar%C4%B1 (07.09.2022)
  • Veblen, T. (1899) Theory of the Leisure Class. In The Collected Works of Thorstein Veblen. Vol. 1. Re-print, London: Routledge, 1994, 1-404.
  • Vicdan, H. ve Fırat, A. F. (2015). Evolving desire to experience the social ‘other’: Insights from the high-society bazaar. Journal of Consumer Culture, 15(2): 248-276.
  • Webber, M. J. ve Symanski, R. (1973). Periodic markets: an economic location analysis. Economic Geography, 49(3): 213-227.
  • White, R. W. (1959). Motivation reconsidered: The concept of competence. Psychological Review, 66: 297–333.
  • Williams, K.C. (1981). Behavioral Aspects of Marketing. London: Heinemann, s.56
Toplam 71 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Elif Ebru Erce Özbilen 0000-0001-6086-5426

Zeliha Eser 0000-0002-1174-4238

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Ekim 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Erce Özbilen, E. E., & Eser, Z. (2023). BİR ALIŞVERİŞ MEKANI OLARAK SOSYETE PAZARLARI: TÜKETİCİ MOTİVASYONLARINA İLİŞKİN NİTEL BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Pazarlama Ve Pazarlama Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16(2), 297-340.