Çoklu Yaya Takip Probleminin Grafik İşleme Biriminde Gerçekleştirilmesi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 01 Sayı: 01, 26 - 33, 17.07.2021

Özcan Dülger

Öz

Parçacık süzgeci uygulamanın sistem yada ölçüm modellerinin oldukça doğrusal olmadığı ve gürültülerin büyük olduğu durumlarda kullanılan bir seri Monte Carlo kestirim yöntemidir. Parçacık sayısı arttıkça parçacık süzgecinin hesaplama maliyetleri artmaktadır. Grafik işleme birimi içerdiği çok sayıdaki çekirdek ile parçacık süzgecini hızlandırmak için ümit verici çözümler sunmaktadır. Çoklu yaya takip probleminde çok sayıda yaya olduğu için birden çok parçacık süzgeci aynı anda çalışmaktadır. Bu yüzden parçacık süzgecini grafik işleme biriminde verimli şekilde çalıştırmak önemli olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, çoklu yaya takip yöntemini grafik işleme biriminde gerçekleştiriyoruz. 10 tane yanlış alarm (yayaya ait olmayan ölçümler) ve 3 tane yaya olmak üzere bir zaman adımında en çok 13 tane ölçüm değeri alıcıdan gelmektedir ve en az 10 ve en çok 13 tane parçacık süzgeci aynı anda çalışmaktadır. Bu parçacık süzgeçlerini grafik işleme biriminde çalıştırdık ve 9.79x’e kadar hızlanma elde ettik. İki ardışık ölçümlerin arasındaki sürenin çok kısa olduğunu düşünürsek parçacık sayısı arttıkça parçacık süzgecinin grafik işleme biriminde çalıştırılmasının önemini daha iyi görebilmekteyiz. Ayrıca deneylerde elde ettiğimiz kalite sonuçları da kayda değer çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

çoklu yaya takibi, parçacık süzgeci, Sistematik yeniden öğrenme, grafik işleme birimi, CUDA programlama, Tesla K40 ekran kartı

Implementation of the Multi Pedestrian Tracking Problem on Graphics Processing Unit

Öz

Particle filter is a serial Monte Carlo estimation method which is used when the system or the measurement model of the application is highly non-linear and uncertainties are large. As the number of particles increases, the computation cost of the particle filter increases. Graphics processing unit (GPU) offers promising solutions to accelerate the particle filter. Since there are many pedestrians in a multi pedestrian tracking problem, more than one particle filters run at a time. So, it is important to implement the particle filter on the GPU efficiently. In this study, we implement a multi pedestrian tracking algorithm on the GPU. We have three pedestrians along with some clutters (ten clutters at each time step). There may be up to 13 measurements which stand for too many particle filters run at a time. We use gating, association techniques in order to assign a measurement to a track (a pedestrian). We implement the particle filters on the GPU and achieve up to 9.79x speed up. When we consider the duration between two consecutive measurements is small, implementing the particle filter on the GPU becomes substantial as the number of particles increases. Furthermore, the quality of the particle filters is significant.

Anahtar Kelimeler

multi pedestrian tracking, particle filter, Systematic resampling, graphics processing unit, CUDA programming, Tesla K40 board

Kaynakça

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