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MİKRO ÖRGÜT SAHİP-YÖNETİCİLERİNİN İŞLETMECİLİK BAŞARI ÖLÇÜTLERİNE YAKLAŞIMLARI - MİKRO ÖRGÜT NİTEL İŞLETMECİLİK BAŞARI ÖLÇÜTÜ YAKLAŞIM MODELİ

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 37 - 53, 01.01.2016

Öz

Bu çalışmada, mikro örgüt sahip yöneticilerin işletmecilik başarı ölçütlerine yaklaşımları sonucunda nitel işletmecilik yaklaşım modeli tartışılmıştır. Tartışmanın kuramsal temelinde, mikro örgüt kurmada sahip yöneticilerin itici bir güç olarak güdüsü, mikro örgütün büyüme perspektifleri, karşılaştıkları olası sorunlar, sahip yöneticilerin işletmecilik başarı tanımlanmasında kullanılabilecek nitel ölçütler incelenmiştir. Veriler 88 sahip-yöneticiden, Küçük İşletme Başarı Testi ile elde edilmiştir. Büyüme perspektiflerini etkileyebilecek değişkenlerin pozitif ve negatif sınıflaması yapılarak, Mikro Örgüt Nitel İşletmecilik Başarı Ölçütü Yaklaşım Modeli düşüncesi geliştirilmiştir. Güdü, büyüme perspektifi, pozitif ve negatif değişkenler arasındaki ilişki ve sonuçları nitel model üzerinde gösterilmiştir. Modelde pozitif değişkenler olan yüksek benlik güdüsü, iş bilgisi, müşteriler ile yapıcı ilişkiler, işgörenler ile yakın ilişkiler ve mal ve hizmetlere olan güven; mikro örgütün yaşamda kalma, başarı, büyüme ve kaynak olgunluğu aşamalarında etkili olurken; negatif değişkenler düzensiz büyüme, yetersiz finansal olanaklar, büyümeye karşı isteksizlik, yönetim deneyim eksikliği ve iş planlarının azlığı/yokluğu; mikro örgütün kemikleşme aşamasına geçişte önemli olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Öte yandan, cinsiyetler üzerinde t-testi uygulanmış ve p

Kaynakça

  • Arıcan, Y. (2007). Küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmelerde bilgi teknolojisi hizmetlerinde dış kaynak kullanımı. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Kahramanmaraş, 2007.
  • Baines, S. & Wheelock, J. (1998). Working for each other: Gender, the household and micro- business survival and growth. International Small Business Journal, 17(1):16-35.
  • Berranger, P. D., Tucker, D. & Jones, L. (2001). Internet diffusion in creative micro- businesses: Identifying change agent characteristics as critical success factor. Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 11(3):197-214.
  • Berger, A. N. & Udell, G. F. (1998). The economics of small business finance: The roles of private equity and debt markets in the financial growth cycle. Journal of Banking & Finance, 22(6-8):613-673.
  • Berger, A. N. & Udell, G. F. (2002). Small business credit availability and relationship lending: The importance of bank organisational structure. The Economic Journal, 112(477): F32-F53.
  • Boone, L. E. & Kurtz, D. L. (2013). Çağdaş işletme. (A. Yalçın, çev. ), 14. Basımdan Çeviri, Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Campin, S., Barraket, J. & Luke, B. (2013). Micro-business community responsibility in Australia: Approaches, motivations and barrier. Journal of Business Ethics, 115(3):489- 513.
  • Cooper, A. C., Willard, G. E. & Woo, C. Y. (1986). Strategies of high performing new and small firms: A reexamination of the niche concept. Journal of Business Venturing, 1(3):247-260.
  • Çatal, M. F. (2007). Bölgesel kalkınmada küçük ve orta boy işletmelerin (kobi) rolü. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10(2):333-352.
  • Cooper, A. C., Gimeno-Gascon, F. J. & Woo, C. Y. (1994). Initial human and financial capital as predictors of new venture performance. Journal of Business Venturing, 9(5):371-395.
  • Davidsson, P. (1991). Continued entrepreneurship: Ability, need, and opportunity as determinants of small firm growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 6(6):402-429.
  • Davis, S. J., Haltiwanger, J. & Schuh, S. (1996). Small business and job creation: Dissecting the myth and reassessing the facts. Small Business Economics, 8(4):297-315.
  • Delmar, F. & Wiklund, J. (2008). The effect of small business managers’ growth motivation on firm growth: A longitudinal study. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 32(3):437- 457.
  • Gelderen, M. V., Frese, M. & Thurik, R. (2000). Strategies, uncertainty and performance of small business startups. Small Business Economics, 15(3):165-181.
  • Greenbank, P. (2000). Training micro‐business owner‐managers: A challenge to current approaches. Journal of European Industrial Training, 24(7):403-411.
  • Greenbank, P. (2001). Objective setting in the micro‐business. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 7(3):108-127.
  • Hertz, G. T., Beasley, F. & White, R. J. (2009). Selecting a legal structure: Revisiting the strategic issues and views of small and micro business owners. Journal of of Small Business Strategy, 20(1):81-101.
  • https://hbr.org/1983/05/the-five-stages-of-small-business-growth, Erişim Tarihi:17.06.2016.
  • Ishengoma, E. K. & Kappel, R. (2008). Business constraints and growth potential of micro and small manufacturing enterprises in Uganda. Business Management Review Journal, 11(1):1-29.
  • Jamak, A. B. S. A., Alib, R. M. M. & Ghazali, Z. (2014). A breakout strategy model of Malay (Malaysian Indigenous) micro-entrepreneurs. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 109:572- 583.
  • Kobi stratejisi ve eylem planı. (2007). 2007-2009, 1-24.
  • Kobi stratejisi ve eylem planı. (2015). 2015-2018, 1-98.
  • Liberman-Yaconi, L., Hooper, T. & Hutchings, K. (2009). Toward a model of understanding strategic decision-making in micro-firms: Exploring the Australian information technology sector. Journal of Small Business Management, 48(1):70-95.
  • Matlay, H. (1999). Employee relations in small firms: A micro‐business perspective. Employee Relations, 21(3):285-295.
  • Morris, M. H. & Paul, G. W. (1987). The relationship between entrepreneurship and marketing in established firms. Journal of Business Venturing, 2(3):247-259.
  • Muske, G. & Woods, M. D. (2004). Micro businesses as an economic development tool: What they bring and what they need. Journal of the Community Development Society, 35(1):97- 116.
  • Muske, G., Stanforth, N. & Woods, M. D. (2004). Micro business use of technology and extension’s role. Journal of Extension, 42(1), http://www.joe.org/joe/2004february/a4.shtml, Erişim tarihi: 01.08.2016.
  • Müftüoğlu, T. (1989). Küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmelerin önemi, özellikleri ve geleceği. Soba Sanayii Kongresi Bildirileri, 23-25 Kasım 1989, Eskişehir, Türkiye, 8-13.
  • Naktiyok, A. & Küçük, O. (2003). Küçük ve orta büyüklükteki işletmeler’de (kobi) toplam kalite yönetimi (tky) kritik faktörlerinin örgütsel performans üzerine etkileri. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 21:43-65.
  • Orser, B., Riding, A. L. & Switf, C. S. (1994). Banking experiences of canadian micro- businesses. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 01(03n04):321:345.
  • Osotimehin, K. O., Jegede, C. A., Akinlabi, B. H., & Olajide, O. T. (2012). An evaluation of the challenges and prospects of micro and small scale enterprises development in Nigeria. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 2(4):174-185.
  • Özolgun, H. (2007). İstanbul yöresi küçük ve orta ölçekli üretim işletmelerinin finansman fonksiyonu açısından değerlendirilmesi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Edirne, 2007.
  • Parry, S. (2012). Going green: The evolution of micro-business environmental practices. Business Ethics, 21(2):220-237.
  • Perks, S. & Struwig, M. (2005). Skills necesssary to grow micro entrepreneurs into small business entrepreneurs. Sajems, 8(2):171-186.
  • Petersen, M. A. & Rajan, R. G. (2002). Does distance still matter?: The information revolution in small business lending. The Journal of Finance, 57(6):2533-2570.
  • Russell-Bennett, R. &McColl-Kennedy, J. R.& Coote, L. V. (2007). Involvement, satisfaction, and brand loyalty in a small business services setting. Journal of Business Research, 60(12):1253-1260.
  • Samujh, H. (2004). Listening to micro-business operators: What are their social and educational needs? Paper presented to the Social Change in the 21st Century Conference, Centre for Social Change Research, Queensland University of Technology, 29 October 2004.
  • Scott, M. & Bruce, R. (1987). Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3):45-52.
  • Smith, E. & Perks, S. (2006). Training interventions needed for developing black micro- entrepreneurial skills in the informal sector: A qualitative perspective. Journal of Human Resource Management, 4(1):17-26.
  • Storey, D. J. (1994). Understanding the small business sector. University Of Illinois At Urbana-Champaign’s Academy For Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1496214, Erişim tarihi: 25.05.2016. in Entrepreneurship,
  • Street, C. T. &Cameron, A. F. (2007).External relationships and the small business: A review of small business alliance and network research. Journal of Small Business Management, 45(2):239-266.
  • Tokat, B. & Kara, H. (2016). Genel işletme. Ankara: Merdiven Yayıncılık.
  • Walker, E. & Brown, A. (2004). What success factors are ımportant to small business owners? International Small Business Journal, 22(6):577-594.
  • Wayne, H. S. Jr.,Warren, E. W.,Joann, C. C. &Carland, J. W. (1999). A proclivity for entrepreneurship: A comparison of entrepreneurs, small business owners, and corporate managers. Journal of Business Venturing, 14(2):189-214.
  • Wiklund, J. & Shepherd, D. A. (2005). Entrepreneurial orientation and small business performance: A configurational approach. Journal of Business Venturing, 20(1):71-91.
  • Wiklund, J., Patzelt, H. & Shepherd, D. A. (2009). Building an integrative model of small business growth. Small Business Economics, 32(4):351-374.
  • Virginia, L. L. & Neil C. C. (1983). The five stages of small business growth. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1504517, Erişim tarihi: 26.05.2016.

OWNER-MANAGER’S APPROACHES TO BUSINESS SUCCESS CRITERIA OF MICRO ORGANIZATION - APPROACH MODEL OF MICRO ORGANIZATION QUALITATIVE BUSINESS SUCCESS

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 37 - 53, 01.01.2016

Öz

In this study, the results of approach to micro organization owner-managers with business success criteria approach qualitative business model has been discussed. On the basis of theoretical debate, micro organizations a driving force as the motive of the owner- managers in establishing micro organization's growth perspectives, they face potential problems with the results of the owner-managers of business success criteria and qualitative criteria to be used for the identification of micro organizations were investigated. Data from the 88 owner-managers, was obtained by the Quiz for Small Business Success. The variables that can affect the growth perspectives by making positive and negative classification, Micro Organization Qualitative Approach to Business Success Model idea was developed. Motive, growth perspective, the relationship between positive and negative variables and the results are shown on a qualitative model. In the model, high self-motivation is positive variables, business knowledge, constructive relationships with customers, employees and close relations and confidence in the goods and services; micro organization survival, success, growth and resource effective, while the maturity stage; negative variables unregulated growth, lack of financial opportunities, unwillingness to growth, scarcity / lack of experience, lack of management and business plans; in the transition phase of the micro-organizations were found to be significant. On the other hand, t-test to determine whether a difference between the sexes were performed, and some expressions are p womens . In the one-way analysis of variance for differences in working hours, it was observed that there is a significant difference between the study periods p0,05

Kaynakça

  • Arıcan, Y. (2007). Küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmelerde bilgi teknolojisi hizmetlerinde dış kaynak kullanımı. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Kahramanmaraş, 2007.
  • Baines, S. & Wheelock, J. (1998). Working for each other: Gender, the household and micro- business survival and growth. International Small Business Journal, 17(1):16-35.
  • Berranger, P. D., Tucker, D. & Jones, L. (2001). Internet diffusion in creative micro- businesses: Identifying change agent characteristics as critical success factor. Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 11(3):197-214.
  • Berger, A. N. & Udell, G. F. (1998). The economics of small business finance: The roles of private equity and debt markets in the financial growth cycle. Journal of Banking & Finance, 22(6-8):613-673.
  • Berger, A. N. & Udell, G. F. (2002). Small business credit availability and relationship lending: The importance of bank organisational structure. The Economic Journal, 112(477): F32-F53.
  • Boone, L. E. & Kurtz, D. L. (2013). Çağdaş işletme. (A. Yalçın, çev. ), 14. Basımdan Çeviri, Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Campin, S., Barraket, J. & Luke, B. (2013). Micro-business community responsibility in Australia: Approaches, motivations and barrier. Journal of Business Ethics, 115(3):489- 513.
  • Cooper, A. C., Willard, G. E. & Woo, C. Y. (1986). Strategies of high performing new and small firms: A reexamination of the niche concept. Journal of Business Venturing, 1(3):247-260.
  • Çatal, M. F. (2007). Bölgesel kalkınmada küçük ve orta boy işletmelerin (kobi) rolü. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10(2):333-352.
  • Cooper, A. C., Gimeno-Gascon, F. J. & Woo, C. Y. (1994). Initial human and financial capital as predictors of new venture performance. Journal of Business Venturing, 9(5):371-395.
  • Davidsson, P. (1991). Continued entrepreneurship: Ability, need, and opportunity as determinants of small firm growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 6(6):402-429.
  • Davis, S. J., Haltiwanger, J. & Schuh, S. (1996). Small business and job creation: Dissecting the myth and reassessing the facts. Small Business Economics, 8(4):297-315.
  • Delmar, F. & Wiklund, J. (2008). The effect of small business managers’ growth motivation on firm growth: A longitudinal study. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 32(3):437- 457.
  • Gelderen, M. V., Frese, M. & Thurik, R. (2000). Strategies, uncertainty and performance of small business startups. Small Business Economics, 15(3):165-181.
  • Greenbank, P. (2000). Training micro‐business owner‐managers: A challenge to current approaches. Journal of European Industrial Training, 24(7):403-411.
  • Greenbank, P. (2001). Objective setting in the micro‐business. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 7(3):108-127.
  • Hertz, G. T., Beasley, F. & White, R. J. (2009). Selecting a legal structure: Revisiting the strategic issues and views of small and micro business owners. Journal of of Small Business Strategy, 20(1):81-101.
  • https://hbr.org/1983/05/the-five-stages-of-small-business-growth, Erişim Tarihi:17.06.2016.
  • Ishengoma, E. K. & Kappel, R. (2008). Business constraints and growth potential of micro and small manufacturing enterprises in Uganda. Business Management Review Journal, 11(1):1-29.
  • Jamak, A. B. S. A., Alib, R. M. M. & Ghazali, Z. (2014). A breakout strategy model of Malay (Malaysian Indigenous) micro-entrepreneurs. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 109:572- 583.
  • Kobi stratejisi ve eylem planı. (2007). 2007-2009, 1-24.
  • Kobi stratejisi ve eylem planı. (2015). 2015-2018, 1-98.
  • Liberman-Yaconi, L., Hooper, T. & Hutchings, K. (2009). Toward a model of understanding strategic decision-making in micro-firms: Exploring the Australian information technology sector. Journal of Small Business Management, 48(1):70-95.
  • Matlay, H. (1999). Employee relations in small firms: A micro‐business perspective. Employee Relations, 21(3):285-295.
  • Morris, M. H. & Paul, G. W. (1987). The relationship between entrepreneurship and marketing in established firms. Journal of Business Venturing, 2(3):247-259.
  • Muske, G. & Woods, M. D. (2004). Micro businesses as an economic development tool: What they bring and what they need. Journal of the Community Development Society, 35(1):97- 116.
  • Muske, G., Stanforth, N. & Woods, M. D. (2004). Micro business use of technology and extension’s role. Journal of Extension, 42(1), http://www.joe.org/joe/2004february/a4.shtml, Erişim tarihi: 01.08.2016.
  • Müftüoğlu, T. (1989). Küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmelerin önemi, özellikleri ve geleceği. Soba Sanayii Kongresi Bildirileri, 23-25 Kasım 1989, Eskişehir, Türkiye, 8-13.
  • Naktiyok, A. & Küçük, O. (2003). Küçük ve orta büyüklükteki işletmeler’de (kobi) toplam kalite yönetimi (tky) kritik faktörlerinin örgütsel performans üzerine etkileri. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 21:43-65.
  • Orser, B., Riding, A. L. & Switf, C. S. (1994). Banking experiences of canadian micro- businesses. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 01(03n04):321:345.
  • Osotimehin, K. O., Jegede, C. A., Akinlabi, B. H., & Olajide, O. T. (2012). An evaluation of the challenges and prospects of micro and small scale enterprises development in Nigeria. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 2(4):174-185.
  • Özolgun, H. (2007). İstanbul yöresi küçük ve orta ölçekli üretim işletmelerinin finansman fonksiyonu açısından değerlendirilmesi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Edirne, 2007.
  • Parry, S. (2012). Going green: The evolution of micro-business environmental practices. Business Ethics, 21(2):220-237.
  • Perks, S. & Struwig, M. (2005). Skills necesssary to grow micro entrepreneurs into small business entrepreneurs. Sajems, 8(2):171-186.
  • Petersen, M. A. & Rajan, R. G. (2002). Does distance still matter?: The information revolution in small business lending. The Journal of Finance, 57(6):2533-2570.
  • Russell-Bennett, R. &McColl-Kennedy, J. R.& Coote, L. V. (2007). Involvement, satisfaction, and brand loyalty in a small business services setting. Journal of Business Research, 60(12):1253-1260.
  • Samujh, H. (2004). Listening to micro-business operators: What are their social and educational needs? Paper presented to the Social Change in the 21st Century Conference, Centre for Social Change Research, Queensland University of Technology, 29 October 2004.
  • Scott, M. & Bruce, R. (1987). Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3):45-52.
  • Smith, E. & Perks, S. (2006). Training interventions needed for developing black micro- entrepreneurial skills in the informal sector: A qualitative perspective. Journal of Human Resource Management, 4(1):17-26.
  • Storey, D. J. (1994). Understanding the small business sector. University Of Illinois At Urbana-Champaign’s Academy For Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1496214, Erişim tarihi: 25.05.2016. in Entrepreneurship,
  • Street, C. T. &Cameron, A. F. (2007).External relationships and the small business: A review of small business alliance and network research. Journal of Small Business Management, 45(2):239-266.
  • Tokat, B. & Kara, H. (2016). Genel işletme. Ankara: Merdiven Yayıncılık.
  • Walker, E. & Brown, A. (2004). What success factors are ımportant to small business owners? International Small Business Journal, 22(6):577-594.
  • Wayne, H. S. Jr.,Warren, E. W.,Joann, C. C. &Carland, J. W. (1999). A proclivity for entrepreneurship: A comparison of entrepreneurs, small business owners, and corporate managers. Journal of Business Venturing, 14(2):189-214.
  • Wiklund, J. & Shepherd, D. A. (2005). Entrepreneurial orientation and small business performance: A configurational approach. Journal of Business Venturing, 20(1):71-91.
  • Wiklund, J., Patzelt, H. & Shepherd, D. A. (2009). Building an integrative model of small business growth. Small Business Economics, 32(4):351-374.
  • Virginia, L. L. & Neil C. C. (1983). The five stages of small business growth. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1504517, Erişim tarihi: 26.05.2016.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Hakan Kara Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

IEEE H. Kara, “MİKRO ÖRGÜT SAHİP-YÖNETİCİLERİNİN İŞLETMECİLİK BAŞARI ÖLÇÜTLERİNE YAKLAŞIMLARI - MİKRO ÖRGÜT NİTEL İŞLETMECİLİK BAŞARI ÖLÇÜTÜ YAKLAŞIM MODELİ”, Researcher, c. 4, sy. 2, ss. 37–53, 2016.
  • Yayın hayatına 2013 yılında başlamış olan "Researcher: Social Sciences Studies" (RSSS) dergisi, 2020 Ağustos ayı itibariyle "Researcher" ismiyle Ankara Bilim Üniversitesi bünyesinde faaliyetlerini sürdürmektedir.
  • 2021 yılı ve sonrasında Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri alanlarında katkıda bulunmayı hedefleyen özgün araştırma makalelerinin yayımlandığı uluslararası indeksli, ulusal hakemli, bilimsel ve elektronik bir dergidir.
  • Dergi özel sayılar dışında yılda iki kez yayımlanmaktadır. Amaçları doğrultusunda dergimizin yayın odağında; Endüstri Mühendisliği, Yazılım Mühendisliği, Bilgisayar Mühendisliği ve Elektrik Elektronik Mühendisliği alanları bulunmaktadır.
  • Dergide yayımlanmak üzere gönderilen aday makaleler Türkçe ve İngilizce dillerinde yazılabilir. Dergiye gönderilen makalelerin daha önce başka bir dergide yayımlanmamış veya yayımlanmak üzere başka bir dergiye gönderilmemiş olması gerekmektedir.