Değirmendere’nin CBS Tabanlı Deprem Risk ve Erişebilirlik Analizi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Değirmendere beldesinde, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) temelli, depreme yönelik afet yönetimi zarar azaltma amacıyla bir sistem geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen sistem için öncelikle bölgede yapılmış olan çalışmalar, 17 Ağustos 1999 depreminde bölgede oluşan zararlar ve sebepleri incelenmiş ve bölgede depremde yapıları etkileyen yerbilimleri verilerine dayanarak risk oranları ve yerbilimleri verilerinin alt kategorilerinin etki oranlarına göre alt risk oranları belirlenmiştir. Bölgenin depreme yönelik tehlike analizinin yapmakta kullanılan bu verilerin CBS ortamında değerlendirilebilmesi için Analitik Hiyerarşik Süreç (AHS) yöntemi ile ağırlıklandırılması yapılmıştır. Analiz birimi olarak ‘alan’ ı esas alan diğer CBS çalışmalardan farklı olarak, tüm veriler, yapı birimlerinin öznitelik değeri olarak CBS ortamına aktarılmıştır. Bölgede yaşayan nüfus ile ilgili demografik bilgiler Nüfus Vatandaşlık Genel Müdürlüğü’nden elde edilmiş ve yine yapılara ait veri olarak CBS ortamına aktarılmıştır.

Sonrasında da CBS ortamında tehlike analizleri yapılarak bölgedeki riskli yapılar ve risk oranları belirlenmiştir. Diğer afet yönetimi çalışmalarından farklı olarak, riskli yapılarda yaşayan nüfus verileri de değerlendirilmiş ve bunlara yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Afet Yönetimi,Analitik Hiyerarşik Proses,Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri,Zarar Azaltma

The GIS-Based Earthquake Risk and Accessibility Analysis of Değirmendere

Öz

A system is developed within Geographical Information Systems (GIS) with the aim of hazard mitigation of earthquakes in Değirmendere for disaster management. Initially, former studies conducted in the region have been examined; the damages during the earthquake on August 17, 1999 and their reasons have been investigated. Regarding the earth sciences data that affect buildings during an earthquake ratios of risk and in relation to degree of affect of sub-categories of these data to buildings during an earthquake have been identified. In order to be able to evaluate the risk analysis of the region for earthquakes within GIS, the weighting of these data have been realized with the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In contrast to other GIS studies which take regions as basic mapping unit, all data have been transferred into GIS medium as a attribute value for building entities.

Demographic information on the residents of the region have been obtained from the General Directorate of Civil Registration and Nationality, and transferred into GIS medium as another value for each building. Afterwards, risk and network analyses have been conducted in GIS Medium, and the buildings under risk and their ratios have been determined. As a contrast to other studies of disaster management, demographic data of the population living in buildings under risk have also been evaluated and suggestions have been made for these cases.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Disaster Management,Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP),Geographical Information Systems (GIS),Risk Analysis,Network Analysis,Hazard Mitigation

Kaynakça

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