Kentsel Dayanıklılık Odaklı Planlama Yaklaşımının Türk Kent Planlama Sistemine Uyarlanması

Öz

Kent planlama pratikleri, günümüzün beklenmedik değişikliklerinin belirsiz sonuçlarıyla baş edememektedir. Bu noktada dayanıklılık, sürekli gelişme, uyum sağlama ve beklenmedik değişikliklerle nasıl yaşanacağını öğrenmeyi vurgulayan çağımızın öncü kavramı olarak, kent planlama literatürüne girmektedir. Dayanıklılığın bu dinamik karakteri göz önünde alındığında, kent planlamanın temel unsurlarının dayanıklılık perspektifinden vurgulanmasının önemi 2000’li yıllardan beri hızla artmaktadır. Bu nedenle kentsel dayanıklılık planlamasının mevcut bir kentsel planlama hiyerarşisine nasıl dâhil edilmesi gerektiğini tanımlamak ve ardından kentsel dayanıklılık planlamasının bir yasama sisteminde nasıl konumlandırılabileceğini açıklamak, tartışılması gereken temel sorgulama alanlarındandır. Buradan yola çıkarak bu makale, Türkiye örneği üzerinden dayanıklılık temelli yasal çerçeve ve kent planlama süreci tanımlamayı amaçlamaktadır . Bu çalışmada İstanbul'da uygulanan Uzman Anketi, iki aşamalı Politika Delphi Anketi ve Halk Anketi'nin sonuçları üzerinden, mevcut kent planlama süreci için gerekli güncelleme ve iyileştirmeyi sağlayacak "beş bileşenli planlama süreci" tanımı yapılmaktadır. Ayrıca, beklenmedik değişiklikleri yönetme kapasitesindeki boşluğu doldurmak amacıyla, dayanıklılığı mevcut kent planlama hiyerarşisine ve yasama sistemine dâhil edecek bir öneri sunulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kentsel dayanıklılık planlaması
• Türk kent planlama sistemi
• dayanıklılık temelli yasa ve kent planlama sistemi

Introducing & Adapting “Urban Resilience Planning” to Turkish Urban Planning System

Öz

Due to the unexpected changes, planning theory couldn’t cope with their uncertain implications. At this point, resilience is the pioneer concept of this era which stresses to learn how to live with unexpected changes in the face of disturbances while developing continuously, adapting to or transforming into a better state. Considering this dynamic character of resilience, urban resilience-urban planning studies have been rising since 2000s with different interpretations to emphasize an advancement of urban planning’s basic elements through the resilience lenses. Here, the most fundamental outcomes to be discussed are, firstly, to define how urban resilience planning should be included in an existing urban planning hierarchy and then, to define how to position urban resilience planning in a legislative system. Starting from this perspective, this paper aims to highlight the plausible resilience-related legislative and urban planning system through Turkey case. The paper not only reflects the outcomes of an Expert Questionnaire, two-stage Policy Delphi Survey and Public Survey applied in Istanbul, but also proposes “five elements process” as a required upgrade for the existing urban planning process. Moreover, a suggestion to integrate resilience into the existing urban planning hierarchy and legislative system were made to fill the gap of the capacity to manage uncertain changes .

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Urban resilience planning
• Turkish urban planning system
• resilience-related legislative and urban planning system

Kaynakça

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