Workplace Disaster and Emergency Plans, Risk Analysis and Implementation

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 357 - 373, 31.12.2023

Murat Can Duruel , Ahmet Çelebi

https://doi.org/10.32569/resilience.1343581

Öz

Disasters and emergencies are situations that can be encountered anytime and anywhere. These situations may be faced while at workplace as well as at school or at home. Considering the time spent at work, the importance of being prepared for this situations in the workplaces becomes apparent. To be prepared, it is necessary to make and implement a plan. In this study, it is aimed to reveal and implement how to prepare the most effective workplace disaster and emergency plan. To this aim, document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. As a result of the analysis, four steps have been identified for the preparation process of the plan: the planning team, risk analysis, developing and implementing. A disaster and emergency plan has been prepared for a workplace in line with the determined steps and other findings. First, a planning team was formed from the relevant. Then, the hazards were determined, risk analysis was performed with the method created and the correct measures were determined. After, procedures were prepared to detail what needs to be done and the issue of communication. The details of the training and drills to be carried out for the implementation of the plan are specified. Finally, the documentation of the plan was completed by stating how often the plan should be renewed. A well-prepared and implemented plan is very important as it will ensure that both employees and the workplace are prepared for all kinds of incidents.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Disaster Management, Workplace, Emergency Plan, Planning, Risk Analysis

İş Yeri Afet ve Acil Durum Planları, Risk Analizi ve Uygulaması

Öz

Afet ve acil durumlar, her zaman ve her yerde karşılaşılabilecek durumlardır. Okulda veya evdeyken olabileceği gibi iş yerindeyken de afet ve acil durumlar ile karşı karşıya kalınabilmektedir. Geçirilen süre dikkate alındığında iş yerlerinde bu durumlara hazırlıklı olmanın önemi ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bunun için de bir plan hazırlamak ve uygulamak gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, en etkili iş yeri afet ve acil durum planının nasıl hazırlanacağının ortaya koyulması ve uygulanması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç için, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda planın hazırlanma süreci için dört adım belirlenmiştir: Planlama ekibi, risk analizi, geliştirme ve uygulama. Belirlenen adımlar ve diğer bulgular doğrultusunda bir iş yeri için afet ve acil durum planı hazırlanmıştır. Öncelikle ilgililerden bir planlama ekibi oluşturulmuştur. Ardından tehlikeler belirlenmiş, oluşturulan yöntemle risk analizi yapılmış ve alınması gereken önlemler belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra yapılması gerekenlerin ve iletişim konusunun detaylandırıldığı prosedürler hazırlanmıştır. Planın uygulanmasına yönelik yapılacak eğitim ve tatbikatların detayları belirtilmiştir. Son olarak planın ne sıklıkta yenilenmesi gerektiği belirtilerek planın dokümantasyonu tamamlanmıştır. İyi hazırlanan ve uygulanan bir plan, hem çalışanların hem de iş yerinin her türlü olaya hazırlıklı olmasını sağlayacağından oldukça önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Afet Yönetimi, İş Yeri, Acil Durum Planı, Planlama, Risk Analizi

Kaynakça

• AFAD (2014). Dictionary of disaster management terms. Ankara, Türkiye: Turkish Emergency and Disaster Management Presidency.
• AFAD (2018). Earthquake hazard map of Türkiye. Ankara, Türkiye: Turkish Emergency and Disaster Management Presidency.
• Akagündüz C (2015). Risk analysis in industrial diving (Master Thesis). Institute of Science, İstanbul Aydın University.
• Alli BO (2008). Fundamental principles of occupational health and safety (second edition). Switzerland: ILO Publications.
• Atay E (2016). Preparation of emergency management plan for a furniture factory (Master Thesis). Social Sciences Institute, Gedik University.
• Bostan S, Yildiz E (2018). A study on the employees’ OSH awareness and attitude level. Journal of İnternational Health Sciences and Management, 4(6), 57-70.
• Canada (2016). British Columbia emergency management system. British Columbia, Canada: British Columbia Publication.
• Canada (2017). Business and employer emergency preparedness. Vancuver, Canada: The City of Vancouver, Office of Emergency Management.
• ÇSGB (2017). Emergency plan preparation guideline (update: 2022). Ankara, Türkiye: Turkish Ministry of Labor and Social Security.
• Della-Giustina DE (2005). Emergency preparedness in the workplace. Journal of Emergency Management, 3(1), 46-50. https://doi.org/10.5055/jem.2005.0008
• Dundee Precious Metals (2014). Krumovgrad gold project emergency preparedness and response plan. Bulgaria: Dundee Precious Metals.
• ILO (2011). Multi-hazard business continuity management. Switzerland: ILO Publication.
• IAADM (2009). Disaster emergency aid planning guide for industry and workplaces. Istanbul, Türkiye: Istanbul Provincial Disaster and Emergency Directorate.
• ISO (2008). Disaster and emergency management guide in industry. Istanbul, Türkiye: Istanbul Chamber of Industry Publication.
• Kadıoğlu M (2011). Disaster management, expecting the unexpected, managing the worst. Istanbul, Türkiye: Marmara Municipalities Union.
• Kılıç A, Kahraman E, Tosun M (2016). An application for emergency plan in underground chromium operation. Çukurova University Journal of Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, 31(2), 63-71.
• Kırtaş HA, Altundağ H (2019). Training of emergency team. OHS Academic, 1(1), 49-57.
• Koltan A, Orhon Y, Yılmaz S, Altay M, Yılmaz S, Çay İ (2010). Evaluation of the suitability of the L-type decision matrix method used in risk assessment for worker health. Occupational Health and Safety Journal, 10(38), 38-43.
• Mortaş H, Bilici S (2016). Food safety hazards and action plans in emergency situations in public nutrition services. Journal of Nutrition and Diet, 44(1), 73-82.
• Özkılıç Ö (2014). Risk assessment Atex directives - Explosive Atmospheres Prevention and Mitigation of Major Industrial Accidents - Quantitative Risk Assessment. Ankara, Türkiye: Confederation of Employer Associations of Türkiye.
• Shen SY, Shaw MJ (2004). Managing Coordination in Emergency Response Systems with Information Technologies. New York, AMCIS 2004 Proceedings, 252, 2110-2120.
• Selçuk S, Selim HH (2018). L-type matrix method from occupational health and safety risk analysis methods used in the jewellery sector. Journal of Technology and Applied Sciences, 1(1), 21-27.
• SHGM (2012). Airport emergency planning. Ankara, Türkiye: Civil Aviation General Directorate Publications.
• Taçyıldız İ (2014). Mersin port authority emergency action plan (Maritime Expertise Thesis). Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure. TOG (2013). Regulation on emergency situations at workplaces (update: 2021). Ankara, Türkiye: Türkiye Official Gazette.
• UK (2011). Civil contingencies act enhancement programme, chapter 5 (emergency planning). London, UK: Cabinet Office.
• UK-HSE (1999). Emergency planning for major accidents. England: United Kingdom Health and Safety Executive.
• URL 1, https://www.afad.gov.tr/afadem/afete-hazir-isyeri (Accessed: 01.08.2023)
• URL 2, https://www.kocaeli.bel.tr/tr/main/birimler/zemin-deprem-inceleme-sube-mudurlugu/41/pages/247 (Accessed: 01.08.2023)
• USA-FEMA (1993). Emergency management guide for business and industry. Washington, DC: United States of America Federal Emergency Management Agency.
• USA-OSHA (2001). How to plan for workplace emergencies and evacuations. Washington, DC: United States of America Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
• Vaughn T (2023). Reducing Burnout using Emergency Planning: A Literature Review. University of Nebraska Medical Center. Capstone Experience, 239.