Deniz Seviyesi Yükselmesi ve Aşırı Yağış Tehditlerine Karşı Mekânsal Kırılganlık Değerlendirmesi: Küçük Menderes Alt Havzaları

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 235 - 248, 31.12.2024

Gökçe Demircan , Mediha Burcu Sılaydın

https://doi.org/10.32569/resilience.1466863

Öz

Havzaların iklim değişikliğine karşı kırılganlık düzeyleri coğrafi konumu, hidrolojik yapısı, fiziksel yapısı, toprak yapısı, jeolojik yapısı, iklim koşulları, kentleşme düzeyi, arazi kullanımı gibi pek çok faktöre dayalı olarak farklılık göstermektedir. Havza temelli kırılganlık değerlendirmeleri iklim değişikliğine uyum politikalarında su ile ilgili konuların da gözetilebilmesi açısından önem taşımaktadır. Bu noktada alt havzalar ise aynı zamanda yerele özgü stratejilerin belirlenmesinde uygun bir ölçek oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Küçük Menderes Nehir Havzası’nda yer alan, kentleşmiş havza niteliği gösteren ve aralarında farklı özellikleriyle öne çıkan İzmir-Körfez, Çeşme-Karaburun ve Tahtalı-Seferihisar alt havzalarının deniz seviyesi yükselmesi ve aşırı yağış tehlikelerine karşı mekânsal kırılganlık düzeylerinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, alt havzalardaki mikro havza sınırları eşik alınarak, maruz kalma, hassasiyet ve dirençlilik olmak üzere üç tipte belirlenen göstergelerden faydalanılarak mekânsal kırılganlık analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, alt havzaların değişen kırılganlık düzeylerine sahip olduğunu ve göreli daha kentleşmiş nitelikteki İzmir-Körfez alt havzasının diğerlerine kıyasla daha kırılgan bir yapı sergilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Orman ve yarı doğal alanlarıyla öne çıkan Çeşme-Karaburun alt havzasının daha düşük kırılganlık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İklim değişikliği, deniz seviyesi yükselmesi, aşırı yağış, kırılganlık, alt havza

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma, Gökçe Demircan’ın Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Şehir ve Bölge Planlama Programında sürdürülen “Kıyı Kentlerinde İklim Değişikliğine Uyumun Mekânsal Planlama ile Bütünleştirilmesi: İzmir Örneği” başlıklı doktora tezi kapsamında üretilmiştir.

Spatial Vulnerability Assessment to Sea Level Rise and Excessive Precipitation Hazards: Sub-catchments in the Küçük Menderes River Basin

Öz

The vulnerability levels of river basins to climate change vary depending on many factors such as geographical location, hydrological structure, physical structure, soil structure, geological structure, climatic conditions, urbanization level and land use. Vulnerability assessments at the basin level are crucial for addressing water-related issues in climate change adaptation policies. At this point, sub-catchments are also an appropriate scale for determining local-specific strategies. The objective of this study is to assess the level of spatial vulnerability to sea level rise and excessive precipitation hazards in the İzmir-Körfez, Çeşme-Karaburun, and Tahtalı-Seferihisar sub-catchments located in the Küçük Menderes River Basin, which have urbanized basin characteristics and distinct features. In this regard, spatial vulnerability analysis was conducted by using micro-basin borders in the sub-catchments as thresholds and using three types of indicators: exposure, sensitivity, and resilience. The findings revealed that the sub-catchments have different levels of vulnerability and that the Izmir-Körfez sub-catchment, which is relatively more urbanized, has a more vulnerable structure compared to the others. The study found that the Çeşme-Karaburun sub-catchment, which is characterized by its forest and semi-natural areas, has a lower level of vulnerability.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Climate change, sea level rise, excessive precipitation, vulnerability, sub-catchment

Kaynakça

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