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IMPORTANCE OF PREVENTIVE–INDIRECT CONSERVATION AND PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE IN THE PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE INDIRECT–PREVENTIVE CONSERVATION OF THE DOLMABAHÇE PALACE

Yıl 2012, Sayı: 8, 3 - 19, 01.12.2012

Öz

Indirect conservation or preventive conservation aims the preservation of the cultural heritage by controlling the environmental factors related to the deterioration of building materials. Indirect conservation of an historic building or museum basically includes the research on the building and its collection, risk analysis, monitoring, periodic control, preventive conservation and preventive maintenance. Research on the effects of environmental conditions on museum objects and historic buildings gained importance especially after 1970s and the importance of preventive conservation and maintenance emphasized in the international preservation documents together with the increasing emphasis on authenticity and minimum intervention. After 1990s preservation problems of museums in historic buildings started to be discussed independently from the museums in modern buildings and research focused on the joint preservation of the historic buildings and the collections.Preventive-indirect conservation of an historic building or a museum composed of research on the building and the collection, analysis of the risks, monitoring, periodic control, preventive conservation and preventive maintenance. Visual analysis at the beginning of the research in Dolmabahçe Palace pointed out preservation problems related to environmental factors. The research on the environmental factors includes microclimate, moisture content of the building materials, soluble salts, and problems related to unsuitable light, indoor pollution and biodeterioration. The major risks that are found can be summarized as; The risk of deterioration due to rot fungi and wood borers as a result of high relative humidity in the basement and wooden elements in contact with the damp masonry. Airborne mould species discovered are known to be harmful to paper, wood and textiles. There is risk of crystallization of sodium chloride on the first floor walls and of calcium sulphate in the basement. There is also risk of deterioration due to high temperature and illumination level, visible light and ultraviolet radiation for the objects made of organic materials located near to the windows in the rooms of southern and western exposure. High temperatures measured in summer create deterioration risk for book collection, paper objects and photographs. Indirect conservation methods suggested include preventive measures, monitoring, periodical control and maintenance program proposed within the concept of the indirect-preventive conservation

Kaynakça

  • Ahunbay, Z., 1999, Tarihi Çevre Koruma ve Restorasyon, İstanbul.
  • Bouchenaki, M., Jokilehto, J., 2009, “From Rome Centre to ICCROM, Milestones on the Path of the International
  • Centre”, ICCROM Newsletter, 35, pp.1-6. Bradley, S., 2005, “Preventive Conservation Research and Practice at the British Museum”, JAIC 44, No.3, Article 2, pp.159 -173.
  • Brown, J.P., Rose, W.B., 1996, “Development of Humidity Recommendations in Museums and Moisture Control in
  • Buildings”, APT Bulletin, 27/3, pp.12-24. BS EN 335-1, 2006, Durability of wood and wood-based products. Definitions of use, classes.
  • CCI, 2009, Ten Agents of Deterioration. (http://cci-icc.gc.ca)
  • De Guichen, G., Antomarchi, C., 2009, “Fifty Years of Preventive Conservation with ICCROM”, ICCROM Newsletter, 35, p.13.
  • English Heritage, 2004, Grants for Historic Buildings, Monuments and Designed Landscapes - Maintenance Plans. (www.englishhe- ritage.org)
  • Erder, C., 1986, Our Architectural Heritage: From Consciousness to Conservation, UNESCO, İngiltere (Carta Del Restauro: Mad- de 1, Venedik Tüzüğü: Madde 4).
  • Erhardt, D., Mecklenburg, M.F., Tumosa, C.S, McCormick-Goodhart, M., 1995, “The Determination of Allowable RH
  • Fluctuations”, Waac Newsletter, 17, p.1. Feilden, B.M., 1989, “From Restoration to Maintenance: A Case Study of Norwich Cathedral”, APT Bulletin, 21, No.3/4, pp.23-29.
  • Feilden, B.M., 1982, Conservation of Historic Buildings, Butterworth Scientific, England.
  • Forster, A.M., Kayan, B., 2009, “Maintenance for historic buildings: a current perspective”, Structural Survey, 27, No.3, pp.210-229.
  • Grattan, D., Michalski, S., 2009, Environmental Guidelines for Museums - Temperature and Relative Humidity, CCI. (http://cci-icc. gc.ca/crc/articles/enviro/index-eng.aspx.)
  • ICCROM Teamwork for Preventive Conservation, (http://www.iccrom.org/pdf/ICCROM_01_Teamwork_en.pdf) ICCROM, 2002, Preventive Conservation Indicators, (ed.: Menegazzi, C., Putt, N.)
  • ICCROM, 2002, Standards in Preventive Conservation, (ed.: Alcantara, R.) (http://www.iccrom.org/eng/02info_en/02_04pdf)
  • (pubs_en/ICCROM_doc04_StandardsPreventiveConser.pdf) ICOM-CC, 2008, Uluslararası Müzeler Konseyi, Konservasyon Komitesi. (http://www.icom-cc.org)
  • ICOMOS, 1999, The Burra Charter: The Australia ICOMOS Charter for the Conservation of Places of Cultural Significance. (http:// www.icomos.org/australia/burra.html)
  • ICOMOS International Wood Committee, 1999, Principles for the Preservation of Historic Timber Buildings. (http://www.ico- mos.org/iiwc/charter-eng.htm)
  • ICOMOS, 2003, Principles for the Analysis, Conservation, and Structural Restoration of Architectural Heritage. (http://www.interna- tional.icomos.org/charters/structures_e.htm)
  • Jokilehto, J., 2001, A History of Architectural Conservation, 2. Baskı, İngiltere.
  • Kerschner, R.L., 1991, “A Practical Approach to Environmental Requirements for Collections in Historic Buildings”
  • Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, 31, 1. Lambert, S., 2010, “Italy and the history of preventive conservation”, CeROArt, 6/2010.
  • Lipovec, N.C., Van Balen, K., 2008, “Practices of Monitoring And Maintenance of Architectural Heritage in Europe
  • Examples of ‘Monumentenwacht’ Type Of Initiatives and Their Organisational”, CHRESP: Cultural Heritage Research Meets Practice, Slovenia, p.238. (http:// www.chresp.eu) National Trust Policy Papers, 1998, Historic buildings, the conservation of their fixtures, fittings, decorations and contents, The Na- tional Trust, İngiltere.
  • NSW Heritage Office, 2004, Preparing a Maintenance Plan, Information Sheet 1.1. çevrimiçi sürümü. (www.heritage. nsw.org.au)
  • Ridout, B., 2001, Timber decay in buildings, The Conservation Approach to Treatment, İngiltere.
  • Ruskin, J., 1889, The Seven Lamps of Architecture, İngiltere, 6. Baskı, p.196.
  • Sandwith, H., Stainton, S., 1991, The National Trust Manual of Housekeeping, The National Trust, İngiltere.
  • Tétreault, J., 2009, Pollutants, Ten Agents of Deterioration, CCI.
  • (http://cci-icc.gc,.ca/crc/articles/mcpm/index-eng.aspx) The New Orleans Charter: Forging a Strategy to Preserve Historic Structures and Artifacts, 1996, “Museums in His- toric Buildings”, APT Bulletin, 27, no.3, pp.57-60.
  • Thomson, G., 1999, The Museum Environment.
  • UNESCO-ICCROM, 2007-2010, Partnership for the Preventive Conservation of Endangered Museum Collections in Developing Countries.
  • Weaver, M.E., 1986, “Historic Preservation Maintenance in the Netherlands, The Monumentenwacht”, APT Bulle- tin, 18, no.3, pp.10-11.

Tarihi Mirasın Korunmasında Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma ve Önleyici Bakım Dolmabahçe Sarayı’nda Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma

Yıl 2012, Sayı: 8, 3 - 19, 01.12.2012

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ahunbay, Z., 1999, Tarihi Çevre Koruma ve Restorasyon, İstanbul.
  • Bouchenaki, M., Jokilehto, J., 2009, “From Rome Centre to ICCROM, Milestones on the Path of the International
  • Centre”, ICCROM Newsletter, 35, pp.1-6. Bradley, S., 2005, “Preventive Conservation Research and Practice at the British Museum”, JAIC 44, No.3, Article 2, pp.159 -173.
  • Brown, J.P., Rose, W.B., 1996, “Development of Humidity Recommendations in Museums and Moisture Control in
  • Buildings”, APT Bulletin, 27/3, pp.12-24. BS EN 335-1, 2006, Durability of wood and wood-based products. Definitions of use, classes.
  • CCI, 2009, Ten Agents of Deterioration. (http://cci-icc.gc.ca)
  • De Guichen, G., Antomarchi, C., 2009, “Fifty Years of Preventive Conservation with ICCROM”, ICCROM Newsletter, 35, p.13.
  • English Heritage, 2004, Grants for Historic Buildings, Monuments and Designed Landscapes - Maintenance Plans. (www.englishhe- ritage.org)
  • Erder, C., 1986, Our Architectural Heritage: From Consciousness to Conservation, UNESCO, İngiltere (Carta Del Restauro: Mad- de 1, Venedik Tüzüğü: Madde 4).
  • Erhardt, D., Mecklenburg, M.F., Tumosa, C.S, McCormick-Goodhart, M., 1995, “The Determination of Allowable RH
  • Fluctuations”, Waac Newsletter, 17, p.1. Feilden, B.M., 1989, “From Restoration to Maintenance: A Case Study of Norwich Cathedral”, APT Bulletin, 21, No.3/4, pp.23-29.
  • Feilden, B.M., 1982, Conservation of Historic Buildings, Butterworth Scientific, England.
  • Forster, A.M., Kayan, B., 2009, “Maintenance for historic buildings: a current perspective”, Structural Survey, 27, No.3, pp.210-229.
  • Grattan, D., Michalski, S., 2009, Environmental Guidelines for Museums - Temperature and Relative Humidity, CCI. (http://cci-icc. gc.ca/crc/articles/enviro/index-eng.aspx.)
  • ICCROM Teamwork for Preventive Conservation, (http://www.iccrom.org/pdf/ICCROM_01_Teamwork_en.pdf) ICCROM, 2002, Preventive Conservation Indicators, (ed.: Menegazzi, C., Putt, N.)
  • ICCROM, 2002, Standards in Preventive Conservation, (ed.: Alcantara, R.) (http://www.iccrom.org/eng/02info_en/02_04pdf)
  • (pubs_en/ICCROM_doc04_StandardsPreventiveConser.pdf) ICOM-CC, 2008, Uluslararası Müzeler Konseyi, Konservasyon Komitesi. (http://www.icom-cc.org)
  • ICOMOS, 1999, The Burra Charter: The Australia ICOMOS Charter for the Conservation of Places of Cultural Significance. (http:// www.icomos.org/australia/burra.html)
  • ICOMOS International Wood Committee, 1999, Principles for the Preservation of Historic Timber Buildings. (http://www.ico- mos.org/iiwc/charter-eng.htm)
  • ICOMOS, 2003, Principles for the Analysis, Conservation, and Structural Restoration of Architectural Heritage. (http://www.interna- tional.icomos.org/charters/structures_e.htm)
  • Jokilehto, J., 2001, A History of Architectural Conservation, 2. Baskı, İngiltere.
  • Kerschner, R.L., 1991, “A Practical Approach to Environmental Requirements for Collections in Historic Buildings”
  • Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, 31, 1. Lambert, S., 2010, “Italy and the history of preventive conservation”, CeROArt, 6/2010.
  • Lipovec, N.C., Van Balen, K., 2008, “Practices of Monitoring And Maintenance of Architectural Heritage in Europe
  • Examples of ‘Monumentenwacht’ Type Of Initiatives and Their Organisational”, CHRESP: Cultural Heritage Research Meets Practice, Slovenia, p.238. (http:// www.chresp.eu) National Trust Policy Papers, 1998, Historic buildings, the conservation of their fixtures, fittings, decorations and contents, The Na- tional Trust, İngiltere.
  • NSW Heritage Office, 2004, Preparing a Maintenance Plan, Information Sheet 1.1. çevrimiçi sürümü. (www.heritage. nsw.org.au)
  • Ridout, B., 2001, Timber decay in buildings, The Conservation Approach to Treatment, İngiltere.
  • Ruskin, J., 1889, The Seven Lamps of Architecture, İngiltere, 6. Baskı, p.196.
  • Sandwith, H., Stainton, S., 1991, The National Trust Manual of Housekeeping, The National Trust, İngiltere.
  • Tétreault, J., 2009, Pollutants, Ten Agents of Deterioration, CCI.
  • (http://cci-icc.gc,.ca/crc/articles/mcpm/index-eng.aspx) The New Orleans Charter: Forging a Strategy to Preserve Historic Structures and Artifacts, 1996, “Museums in His- toric Buildings”, APT Bulletin, 27, no.3, pp.57-60.
  • Thomson, G., 1999, The Museum Environment.
  • UNESCO-ICCROM, 2007-2010, Partnership for the Preventive Conservation of Endangered Museum Collections in Developing Countries.
  • Weaver, M.E., 1986, “Historic Preservation Maintenance in the Netherlands, The Monumentenwacht”, APT Bulle- tin, 18, no.3, pp.10-11.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Article
Yazarlar

Jale Beşkonaklı Bu kişi benim

Ahmet Ersen Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2012
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012 Sayı: 8

Kaynak Göster

APA Beşkonaklı, J., & Ersen, A. (2012). Tarihi Mirasın Korunmasında Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma ve Önleyici Bakım Dolmabahçe Sarayı’nda Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma. Restorasyon Ve Konservasyon Çalışmaları Dergisi(8), 3-19.
AMA Beşkonaklı J, Ersen A. Tarihi Mirasın Korunmasında Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma ve Önleyici Bakım Dolmabahçe Sarayı’nda Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma. Restorasyon ve Konservasyon Çalışmaları Dergisi. Aralık 2012;(8):3-19.
Chicago Beşkonaklı, Jale, ve Ahmet Ersen. “Tarihi Mirasın Korunmasında Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma Ve Önleyici Bakım Dolmabahçe Sarayı’nda Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma”. Restorasyon Ve Konservasyon Çalışmaları Dergisi, sy. 8 (Aralık 2012): 3-19.
EndNote Beşkonaklı J, Ersen A (01 Aralık 2012) Tarihi Mirasın Korunmasında Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma ve Önleyici Bakım Dolmabahçe Sarayı’nda Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma. Restorasyon ve Konservasyon Çalışmaları Dergisi 8 3–19.
IEEE J. Beşkonaklı ve A. Ersen, “Tarihi Mirasın Korunmasında Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma ve Önleyici Bakım Dolmabahçe Sarayı’nda Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma”, Restorasyon ve Konservasyon Çalışmaları Dergisi, sy. 8, ss. 3–19, Aralık 2012.
ISNAD Beşkonaklı, Jale - Ersen, Ahmet. “Tarihi Mirasın Korunmasında Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma Ve Önleyici Bakım Dolmabahçe Sarayı’nda Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma”. Restorasyon ve Konservasyon Çalışmaları Dergisi 8 (Aralık 2012), 3-19.
JAMA Beşkonaklı J, Ersen A. Tarihi Mirasın Korunmasında Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma ve Önleyici Bakım Dolmabahçe Sarayı’nda Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma. Restorasyon ve Konservasyon Çalışmaları Dergisi. 2012;:3–19.
MLA Beşkonaklı, Jale ve Ahmet Ersen. “Tarihi Mirasın Korunmasında Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma Ve Önleyici Bakım Dolmabahçe Sarayı’nda Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma”. Restorasyon Ve Konservasyon Çalışmaları Dergisi, sy. 8, 2012, ss. 3-19.
Vancouver Beşkonaklı J, Ersen A. Tarihi Mirasın Korunmasında Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma ve Önleyici Bakım Dolmabahçe Sarayı’nda Endirekt - Önleyici Koruma. Restorasyon ve Konservasyon Çalışmaları Dergisi. 2012(8):3-19.