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TÜRKİYE’DE GİG EKONOMİSİNİN İŞGÜCÜ PİYASASINA ETKİSİ: İŞİN OLSUN ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2023, , 452 - 475, 20.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.33723/rs.1349429

Öz

Dünya üzerinde birçok alanın dijitalleşmesi, teknolojik yenilikler ve internetin hızlı gelişmesi insanların yaşam ve çalışma şekillerinde köklü değişiklikler yaratmıştır. Dünyanın küresel bir boyuttan dijital bir boyuta geçmesi, insanların yer ve zaman ayırt etmeden kolay bir şekilde istediği bilgilere ulaşma fırsatı tanımıştır. Dahası 2008 yılında yaşanan Avrupa Borç Krizi ve ardından dünya geneline hızlıca yayılan Covid-19 pandemisi, insanların evlerinde kalarak işlerini yürütebileceği düşüncesini gün yüzüne çıkarmıştır. Uzaktan çalışma fikri insanlara cazip gelerek firmaların ya da hükümetlerin bu alanda hızlı bir şekilde çalışmalar yapmasını zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Böylece bu çalışmayla Türkiye’de büyümeye başlayan gig ekonomisinin işgücü piyasasına etkisi incelenmeye başlamıştır. Bu kapsamda örneklem olarak Türkiye’nin en büyük online işe alım platformu olan Kariyer.net’in mavi yaka istihdamına katkı sağlamayı amaçlayan konum bazlı platformu “İşin Olsun’’ uygulaması seçilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, İşin Olsun’un Türkiye’de 78 binden fazla tam, yarı ya da esnek zamanlı (parça başı) iş ilanı ile 10 milyona yakın iş arayan kişiyi karşılaştırarak gig ekonomisine katkı sağladığı düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca, uygulamanın benzersiz özellikleri sayesinde geçici işlerde daha fazla işe almayı açık hale getirebileceği ve istihdamı arttırabileceği tahmin edilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Al-Dossary, R. (2022), Investigating the feasibility of applying the gig economy framework in the nursing profession towards the Saudi Arabian Vision 2030, Informatics in Medicine Unlocked, 30, 1-7.
  • Alemdar, A. A. (2022), Dijital ekonominin ekonomi politiği-3, Platform kapitalizminin özel biçimi: Gig ekonomisi, https://www.evrensel.net/haber/452801/dijital-ekonominin-ekonomi-politigi-3-platform-kapitalizminin-ozel-bicimi-gig-ekonomisi#:~:text=Gig %20platformu %20%C5%9Firketlerinin%20T%C3%BCrkiye'deki,Go%20ve%20Getir %20gibi%20%C5%9Firketlerdir. Erişim Tarihi: 19.07.2023.
  • Arriagada, A. Bonhomme, M., Ibanez, F. & Leyton, J. (2023), The gig economy in Chile: Examining labor conditions and the natüre of gig work in a Global South country, Digital Geography and Society, 5, 1-09.
  • Ashford, S. J., Caza, B. B. & Reid, E. M. (2018), From surviving to thriving in the gig economy: A research agenda for individuals in the new world of work, Research in Organizational Behavior, 38, 23-41.
  • Bajwa, U., Knorr, L., Ruggiero, E., Gastaldo, D. & Zendel, A. (2018), Towards an understanding of workers’ experiences in the global gig economy, Global Migration and Health Initiative (GloMHI), Canada.
  • Batmunkh, A., Fekete-Farkas, M. & Lakner, Z. (2022), Bibliometric Analysis of Gig Economy, Administrative Sciences, 12(51), 1-15.
  • Davis, M. E. & Hoyt, E. (2020), A longitudinal study of piece rate and health: evidence and implications for workers in the US gig economy, Public Health, 180, 1-09.
  • Donovan, S. A., Bradley, D. H. & Shimabukuro, J. O. (2016), What Does the Gig Economy Mean for Workers?, Congressional Research Service, 471, 1-16.
  • Ertürk, M. (2022), Gig Ekonomisi ile İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme, ETÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (ETÜSBED), 14, 97-126.
  • Gleim, M. R., Johnson, C. M. & Lawson, S. J. (2019), Sharers and sellers: A multi-group examination of gig economy workers' perceptions, Journal of Business Research, 98, 142-152.
  • Hansen, M. 2019. Center for technology and innovation who benefits from the gig economy? https://jamesmadison.org/who-benefits-from-the-gig-economy/ Erişim Tarihi: 18.06.2023.
  • Healy, J., Pekarek, A. & Vromen, A. (2020), Sceptics or supporters? Consumers’ views of work in the gig economy, New Technology, Work and Employment, 35(1), 1-19.
  • Herrmann, A. M., Zaal, P. M., Chappin, M. M. H., Schemmann, B. & Lühmann, A. (2023), “We don't need no (higher) education” - How the gig economy challenges the education-income paradigm, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 186, 1-18.
  • İşin Olsun, 2023. https://isinolsun.com/ Erişim Tarihi: 23.08.2023.
  • İşin Olsun, Linkedin, 2023. https://www.linkedin.com/company/i%CC%87%C5%9 Finolsunapp/about/ Erişim Tarihi: 11.07.2023.
  • Johnston, H. & Kazlauskas, C. L. (2018), Organizing On-Demand: Representation, Voice, and Collective Bargaining in the Gig Economy, Conditions of Work and Employment Series, 94, 1-47. International Labour Office-Geneva.
  • Kariyer.net, (2023). https://www.kariyer.net/website/BasinOdasi/BasinBultenDetay.aspx? bultenID=442 Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2023.
  • Keller, M. (2023), Getting the first gig: Exploring the affective relations of accessing place-based platform labour, Digital Geography and Society, 5, 1-09.
  • Koutsimpogiorgos, N., Slageren, V. J., Herrmann, M. A. and Frenken, K. (2020), Conceptualizing the Gig Economy and Its Regulatory Problems, Policy and Internet, 12(4), 525-545.
  • Manyika, J., Lund, S., Bughin, J., Robinson, K., Mischke, J. & Mahajan, D. (2016), Independent Work: Choice, Necessity, and The Gig Economy, McKinsey Global Institute (MGI), McKinsey & Company.
  • Oyer, P. (2020), The gig economy, IZA World of Labor, 471, 1-11.
  • Ozak, M., 2019. Birth of the Gig Economy in Turkey, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/birth-gig-economy-turkey-merve-ozak/ Erişim Tarihi: 18.05.2023.
  • Roy, G. & Shrivastava, A. K. (2020), Future of Gig Economy: Opportunities and Challenges, International Management Institute (IMI) Konnect, 9(1), 14-25.
  • Sannon, S., Sun, B. & Cosley, D. (2022), Privacy, Surveillance, and Power in the Gig Economy, In CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’22), New Orleans, LA, USA. ACM, New York, NY, USA.
  • Sargeant, M. (2017). E-Journal of International and Comparative LABOUR STUDIES, Sargeant, M. & M. Tiraboschi (Ed.), The Gig Economy and the Future of Work (s.1-12), ADAPT University Press.
  • Şen, G. & Bütün. E. (2021), Covid-19 Salgınının Havacılık Sektörüne Etkisi: Gig Ekonomisi Alternatifi, Journal of Aviation Research, 3(1), 106-127.
  • Tan, Z. M., Aggarwal, N., Cowls, J., Morley, J., Taddeo, M. & Floridi, L. (2021), The ethical debate about the gig economy: A review and critical analysis, Technology in Society, 65, 1-12.
  • Taylor, K., Van Dijk, P., Newnam, S. & Sheppard, D. (2023), Physical and psychological hazards in the gig economy system: A systematic review, Safety Science, 166, 3-17.
  • TechnoToday, 2023. En İyi 5 İş Bulma Uygulaması ve Sitesi, https://technotoday.com.tr/is-bulma-uygulamasi-tavsiyeleri/ Erişim Tarihi: 13.07.2023.
  • Thomas, D. K. (2018), Taxing the gig economy, University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 166 (6), 1415-1473.
  • Umar, M., Xu, Y. & Mirza, S. S. (2021), The impact of Covid-19 on Gig economy, Economic Research-Ekonomska Istrazivanja, 34(1), 2284-2296.
  • Ünal, Ö. & Temiz, H. E. (2022), Gig ekonomisi bağlamında iş ilişkisinin değişen yüzü: Uber örneği, Çalışma ve Toplum, 1, 167-206.
  • Vallas, S. & Schor, J. B. (2020), What Do Platforms Do? Understanding the Gig Economy, Annual Review of Sociology, 46, 273-294.
  • Yıldız, S. K. (2021), Bilim İletişimi Toplumsal Etkileşim ve Dijital Dönüşüm, Öztunç, M. (Ed.), Gig Ekonomisi ve Yeni Nesil Habercilik Pratiği Olarak Gig Gazeteciliğinin Yükselişi, (s.115-136), Siyasal Kitabevi, Kızılay-Ankara.

The Impact of the Gig Economy on the Labor Market in Turkey: The Case of Isin Olsun

Yıl 2023, , 452 - 475, 20.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.33723/rs.1349429

Öz

The digitalization of many areas in the world, technological innovations and the rapid development of the internet have created radical changes in the way people live and work. The world's transition from a global dimension to a digital dimension has given people the opportunity to access the information they want easily, regardless of place and time. Moreover, the European Debt Crisis in 2008 and the Covid-19 pandemic, which spread rapidly throughout the world, brought to light the idea that people can run their business by staying at home. The idea of working remotely has been attractive to people and has made it mandatory for companies or governments to work quickly in this area. Thus, with this study, the effect of the gig economy, which started to grow in Turkey, on the labor market began to be examined. In this context, the location-based platform ‘’Isin Olsun’’ of Kariyer.net, Turkey’s largest online recruitment platform, which aims to contribute to blue collar employment, was chosen as a sample. As a result of the study, it is thought that Isin Olsun contributes to the gig economy by comparing more than 78 thousand full, part or flexible time (piecework) job postings with nearly 10 million job seekers in Turkey. It is also estimated that the application can open more hiring and increase employment in temporary jobs thanks to its unique features.

Kaynakça

  • Al-Dossary, R. (2022), Investigating the feasibility of applying the gig economy framework in the nursing profession towards the Saudi Arabian Vision 2030, Informatics in Medicine Unlocked, 30, 1-7.
  • Alemdar, A. A. (2022), Dijital ekonominin ekonomi politiği-3, Platform kapitalizminin özel biçimi: Gig ekonomisi, https://www.evrensel.net/haber/452801/dijital-ekonominin-ekonomi-politigi-3-platform-kapitalizminin-ozel-bicimi-gig-ekonomisi#:~:text=Gig %20platformu %20%C5%9Firketlerinin%20T%C3%BCrkiye'deki,Go%20ve%20Getir %20gibi%20%C5%9Firketlerdir. Erişim Tarihi: 19.07.2023.
  • Arriagada, A. Bonhomme, M., Ibanez, F. & Leyton, J. (2023), The gig economy in Chile: Examining labor conditions and the natüre of gig work in a Global South country, Digital Geography and Society, 5, 1-09.
  • Ashford, S. J., Caza, B. B. & Reid, E. M. (2018), From surviving to thriving in the gig economy: A research agenda for individuals in the new world of work, Research in Organizational Behavior, 38, 23-41.
  • Bajwa, U., Knorr, L., Ruggiero, E., Gastaldo, D. & Zendel, A. (2018), Towards an understanding of workers’ experiences in the global gig economy, Global Migration and Health Initiative (GloMHI), Canada.
  • Batmunkh, A., Fekete-Farkas, M. & Lakner, Z. (2022), Bibliometric Analysis of Gig Economy, Administrative Sciences, 12(51), 1-15.
  • Davis, M. E. & Hoyt, E. (2020), A longitudinal study of piece rate and health: evidence and implications for workers in the US gig economy, Public Health, 180, 1-09.
  • Donovan, S. A., Bradley, D. H. & Shimabukuro, J. O. (2016), What Does the Gig Economy Mean for Workers?, Congressional Research Service, 471, 1-16.
  • Ertürk, M. (2022), Gig Ekonomisi ile İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme, ETÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (ETÜSBED), 14, 97-126.
  • Gleim, M. R., Johnson, C. M. & Lawson, S. J. (2019), Sharers and sellers: A multi-group examination of gig economy workers' perceptions, Journal of Business Research, 98, 142-152.
  • Hansen, M. 2019. Center for technology and innovation who benefits from the gig economy? https://jamesmadison.org/who-benefits-from-the-gig-economy/ Erişim Tarihi: 18.06.2023.
  • Healy, J., Pekarek, A. & Vromen, A. (2020), Sceptics or supporters? Consumers’ views of work in the gig economy, New Technology, Work and Employment, 35(1), 1-19.
  • Herrmann, A. M., Zaal, P. M., Chappin, M. M. H., Schemmann, B. & Lühmann, A. (2023), “We don't need no (higher) education” - How the gig economy challenges the education-income paradigm, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 186, 1-18.
  • İşin Olsun, 2023. https://isinolsun.com/ Erişim Tarihi: 23.08.2023.
  • İşin Olsun, Linkedin, 2023. https://www.linkedin.com/company/i%CC%87%C5%9 Finolsunapp/about/ Erişim Tarihi: 11.07.2023.
  • Johnston, H. & Kazlauskas, C. L. (2018), Organizing On-Demand: Representation, Voice, and Collective Bargaining in the Gig Economy, Conditions of Work and Employment Series, 94, 1-47. International Labour Office-Geneva.
  • Kariyer.net, (2023). https://www.kariyer.net/website/BasinOdasi/BasinBultenDetay.aspx? bultenID=442 Erişim Tarihi: 03.08.2023.
  • Keller, M. (2023), Getting the first gig: Exploring the affective relations of accessing place-based platform labour, Digital Geography and Society, 5, 1-09.
  • Koutsimpogiorgos, N., Slageren, V. J., Herrmann, M. A. and Frenken, K. (2020), Conceptualizing the Gig Economy and Its Regulatory Problems, Policy and Internet, 12(4), 525-545.
  • Manyika, J., Lund, S., Bughin, J., Robinson, K., Mischke, J. & Mahajan, D. (2016), Independent Work: Choice, Necessity, and The Gig Economy, McKinsey Global Institute (MGI), McKinsey & Company.
  • Oyer, P. (2020), The gig economy, IZA World of Labor, 471, 1-11.
  • Ozak, M., 2019. Birth of the Gig Economy in Turkey, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/birth-gig-economy-turkey-merve-ozak/ Erişim Tarihi: 18.05.2023.
  • Roy, G. & Shrivastava, A. K. (2020), Future of Gig Economy: Opportunities and Challenges, International Management Institute (IMI) Konnect, 9(1), 14-25.
  • Sannon, S., Sun, B. & Cosley, D. (2022), Privacy, Surveillance, and Power in the Gig Economy, In CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’22), New Orleans, LA, USA. ACM, New York, NY, USA.
  • Sargeant, M. (2017). E-Journal of International and Comparative LABOUR STUDIES, Sargeant, M. & M. Tiraboschi (Ed.), The Gig Economy and the Future of Work (s.1-12), ADAPT University Press.
  • Şen, G. & Bütün. E. (2021), Covid-19 Salgınının Havacılık Sektörüne Etkisi: Gig Ekonomisi Alternatifi, Journal of Aviation Research, 3(1), 106-127.
  • Tan, Z. M., Aggarwal, N., Cowls, J., Morley, J., Taddeo, M. & Floridi, L. (2021), The ethical debate about the gig economy: A review and critical analysis, Technology in Society, 65, 1-12.
  • Taylor, K., Van Dijk, P., Newnam, S. & Sheppard, D. (2023), Physical and psychological hazards in the gig economy system: A systematic review, Safety Science, 166, 3-17.
  • TechnoToday, 2023. En İyi 5 İş Bulma Uygulaması ve Sitesi, https://technotoday.com.tr/is-bulma-uygulamasi-tavsiyeleri/ Erişim Tarihi: 13.07.2023.
  • Thomas, D. K. (2018), Taxing the gig economy, University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 166 (6), 1415-1473.
  • Umar, M., Xu, Y. & Mirza, S. S. (2021), The impact of Covid-19 on Gig economy, Economic Research-Ekonomska Istrazivanja, 34(1), 2284-2296.
  • Ünal, Ö. & Temiz, H. E. (2022), Gig ekonomisi bağlamında iş ilişkisinin değişen yüzü: Uber örneği, Çalışma ve Toplum, 1, 167-206.
  • Vallas, S. & Schor, J. B. (2020), What Do Platforms Do? Understanding the Gig Economy, Annual Review of Sociology, 46, 273-294.
  • Yıldız, S. K. (2021), Bilim İletişimi Toplumsal Etkileşim ve Dijital Dönüşüm, Öztunç, M. (Ed.), Gig Ekonomisi ve Yeni Nesil Habercilik Pratiği Olarak Gig Gazeteciliğinin Yükselişi, (s.115-136), Siyasal Kitabevi, Kızılay-Ankara.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Çalışma Ekonomisi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hatip Yurgiden 0000-0001-8201-1050

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 19 Ekim 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Ekim 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Ağustos 2023
Kabul Tarihi 19 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Yurgiden, H. (2023). TÜRKİYE’DE GİG EKONOMİSİNİN İŞGÜCÜ PİYASASINA ETKİSİ: İŞİN OLSUN ÖRNEĞİ. R&S - Research Studies Anatolia Journal, 6(4), 452-475. https://doi.org/10.33723/rs.1349429
R&S - Research Studies Anatolia Journal 

https://dergipark.org.tr/rs