COVID-19’UN ENFLASYONİST ETKİLERİ: KÜRESEL BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 372 - 398, 31.07.2025

Çağla İzgi

https://doi.org/10.33723/rs.1707875

Öz

Covid-19 pandemisi, dünya genelinde ekonomik dengeleri kökten sarsarak küresel enflasyon oranlarında belirgin artışlara neden olmuştur. Bu çalışma, pandeminin neden olduğu arz ve talep yönlü şokların enflasyon üzerindeki etkilerini çok boyutlu bir yaklaşımla incelemektedir. Pandemi öncesi küresel enflasyon eğilimleri tarihsel krizlerle karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmiş; ardından pandemi sürecinde yaşanan tedarik zinciri kırılmaları, tüketici davranışlarındaki değişimler ve genişleyici ekonomi politikalarının enflasyonist etkileri analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca, gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerdeki farklı enflasyon seyirleri karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alınmış ve merkez bankalarının faiz politikalarının etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Son olarak, geleceğe yönelik riskler ve fırsatlar bağlamında yapısal reformlar, bölgesel farklılıklar ve merkez bankası bağımsızlığının önemi tartışılmıştır. Çalışma, pandemi kaynaklı enflasyonun yalnızca geçici bir fiyat artışı olmadığını, aynı zamanda küresel ekonomi politikalarında uzun vadeli dönüşümlere yol açtığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Covid-19 , Enflasyon , Arz Şoku , Talep Şoku , Küresel Ekonomi

The Inflationary Impact of COVID-19: A Global Perspective

Öz

The Covid-19 pandemic has severely disrupted global economic balances, leading to significant increases in inflation rates worldwide. This study examines the inflationary effects of supply and demand shocks caused by the pandemic through a multidimensional lens. Global inflation trends prior to the pandemic are assessed in comparison with historical crises; then, the inflationary consequences of supply chain disruptions, shifts in consumer behavior, and expansionary fiscal and monetary policies are analyzed. Moreover, the divergence in inflation trends between advanced and developing economies is evaluated alongside the impact of central banks’ interest rate policies. Lastly, the study discusses future risks and opportunities in the context of structural reforms, regional disparities, and the importance of central bank independence. The findings suggest that pandemic-induced inflation is not merely a temporary price surge, but a catalyst for long-term changes in global economic governance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Covid-19 , Inflation , Supply Shock , Demand Shock , Global Economy

Kaynakça

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