Araştırma Makalesi
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Detection and Assessment of Light Pollution in Erzurum City Using Ground-Based and Satellite Data

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 96 - 108, 26.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.48123/rsgis.1736546
https://izlik.org/JA49YL87XL

Öz

This study examines the spatial and temporal dynamics of light pollution in Erzurum, Türkiye, by integrating satellite-based VIIRS Night-time Light (NTL) data with ground-based Sky Quality Meter (SQM) observations. A logarithmic regression model was developed to quantify the relationship between radiance and SQM readings at 25 locations in 2021, revealing a strong correlation (R² = 0.722). This confirms that satellite data reliably represent measurements taken directly on-site. By applying the model to VIIRS datasets from 2014, 2021, and January 2025, spatial maps were produced to visualize the increasing trend of artificial lighting. Change detection analysis revealed substantial radiance growth, particularly in the northern and southeastern urban areas. These findings underscore the escalating impact of light pollution and highlight the urgent need for effective mitigation strategies.

Kaynakça

  • Aksaker, N., Kurt, Z., Yerli, S. K., Erdoğan, M. A., Karabacak, A. E., Yalçın, A. Ü., & Uluç, K. (2025). Investigation of potential dark sky parks in Southwestern Türkiye. Advances in Space Research, 75(12), 8486–8496.
  • Aksaker, N., Yerli, S. K., Erdoğan, M. A., Kurt, Z., Kaba, K., Bayazit, M., & Yesilyaprak, C. (2020). Global site selection for astronomy. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 493, 1204–1216.
  • Arroyo, H. L., Abascal, A., Degen, T., Aubé, M., Espey, B. R., Gyuk, G., …, & Kyba, C. C. M. (2024). Monitoring, trends and impacts of light pollution. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 6, 417–430.
  • Aslan, Z., & Onaygil, S. (1999, 3–5 Şubat). Işık kirliliği ve enerji tasarrufu [Bildiri sunumu]. 18. Enerji Tasarrufu Haftası Ulusal Enerji Verimliliği Kongresi, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Aydoğdu, E. (2019). Mevcut ticari binaların aydınlatma sistemlerinde enerji verimliliği analizi için örnek bir çalışma [Yüksek lisans tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi
  • Barentine, J. C., Walczak, K., Gyuk, G., Tarr, C., & Longcore, T. (2021). A case for a new satellite mission for remote sensing of night lights. Remote Sensing, 13(12), Article 2294. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13122294
  • Beccali, M., Bonomolo, M., Galatioto, A., & Pulvirenti, E. (2017). Smart lighting in a historic context: A case study. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 28(2), 282–298.
  • Bingöl, F. (2022). Erzurum ilinin ışık kirliliği ölçümü [Yüksek lisans tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi
  • Blume, C., Garbazza, C., & Spitschan, M. (2019). Effects of light on human circadian rhythms, sleep and mood. Somnologie, 23, 147–156.
  • Bortle, J. E. (2001). Introducing the Bortle dark-sky scale. Sky & Telescope, 126–129.
  • Boyce, P. R. (2019). The benefits of light at night. Building and Environment, 151, 356–367.
  • Chellappa, S. L., Gordijn, M. C., & Cajochen, C. (2011). Can light make us bright? Effects of light on cognition and sleep. Progress in Brain Research, 190, 119–133.
  • Chepesiuk, R. (2009). Missing the dark: Health effects of light pollution. Environmental Health Perspectives, 117(1), 20–27.
  • Cinzano, P., & Falchi, F. (2014). Quantifying light pollution. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 139, 3–20.
  • Cinzano, P., Falchi, F., & Elvidge, C. D. (2001). The first World Atlas of the artificial night sky brightness. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 328(3), 689–707.
  • Crawford, D. L. (2000). Light pollution, an environmental problem for astronomy and for mankind. Memorie della Società Astronomica Italiana, 71(1), 11–40.
  • Dark-Sky. (2025). International Dark-Sky Association. Retrieved June 15, 2025 from https://www.darksky.org/
  • Demir, H., Çıracı, G., Kaya, R., & Ünver, Ü. (2020). Aydınlatmada enerji verimliliği: Yalova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi durum değerlendirmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(3), 1637–1652.
  • Demircioğlu, N., & Yılmaz, H. (2005). Işık kirliliği, ortaya çıkardığı sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(1), 117–123.
  • Devlen, A. (2018). Ege Üniversitesi Gözlemevi’nin gökyüzü parlaklık ölçümleri. Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(3), 401–408.
  • Elvidge, C. D., Imhoff, M. L., Baugh, K. E., Hobson, V. R., Nelson, I., Safran, J., et al. (2001). Night-time lights of the world: 1994–1995. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 56, 81–99.
  • Falchi, F., Cinzano, P., Duriscoe, D., Kyba, C. C. M., Elvidge, C., & Baugh, K. (2016). The new world atlas of artificial night sky brightness. Science Advances, 2(6), Article e1600377. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600377
  • Galatanu, C. D. (2017, October 11–13). Luminance measurements for light pollution assessment [Conference presentation]. 2017 International Conference on Electromechanical and Power Systems (SIELMEN), Iasi, Romania.
  • Gallaway, T., Olsen, R. N., & Mitchell, D. M. (2010). The economics of global light pollution. Ecological Economics, 69(3), 658–665.
  • Gardner, C. (2006). The use and misuse of coloured light in the urban environment. Optics & Laser Technology, 38(4–6), 366–376.
  • Karpińska, D., & Kunz, M. (2023). Measuring light pollution in the night sky – from technology demonstrator to monitoring system. Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports, 33(1), 53–70.
  • Kyba, C. C. M. (2018). Is light pollution getting better or worse? Nature Astronomy, 2, 267–269.
  • LAADS DAAC. (2025a). VNP46A3 - VIIRS/NPP lunar BRDF-adjusted nighttime lights monthly L3 global 15 arc second linear lat lon grid. Retrieved Jun 10, 2025 from https://ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/missions-and-measurements/products/VNP46A3
  • LAADS DAAC. (2025b). VNP46A4 - VIIRS/NPP lunar BRDF-adjusted nighttime lights yearly L3 global 15 arc second linear lat lon grid. Retrieved Jun 10, 2025 from https://ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/missions-and-measurements/products/VNP46A4
  • Nasıroğlu, İ., Güney, Y., Kılıç, Y., Shameoni, N. M., & Tozoğlu, B. (2015, 2–6 Şubat). Atatürk Üniversitesi kampüsünün gökyüzü kalite ölçümü (ışık kirliliği) [Bildiri sunumu]. Ulusal Astronomi Kongresi: UAK 2015, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Özdemir, S., Özkan, K., & Mert, A. (2020). An ecological perspective on climate change scenarios. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 13(3), 361–371.
  • Percy, J. R. (1997, August 22–23). Preserving the astronomical windows by education and culture [Conference presentation]. 23rd General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union, Kyoto, Japan.
  • Pichardo-Corpus, J. A., Solano Lamphar, H. A., Lopez-Farias, R., & Delgadillo Ruiz, O. (2020). Spatio-temporal networks of light pollution. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 253, Article 107068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.107068
  • QGIS. (2025). Spatial analysis – interpolation. Retrieved June 12, 2025 from https://docs.qgis.org/3.40/en/docs/gentle_gis_introduction/ spatial_analysis_interpolation.html
  • Sadeghian, O., Moradzadeh, A., Mohammadi-Ivatloo, B., Abapour, M., Anvari-Moghaddam, A., Shiun Lim, J., & Garcia Marquez, F. P. (2021). A comprehensive review on energy saving options and saving potential in low voltage electricity distribution networks: Building and public lighting. Sustainable Cities and Society, 72, Article 103064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103064
  • Sanchez de Miguel, A., Kyba, C. C. M., Zamorano, J., Gallego, J., & Gaston, K. J. (2020). The nature of the diffuse light near cities detected in nighttime satellite imagery. Scientific Reports, 10, Article 7829. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64673-2
  • Schaefer, B. E. (1990). Telescopic limiting magnitudes. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 102, 212–229.
  • Seyhan, R. K., Aksaker, N., Kurt, Z., & Erdoğan, M. A. (2020). Uzaktan algılama verileri kullanılarak dünya genelinde ışık kirliliği analizi. Türkiye’nin Jinekoloji ve Anesteziyoloji Atlası, 1(2), 771–772.
  • Smith, M. G. (2001). Controlling light pollution in Chile: A status report. International Astronomical Union (IAU) Symposium Series, 196, 39–48. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0074180900163818
  • Solmaz, A., Aksaker, N., Akyüz, A., Kurt, Z., Allak, S., Aladağ, Y., Karakılçık, M., Emrahaoğlu, N., & Özel, M. E. (2021). ÇÜ Uzay Bilimleri ve Güneş Enerjisi Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi (UZAYMER): I. gözlem koşulları ve güncel projeler. Turkish Journal of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2(1), 1–12.
  • Stark, H. (2011). City lights and urban air. Nature Geoscience, 4(11), 730–731.
  • Starlight Initiative. (2025). Starlight Initiative. Retrieved Jun 10, 2025 from https://www.starlight2007.net/.
  • Tomasovits, M. (2025). The impact of facade lighting on environmental sustainability: Investigation methods. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 210, Article 115246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2024.115246
  • Unihedron. (2025). Unihedron. Retrieved June 10, 2025 from http://unihedron.com/index.php
  • Wang, J., Zhao, Y., Su, S., & Zhang, Y. (2023). Based on the comprehensive effect model of light pollution. Proceedings of SPIE, 12799, Article 127994J. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3006009
  • Yerli, S. K., Aksaker, N., Bayazit, M., Kurt, Z., Aktay, A., & Erdoğan, M. A. (2021). The temporal analysis of light pollution in Turkey using VIIRS data. Astrophysics and Space Science, 366, Article 34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-021-03942-6
  • Yeşiltaş, H. K., Kurt, Z., & Turgut, Y. Ş. (2020). Çukurova Üniversitesi Balcalı Kampüsünde ışık kirliliği ölçümleri. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 38(2), 359–373.
  • Yıldız, N. D., & Yılmaz, H. (2005). Işık kirliliği, ortaya çıkardığı sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(1), 117–123.
  • Zhao, F., Chu, C., Rui, L., Peng, Z., Du, Q., Xie, Z., Zhengbao, S., Zeng, H., & Xia, J. (2021). Assessing light pollution using POI and Luojia1-01 night-time imagery from a quantitative perspective at city scale. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 14, 7544–7556.

Erzurum Kentinde Yer ve Uydu Verilerini Kullanarak Işık Kirliliğinin Tespiti ve Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 96 - 108, 26.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.48123/rsgis.1736546
https://izlik.org/JA49YL87XL

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin Erzurum ilindeki ışık kirliliğinin mekânsal ve zamansal dinamiklerini, uydu tabanlı VIIRS Gece Işığı (NTL) verileri ile yer tabanlı Sky Quality Meter (SQM) gözlemlerini entegre ederek incelemektedir. Radyans ile SQM ölçümleri arasındaki ilişkiyi niceliksel olarak belirlemek amacıyla 2021 yılında 25 noktada elde edilen verilerle logaritmik bir regresyon modeli geliştirilmiş ve güçlü bir korelasyon (R² = 0.722) ortaya konmuştur. Bu durum, uydu verilerinin sahada doğrudan yapılan ölçümleri güvenilir bir şekilde temsil ettiğini doğrulamaktadır. Model, 2014, 2021 ve Ocak 2025’e ait VIIRS veri setlerine uygulanarak yapay aydınlatmanın artan eğilimini görselleştiren mekânsal haritalar üretilmiştir. Değişim analizi, özellikle kentin kuzey ve güneydoğu sınırlarında radyansta önemli bir artış olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu bulgular, ışık kirliliğinin giderek artan etkisini vurgulamakta ve etkili önleme stratejilerine duyulan acil ihtiyacın altını çizmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Aksaker, N., Kurt, Z., Yerli, S. K., Erdoğan, M. A., Karabacak, A. E., Yalçın, A. Ü., & Uluç, K. (2025). Investigation of potential dark sky parks in Southwestern Türkiye. Advances in Space Research, 75(12), 8486–8496.
  • Aksaker, N., Yerli, S. K., Erdoğan, M. A., Kurt, Z., Kaba, K., Bayazit, M., & Yesilyaprak, C. (2020). Global site selection for astronomy. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 493, 1204–1216.
  • Arroyo, H. L., Abascal, A., Degen, T., Aubé, M., Espey, B. R., Gyuk, G., …, & Kyba, C. C. M. (2024). Monitoring, trends and impacts of light pollution. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 6, 417–430.
  • Aslan, Z., & Onaygil, S. (1999, 3–5 Şubat). Işık kirliliği ve enerji tasarrufu [Bildiri sunumu]. 18. Enerji Tasarrufu Haftası Ulusal Enerji Verimliliği Kongresi, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Aydoğdu, E. (2019). Mevcut ticari binaların aydınlatma sistemlerinde enerji verimliliği analizi için örnek bir çalışma [Yüksek lisans tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi
  • Barentine, J. C., Walczak, K., Gyuk, G., Tarr, C., & Longcore, T. (2021). A case for a new satellite mission for remote sensing of night lights. Remote Sensing, 13(12), Article 2294. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13122294
  • Beccali, M., Bonomolo, M., Galatioto, A., & Pulvirenti, E. (2017). Smart lighting in a historic context: A case study. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 28(2), 282–298.
  • Bingöl, F. (2022). Erzurum ilinin ışık kirliliği ölçümü [Yüksek lisans tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi
  • Blume, C., Garbazza, C., & Spitschan, M. (2019). Effects of light on human circadian rhythms, sleep and mood. Somnologie, 23, 147–156.
  • Bortle, J. E. (2001). Introducing the Bortle dark-sky scale. Sky & Telescope, 126–129.
  • Boyce, P. R. (2019). The benefits of light at night. Building and Environment, 151, 356–367.
  • Chellappa, S. L., Gordijn, M. C., & Cajochen, C. (2011). Can light make us bright? Effects of light on cognition and sleep. Progress in Brain Research, 190, 119–133.
  • Chepesiuk, R. (2009). Missing the dark: Health effects of light pollution. Environmental Health Perspectives, 117(1), 20–27.
  • Cinzano, P., & Falchi, F. (2014). Quantifying light pollution. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 139, 3–20.
  • Cinzano, P., Falchi, F., & Elvidge, C. D. (2001). The first World Atlas of the artificial night sky brightness. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 328(3), 689–707.
  • Crawford, D. L. (2000). Light pollution, an environmental problem for astronomy and for mankind. Memorie della Società Astronomica Italiana, 71(1), 11–40.
  • Dark-Sky. (2025). International Dark-Sky Association. Retrieved June 15, 2025 from https://www.darksky.org/
  • Demir, H., Çıracı, G., Kaya, R., & Ünver, Ü. (2020). Aydınlatmada enerji verimliliği: Yalova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi durum değerlendirmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(3), 1637–1652.
  • Demircioğlu, N., & Yılmaz, H. (2005). Işık kirliliği, ortaya çıkardığı sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(1), 117–123.
  • Devlen, A. (2018). Ege Üniversitesi Gözlemevi’nin gökyüzü parlaklık ölçümleri. Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(3), 401–408.
  • Elvidge, C. D., Imhoff, M. L., Baugh, K. E., Hobson, V. R., Nelson, I., Safran, J., et al. (2001). Night-time lights of the world: 1994–1995. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 56, 81–99.
  • Falchi, F., Cinzano, P., Duriscoe, D., Kyba, C. C. M., Elvidge, C., & Baugh, K. (2016). The new world atlas of artificial night sky brightness. Science Advances, 2(6), Article e1600377. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600377
  • Galatanu, C. D. (2017, October 11–13). Luminance measurements for light pollution assessment [Conference presentation]. 2017 International Conference on Electromechanical and Power Systems (SIELMEN), Iasi, Romania.
  • Gallaway, T., Olsen, R. N., & Mitchell, D. M. (2010). The economics of global light pollution. Ecological Economics, 69(3), 658–665.
  • Gardner, C. (2006). The use and misuse of coloured light in the urban environment. Optics & Laser Technology, 38(4–6), 366–376.
  • Karpińska, D., & Kunz, M. (2023). Measuring light pollution in the night sky – from technology demonstrator to monitoring system. Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports, 33(1), 53–70.
  • Kyba, C. C. M. (2018). Is light pollution getting better or worse? Nature Astronomy, 2, 267–269.
  • LAADS DAAC. (2025a). VNP46A3 - VIIRS/NPP lunar BRDF-adjusted nighttime lights monthly L3 global 15 arc second linear lat lon grid. Retrieved Jun 10, 2025 from https://ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/missions-and-measurements/products/VNP46A3
  • LAADS DAAC. (2025b). VNP46A4 - VIIRS/NPP lunar BRDF-adjusted nighttime lights yearly L3 global 15 arc second linear lat lon grid. Retrieved Jun 10, 2025 from https://ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/missions-and-measurements/products/VNP46A4
  • Nasıroğlu, İ., Güney, Y., Kılıç, Y., Shameoni, N. M., & Tozoğlu, B. (2015, 2–6 Şubat). Atatürk Üniversitesi kampüsünün gökyüzü kalite ölçümü (ışık kirliliği) [Bildiri sunumu]. Ulusal Astronomi Kongresi: UAK 2015, Ankara, Türkiye.
  • Özdemir, S., Özkan, K., & Mert, A. (2020). An ecological perspective on climate change scenarios. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 13(3), 361–371.
  • Percy, J. R. (1997, August 22–23). Preserving the astronomical windows by education and culture [Conference presentation]. 23rd General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union, Kyoto, Japan.
  • Pichardo-Corpus, J. A., Solano Lamphar, H. A., Lopez-Farias, R., & Delgadillo Ruiz, O. (2020). Spatio-temporal networks of light pollution. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 253, Article 107068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.107068
  • QGIS. (2025). Spatial analysis – interpolation. Retrieved June 12, 2025 from https://docs.qgis.org/3.40/en/docs/gentle_gis_introduction/ spatial_analysis_interpolation.html
  • Sadeghian, O., Moradzadeh, A., Mohammadi-Ivatloo, B., Abapour, M., Anvari-Moghaddam, A., Shiun Lim, J., & Garcia Marquez, F. P. (2021). A comprehensive review on energy saving options and saving potential in low voltage electricity distribution networks: Building and public lighting. Sustainable Cities and Society, 72, Article 103064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103064
  • Sanchez de Miguel, A., Kyba, C. C. M., Zamorano, J., Gallego, J., & Gaston, K. J. (2020). The nature of the diffuse light near cities detected in nighttime satellite imagery. Scientific Reports, 10, Article 7829. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64673-2
  • Schaefer, B. E. (1990). Telescopic limiting magnitudes. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 102, 212–229.
  • Seyhan, R. K., Aksaker, N., Kurt, Z., & Erdoğan, M. A. (2020). Uzaktan algılama verileri kullanılarak dünya genelinde ışık kirliliği analizi. Türkiye’nin Jinekoloji ve Anesteziyoloji Atlası, 1(2), 771–772.
  • Smith, M. G. (2001). Controlling light pollution in Chile: A status report. International Astronomical Union (IAU) Symposium Series, 196, 39–48. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0074180900163818
  • Solmaz, A., Aksaker, N., Akyüz, A., Kurt, Z., Allak, S., Aladağ, Y., Karakılçık, M., Emrahaoğlu, N., & Özel, M. E. (2021). ÇÜ Uzay Bilimleri ve Güneş Enerjisi Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi (UZAYMER): I. gözlem koşulları ve güncel projeler. Turkish Journal of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2(1), 1–12.
  • Stark, H. (2011). City lights and urban air. Nature Geoscience, 4(11), 730–731.
  • Starlight Initiative. (2025). Starlight Initiative. Retrieved Jun 10, 2025 from https://www.starlight2007.net/.
  • Tomasovits, M. (2025). The impact of facade lighting on environmental sustainability: Investigation methods. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 210, Article 115246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2024.115246
  • Unihedron. (2025). Unihedron. Retrieved June 10, 2025 from http://unihedron.com/index.php
  • Wang, J., Zhao, Y., Su, S., & Zhang, Y. (2023). Based on the comprehensive effect model of light pollution. Proceedings of SPIE, 12799, Article 127994J. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3006009
  • Yerli, S. K., Aksaker, N., Bayazit, M., Kurt, Z., Aktay, A., & Erdoğan, M. A. (2021). The temporal analysis of light pollution in Turkey using VIIRS data. Astrophysics and Space Science, 366, Article 34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-021-03942-6
  • Yeşiltaş, H. K., Kurt, Z., & Turgut, Y. Ş. (2020). Çukurova Üniversitesi Balcalı Kampüsünde ışık kirliliği ölçümleri. Çukurova Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 38(2), 359–373.
  • Yıldız, N. D., & Yılmaz, H. (2005). Işık kirliliği, ortaya çıkardığı sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(1), 117–123.
  • Zhao, F., Chu, C., Rui, L., Peng, Z., Du, Q., Xie, Z., Zhengbao, S., Zeng, H., & Xia, J. (2021). Assessing light pollution using POI and Luojia1-01 night-time imagery from a quantitative perspective at city scale. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 14, 7544–7556.
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ve Mekansal Veri Modelleme, Fotogrametri ve Uzaktan Algılama
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

İlham Nasıroğlu 0000-0001-8131-4455

Kazım Kaba 0000-0001-8328-8123

Fuat Bingöl 0009-0004-4890-1120

Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Temmuz 2025
Kabul Tarihi 23 Ekim 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Mart 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.48123/rsgis.1736546
IZ https://izlik.org/JA49YL87XL
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Nasıroğlu, İ., Kaba, K., & Bingöl, F. (2026). Detection and Assessment of Light Pollution in Erzurum City Using Ground-Based and Satellite Data. Türk Uzaktan Algılama ve CBS Dergisi, 7(1), 96-108. https://doi.org/10.48123/rsgis.1736546

Creative Commons License
Turkish Journal of Remote Sensing and GIS (Türk Uzaktan Algılama ve CBS Dergisi), Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License ile lisanlanmıştır.