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Classification of Forest Disturbance and Recovery Dynamics Using the LandTrendr Algorithm and Machine Learning: A Case Study of Milas-Bodrum

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 , 109 - 124 , 26.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.48123/rsgis.1745197
https://izlik.org/JA67JF68MM

Öz

This study analyzes the forest dynamics in the Milas-Bodrum region of Muğla, one of Turkey's most fire-vulnerable regions despite its rich forest assets, for the 2013-2024 period using remote sensing and machine learning methods. The analysis utilized a time-series dataset of 49 Landsat 8 images. Based on the Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) index, these data were processed with the LandTrendr algorithm and subsequently classified for each year into three dynamic categories that reflect the ecosystem's status, using a Random Forest  machine learning model: 'Healthy Forest,' 'Disturbance,' and 'Recovery.' Quantitative findings revealed that a recovery period from 2014-2021, where the 'Disturbance' rate fell to 24%, was dramatically interrupted by the major 2021 fire. This event, which affected both healthy and recovering forests, caused the 'Disturbance' rate to surge to 47% in a single year. Nevertheless, by 2024, the 'Recovery' category had reached 29% again, confirming the start of a new regeneration cycle. Moving beyond conventional classifications, this study presents a robust methodological framework for documenting the ecosystem impacts of major disasters and monitoring recovery processes.

Kaynakça

  • Alkayış, M. H., Karslıoğlu, A., & Onur, M. İ. (2022). Muğla ili Menteşe yöresi orman yangını risk potansiyeli haritasının coğrafi bilgi sistemleri ile belirlenmesi. Geomatik, 7(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.29128/GEOMATIK.791545
  • Baltacı, U., & Yıldırım, F. (2021). Muğla Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü’nde orman yangını riskinin çok kriterli analizi ve haritalandırılması. Turkish Journal of Forestry Research, 8(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.17568/OGMOAD.708385
  • Barmpoutis, P., Papaioannou, P., Dimitropoulos, K., & Grammalidis, N. (2020). A review on early forest fire detection systems using optical remote sensing. Sensors, 20(22), Article 6442. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226442
  • Barmpoutis, P., Stathaki, T., Dimitropoulos, K., & Grammalidis, N. (2020). Early fire detection based on aerial 360-degree sensors, deep convolution neural networks and exploitation of fire dynamic textures. Remote Sensing, 12(19), Article 3177. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12193177
  • Bıçakcı, C., & Yıldız, S. S. (2024). Google Earth Engine ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Kullanarak Orman Yangını Şiddetinin Belirlenmesinde Farklı İndekslerin Karşılaştırılması: 2023 Hatay-Belen Yangını Örneği. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(2), 708-719. https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1404480
  • Copernicus Browser. (2025, 20 Şubat). https://browser.dataspace.copernicus.eu/?zoom=5&lat=50.16282& lng=20.78613&demSource3D=%22MAPZEN%22&cloudCoverage=30&dateMode=SINGLE
  • Coşkuner, K. A., & Bilgili, E. (2022). Calculation of fireline intensity using remote sensing and geographic information systems: 2021 Milas-Karacahisar fire. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 22(3), 236–246. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1215333
  • Fragal, E., Silva, T., & Novo, E. (2016). Reconstructing historical forest cover change in the Lower Amazon floodplains using the LandTrendr algorithm. Acta Amazonica, 46, 13–24. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201500835
  • Hambinintsoa, A., Harto, A., & Virtriana, R. (2023). Spatio-temporal spectral trajectory pattern to continuous maps of forest disturbance and recovery: Case of tropical forests of Vatovavy Fitovinany, Madagascar. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 9, 3597–3608. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-022-01671-5
  • He, L., Hong, L., & Zhu, A.-X. (2024). An Improved LandTrendr Algorithm for Forest Disturbance Detection Using Optimized Temporal Trajectories of the Spectrum: A Case Study in Yunnan Province, China. Forests, 15(9), Article 1539. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15091539
  • Huang, X., & Friedl, M. (2014). Distance metric-based forest cover change detection using MODIS time series. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 29, 78–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2014.01.004
  • Çelik, M. Ö., Fidan, D., Ulvi, A., & Yakar, M. (2024). Akdeniz bölgesi’ndeki orman yangınlarının uzaktan algılama ve coğrafi bilgi sistemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmesi: Mersin ili Silifke ilçesi örneği. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(2), 116-125. https://doi.org/10.53516/ajfr.1302553
  • Kavzoğlu T., Kaya Ş., Tonbul H., (2014, 14–17 Ekim). Mekansal Otokorelasyon Teknikleri KullanılarakModis Uydu Görüntüleri Üzerinden Yanmış Alan ve Yanma Şiddetinin Belirlenmesi [Bildiri sunumu]. V. Uzaktan Algılama ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Sempozyumu, İstanbul, Türkiye.
  • Kennedy, R., Yang, Z., & Cohen, W. (2010). Detecting trends in forest disturbance and recovery using yearly Landsat time series: 1. LandTrendr—Temporal segmentation algorithms. Remote Sensing of Environment, 114, 2897–2910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.07.008
  • Kurbanov, E., Tarasova, L., Yakhyayev, A., Vorobev, O., Gozalov, S., Lezhnin, S., Wang, J., Sha, J., Dergunov, D., & Yastrebova, A. (2024). Detecting trends in post-fire forest recovery in Middle Volga from 2000 to 2023. Forests, 15(11), Article 1919. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15111919
  • Kurbanov, E., Vorobev, O., Lezhnin, S., Sha, J., Wang, J., Li, X., Cole, J., Dergunov, D., & Wang, Y. (2022). Remote sensing of forest burnt area, burn severity, and post-fire recovery: A review. Remote Sensing, 14(19), Article 4714. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194714
  • Lasaponara, R., Abate, N., Fattore, C., Aromando, A., Cardettini, G., & Di Fonzo, M. (2022). On the use of Sentinel-2 NDVI time series and Google Earth Engine to detect land-use/land-cover changes in fire-affected areas. Remote Sensing, 14(19), Article 4723. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194723
  • Li, M., Zuo, S., Su, Y., Zheng, X., Wang, W., Chen, K., & Ren, Y. (2023). An approach integrating multi-source data with LandTrendr algorithm for refining forest recovery detection. Remote Sensing, 15(10), Article 2667. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102667
  • Liu, Z., Zhang, Y., & Zheng, X. (2024). Improving urban forest expansion detection with LandTrendr and machine learning. Forests, 15(8), Article 1452. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081452
  • Martínez, S., Chuvieco, E., Aguado, I., & Salas, J. (2017). Burn severity and regeneration in large forest fires: An analysis from Landsat time series. Revista de Teledeteccion, 49(Special Issue), 17–32.
  • Meng, R., Wu, J., Zhao, F., Cook, B. D., Hanavan, R. P., & Serbin, S. P. (2018). Measuring short-term post-fire forest recovery across a burn severity gradient in a mixed pine-oak forest using multi-sensor remote sensing techniques. Remote Sensing of Environment, 210, 282–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.03.019
  • Orman Genel Müdürlüğü. (2025, 27 Mart). Ormancılık istatistikleri 2007–2023. 03 Eylül 2025’te https://www.ogm.gov.tr/tr/e-kutuphane/resmi-istatistikler adresinden alındı.
  • Parmar, A., Katariya, R., & Patel, V. (2019). A Review on Random Forest: An Ensemble Classifier. In J. Hemanth, X. Fernando, P. Lafata, & Z. Baig (Eds.), Intelligent Data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things (ICICI 2018) (Vol. 26, pp. 758–763). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03146-6_86
  • Pasquarella, V., Arévalo, P., Bratley, K., Bullock, E., Gorelick, N., Yang, Z., & Kennedy, R. (2022). Demystifying LandTrendr and CCDC temporal segmentation. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 110, Article 102806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2022.102806
  • Reygadas, Y., Spera, S., Galati, V., Salisbury, D., Silva, S., & Novoa, S. (2021). Mapping forest disturbances across the Southwestern Amazon: Tradeoffs between open-source, Landsat-based algorithms. Environmental Research Communications, 3, Article ac2210. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ac2210
  • Shen, Y., & Ai, T. (2020). A raster-based methodology to detect cross-scale changes in water body representations caused by map generalization. Sensors, 20(14), Article 3823. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20143823.
  • Shen, J., Chen, G., Hua, J., Huang, S., & Ma, J. (2022). Contrasting forest loss and gain patterns in subtropical China detected using an integrated LandTrendr and machine-learning method. Remote Sensing, 14, Article 3238. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14133238
  • T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı. (2025). Orman Genel Müdürlüğü. 4 Haziran 2025’te https://www.ogm.gov.tr/tr/e-kutuphane/resmi-istatistikler adresinden alındı.
  • TRT Haber. (2023, 28 Temmuz). Manavgat yangınının üzerinden iki yıl geçti. https://www.trthaber.com/haber/turkiye/manavgat-yangininin-uzerinden-iki-yil-gecti-784798.html
  • Tu, Y., Liao, K., Chen, Y., Jiao, H., & Chen, G. (2024). Optimized parameters for detecting multiple forest disturbance and recovery events and spatiotemporal patterns in fast-regrowing Southern China. Remote Sensing, 16, Article 2240. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122240
  • Viana-Soto, A., Aguado, I., Salas, J., & García, M. (2020). Identifying post-fire recovery trajectories and driving factors using Landsat time series in fire-prone Mediterranean pine forests. Remote Sensing, 12(9), Article 1499. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12091499
  • Xu, X., Li, Y., Li, S., & Fan, H. (2024). Post-fire forest recovery trajectory characterized by a modified LandTrendr recovery detection method: A case study of Pinus yunnanensis forests. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 354, Article 110084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110084
  • Wang, Y., Zhao, S., Zuo, H., Hu, X., Guo, Y., Han, D., & Chang, Y. (2023). Tracking the vegetation change trajectory over large-surface coal mines in the Jungar Coalfield using Landsat time-series data. Remote Sensing, 15(24), Article 5667. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15245667
  • Yan, J., He, H., Wang, L., Zhang, H., Liang, D., & Zhang, J. (2022). Inter-comparison of four models for detecting forest fire disturbance from MOD13A2 time series. Remote Sensing, 14(6), Article 1446. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14061446
  • Yılmaz, O. S., Oruç, M. S., Ateş, A. M., & Gülgen, F. (2021). Orman yangın şiddetinin Google Earth Engine ve coğrafi bilgi sistemleri kullanarak analizi: Hatay-Belen örneği. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(2), 1519–1532. https://doi.org/10.21597/JIST.817900

LandTrendr Algoritması ve Makine Öğrenme Kullanılarak Orman Tahribatı ve İyileşme Süreçlerinin Sınıflandırılması: Milas-Bodrum Örneği

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 , 109 - 124 , 26.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.48123/rsgis.1745197
https://izlik.org/JA67JF68MM

Öz

Bu çalışma, zengin orman varlığına rağmen Türkiye'nin yangına en hassas bölgelerinden olan Muğla'nın Milas-Bodrum yöresindeki orman dinamiğini, 2013-2024 periyodu için uzaktan algılama ve makine öğrenmesi yöntemleriyle analiz etmektedir. Analizde, 49 adet Landsat 8 görüntüsünden oluşan zaman serisi verileri kullanılmıştır. Normalize Edilmiş Yanma Oranı (NBR) indeksine dayalı bu veriler, LandTrendr algoritması ile işlenmiş ve ardından Random Forest makine öğrenmesi modeliyle her yıl için "Sağlıklı Orman", "Bozulma" ve "İyileşme" olmak üzere, ekosistemin durumunu yansıtan üç dinamik sınıfa ayrılmıştır. Kantitatif bulgular, 2014-2021 arasında "Bozulma" oranının %24'e gerilediği bir iyileşme döneminin, 2021'deki büyük yangınla dramatik şekilde kesintiye uğradığını ortaya koymuştur. Hem sağlıklı hem de iyileşmekte olan ormanları etkileyen bu olay, "Bozulma" oranını tek bir yılda %47'ye fırlatmış; ancak 2024 itibarıyla "İyileşme" kategorisi tekrar %29'a ulaşarak yeni bir rejenerasyon döngüsünün başladığını teyit etmiştir. Bu çalışma, geleneksel sınıflandırmaların ötesine geçerek, makine öğrenmesi ve zaman serisi analizinin büyük afetlerin ekosistem etkilerini belgelemek ve iyileşme süreçlerini izlemek için sunduğu güçlü metodolojik çerçeveyi ortaya koymaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Alkayış, M. H., Karslıoğlu, A., & Onur, M. İ. (2022). Muğla ili Menteşe yöresi orman yangını risk potansiyeli haritasının coğrafi bilgi sistemleri ile belirlenmesi. Geomatik, 7(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.29128/GEOMATIK.791545
  • Baltacı, U., & Yıldırım, F. (2021). Muğla Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü’nde orman yangını riskinin çok kriterli analizi ve haritalandırılması. Turkish Journal of Forestry Research, 8(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.17568/OGMOAD.708385
  • Barmpoutis, P., Papaioannou, P., Dimitropoulos, K., & Grammalidis, N. (2020). A review on early forest fire detection systems using optical remote sensing. Sensors, 20(22), Article 6442. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226442
  • Barmpoutis, P., Stathaki, T., Dimitropoulos, K., & Grammalidis, N. (2020). Early fire detection based on aerial 360-degree sensors, deep convolution neural networks and exploitation of fire dynamic textures. Remote Sensing, 12(19), Article 3177. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12193177
  • Bıçakcı, C., & Yıldız, S. S. (2024). Google Earth Engine ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Kullanarak Orman Yangını Şiddetinin Belirlenmesinde Farklı İndekslerin Karşılaştırılması: 2023 Hatay-Belen Yangını Örneği. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(2), 708-719. https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1404480
  • Copernicus Browser. (2025, 20 Şubat). https://browser.dataspace.copernicus.eu/?zoom=5&lat=50.16282& lng=20.78613&demSource3D=%22MAPZEN%22&cloudCoverage=30&dateMode=SINGLE
  • Coşkuner, K. A., & Bilgili, E. (2022). Calculation of fireline intensity using remote sensing and geographic information systems: 2021 Milas-Karacahisar fire. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 22(3), 236–246. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1215333
  • Fragal, E., Silva, T., & Novo, E. (2016). Reconstructing historical forest cover change in the Lower Amazon floodplains using the LandTrendr algorithm. Acta Amazonica, 46, 13–24. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201500835
  • Hambinintsoa, A., Harto, A., & Virtriana, R. (2023). Spatio-temporal spectral trajectory pattern to continuous maps of forest disturbance and recovery: Case of tropical forests of Vatovavy Fitovinany, Madagascar. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 9, 3597–3608. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-022-01671-5
  • He, L., Hong, L., & Zhu, A.-X. (2024). An Improved LandTrendr Algorithm for Forest Disturbance Detection Using Optimized Temporal Trajectories of the Spectrum: A Case Study in Yunnan Province, China. Forests, 15(9), Article 1539. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15091539
  • Huang, X., & Friedl, M. (2014). Distance metric-based forest cover change detection using MODIS time series. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 29, 78–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2014.01.004
  • Çelik, M. Ö., Fidan, D., Ulvi, A., & Yakar, M. (2024). Akdeniz bölgesi’ndeki orman yangınlarının uzaktan algılama ve coğrafi bilgi sistemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmesi: Mersin ili Silifke ilçesi örneği. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(2), 116-125. https://doi.org/10.53516/ajfr.1302553
  • Kavzoğlu T., Kaya Ş., Tonbul H., (2014, 14–17 Ekim). Mekansal Otokorelasyon Teknikleri KullanılarakModis Uydu Görüntüleri Üzerinden Yanmış Alan ve Yanma Şiddetinin Belirlenmesi [Bildiri sunumu]. V. Uzaktan Algılama ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Sempozyumu, İstanbul, Türkiye.
  • Kennedy, R., Yang, Z., & Cohen, W. (2010). Detecting trends in forest disturbance and recovery using yearly Landsat time series: 1. LandTrendr—Temporal segmentation algorithms. Remote Sensing of Environment, 114, 2897–2910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.07.008
  • Kurbanov, E., Tarasova, L., Yakhyayev, A., Vorobev, O., Gozalov, S., Lezhnin, S., Wang, J., Sha, J., Dergunov, D., & Yastrebova, A. (2024). Detecting trends in post-fire forest recovery in Middle Volga from 2000 to 2023. Forests, 15(11), Article 1919. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15111919
  • Kurbanov, E., Vorobev, O., Lezhnin, S., Sha, J., Wang, J., Li, X., Cole, J., Dergunov, D., & Wang, Y. (2022). Remote sensing of forest burnt area, burn severity, and post-fire recovery: A review. Remote Sensing, 14(19), Article 4714. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194714
  • Lasaponara, R., Abate, N., Fattore, C., Aromando, A., Cardettini, G., & Di Fonzo, M. (2022). On the use of Sentinel-2 NDVI time series and Google Earth Engine to detect land-use/land-cover changes in fire-affected areas. Remote Sensing, 14(19), Article 4723. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194723
  • Li, M., Zuo, S., Su, Y., Zheng, X., Wang, W., Chen, K., & Ren, Y. (2023). An approach integrating multi-source data with LandTrendr algorithm for refining forest recovery detection. Remote Sensing, 15(10), Article 2667. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102667
  • Liu, Z., Zhang, Y., & Zheng, X. (2024). Improving urban forest expansion detection with LandTrendr and machine learning. Forests, 15(8), Article 1452. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081452
  • Martínez, S., Chuvieco, E., Aguado, I., & Salas, J. (2017). Burn severity and regeneration in large forest fires: An analysis from Landsat time series. Revista de Teledeteccion, 49(Special Issue), 17–32.
  • Meng, R., Wu, J., Zhao, F., Cook, B. D., Hanavan, R. P., & Serbin, S. P. (2018). Measuring short-term post-fire forest recovery across a burn severity gradient in a mixed pine-oak forest using multi-sensor remote sensing techniques. Remote Sensing of Environment, 210, 282–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.03.019
  • Orman Genel Müdürlüğü. (2025, 27 Mart). Ormancılık istatistikleri 2007–2023. 03 Eylül 2025’te https://www.ogm.gov.tr/tr/e-kutuphane/resmi-istatistikler adresinden alındı.
  • Parmar, A., Katariya, R., & Patel, V. (2019). A Review on Random Forest: An Ensemble Classifier. In J. Hemanth, X. Fernando, P. Lafata, & Z. Baig (Eds.), Intelligent Data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things (ICICI 2018) (Vol. 26, pp. 758–763). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03146-6_86
  • Pasquarella, V., Arévalo, P., Bratley, K., Bullock, E., Gorelick, N., Yang, Z., & Kennedy, R. (2022). Demystifying LandTrendr and CCDC temporal segmentation. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 110, Article 102806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2022.102806
  • Reygadas, Y., Spera, S., Galati, V., Salisbury, D., Silva, S., & Novoa, S. (2021). Mapping forest disturbances across the Southwestern Amazon: Tradeoffs between open-source, Landsat-based algorithms. Environmental Research Communications, 3, Article ac2210. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ac2210
  • Shen, Y., & Ai, T. (2020). A raster-based methodology to detect cross-scale changes in water body representations caused by map generalization. Sensors, 20(14), Article 3823. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20143823.
  • Shen, J., Chen, G., Hua, J., Huang, S., & Ma, J. (2022). Contrasting forest loss and gain patterns in subtropical China detected using an integrated LandTrendr and machine-learning method. Remote Sensing, 14, Article 3238. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14133238
  • T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı. (2025). Orman Genel Müdürlüğü. 4 Haziran 2025’te https://www.ogm.gov.tr/tr/e-kutuphane/resmi-istatistikler adresinden alındı.
  • TRT Haber. (2023, 28 Temmuz). Manavgat yangınının üzerinden iki yıl geçti. https://www.trthaber.com/haber/turkiye/manavgat-yangininin-uzerinden-iki-yil-gecti-784798.html
  • Tu, Y., Liao, K., Chen, Y., Jiao, H., & Chen, G. (2024). Optimized parameters for detecting multiple forest disturbance and recovery events and spatiotemporal patterns in fast-regrowing Southern China. Remote Sensing, 16, Article 2240. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122240
  • Viana-Soto, A., Aguado, I., Salas, J., & García, M. (2020). Identifying post-fire recovery trajectories and driving factors using Landsat time series in fire-prone Mediterranean pine forests. Remote Sensing, 12(9), Article 1499. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12091499
  • Xu, X., Li, Y., Li, S., & Fan, H. (2024). Post-fire forest recovery trajectory characterized by a modified LandTrendr recovery detection method: A case study of Pinus yunnanensis forests. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 354, Article 110084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110084
  • Wang, Y., Zhao, S., Zuo, H., Hu, X., Guo, Y., Han, D., & Chang, Y. (2023). Tracking the vegetation change trajectory over large-surface coal mines in the Jungar Coalfield using Landsat time-series data. Remote Sensing, 15(24), Article 5667. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15245667
  • Yan, J., He, H., Wang, L., Zhang, H., Liang, D., & Zhang, J. (2022). Inter-comparison of four models for detecting forest fire disturbance from MOD13A2 time series. Remote Sensing, 14(6), Article 1446. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14061446
  • Yılmaz, O. S., Oruç, M. S., Ateş, A. M., & Gülgen, F. (2021). Orman yangın şiddetinin Google Earth Engine ve coğrafi bilgi sistemleri kullanarak analizi: Hatay-Belen örneği. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(2), 1519–1532. https://doi.org/10.21597/JIST.817900
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Makine Öğrenme (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Mehmet Akif Taş 0000-0003-3543-037X

Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Temmuz 2025
Kabul Tarihi 16 Ekim 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Mart 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.48123/rsgis.1745197
IZ https://izlik.org/JA67JF68MM
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Taş, M. A. (2026). LandTrendr Algoritması ve Makine Öğrenme Kullanılarak Orman Tahribatı ve İyileşme Süreçlerinin Sınıflandırılması: Milas-Bodrum Örneği. Türk Uzaktan Algılama ve CBS Dergisi, 7(1), 109-124. https://doi.org/10.48123/rsgis.1745197

Creative Commons License
Turkish Journal of Remote Sensing and GIS (Türk Uzaktan Algılama ve CBS Dergisi), Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License ile lisanlanmıştır.