İHA Kullanarak Yol Bozukluk Ölçmeleri

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 13 - 23, 31.03.2020

Mustafa Zeybek Serkan Biçici

Öz

Yolun bakımı ve iyileştirilmesi çok önemli eylemlerdir. Bu nedenle, bu eylemler yapılmadan önce yol koşulları doğru bir şekilde incelenmelidir. Arazideki manuel ve görsel olarak yapılan inceleme, yol durumunu izlemek için geleneksel olarak kullanılan yöntemdir. Ancak, bu, zaman alıcı, yoğun emek isteyen ve maliyetli bir yöntemdir. Buna ek olarak, geleneksel inceleme yöntemi sadece denetleyiciler için değil aynı zamanda yayalar ve sürücüler gibi yolun birincil kullanıcıları için de güvenlik problemi oluşturur. Bu çalışmada, yol durumunun incelenmesi için insansız hava aracı (İHA) kullanılmaktadır. İHA teknolojisi, verileri verimli ve doğru bir şekilde toplamak için önemli bir araç haline gelmektedir. Önerilen yöntem üç adımdan oluşur. İlk olarak, İHA uçuşundan birçok görüntü elde edilir. Daha sonra, görüntüler, üç boyutlu (3B) nokta bulutu, sayısal yüzey modeli ve ortomozaik oluşturmak için kullanılır. Son olarak, iki boyutlu (2B) ve 3B verilerden yol bozuklukları tespit edilir ve ölçülür. Önerilen metodolojiden elde edilen ölçüler, geleneksel inceleme yönteminden alınan ölçülerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Her iki ölçümden de nispeten benzer sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, İHA ölçüm tekniğinin kullanımı yol bozukluklarını tespit etmek için uygundur. Önerilen yöntemin avantajları göz önüne alındığında, geleneksel inceleme yöntemi yerine İHA'nın kullanılabileceği sonucuna varmak oldukça güvenilirdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İHA, SYM, Ortomozaik, Yol bozuklukları, Tekerlek izi, Çukur

Road Distress Measurements Using UAV

Öz

Maintenance and rehabilitation of the road are very serious actions. Therefore, road conditions should be inspected accurately before taking these actions. Manual and visual inspection in the field is the traditionally used method to monitor road conditions. However, it is time-consuming, labor-intense and costly. In addition, the traditional inspection method is unsafe directly for the inspectors and indirectly for primary users of the road, such as pedestrians and drivers. In this study, the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was used to inspect the road condition. UAV technology is becoming a valuable tool for collecting data efficiently and accurately. The proposed method involved three steps. First, several images were acquired from a UAV flight. Then, these images were used to generate a three-dimensional (3D) point cloud, digital surface model and orthomosaic. Finally, road distresses were detected and measured from two-dimensional (2D) and 3D data. The measurements obtained from the proposed methodology were compared against the measurements obtained from the traditional inspection method. It was found that both measurements produced similar results. In conclusion, the use of the UAV measurement technique was found to be suitable for detecting road distress. Given the advantages of the proposed methodology, it can also be inferred that UAVs can be used instead of the traditional inspection method.

Anahtar Kelimeler

UAV, DSM, Orthomosaic, Road distress, Rut, Pothole

Kaynakça

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