İHA'larda Kamera Kalibrasyonun Ortofoto Konum Doğruluğuna Etkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 83 - 99, 28.03.2023

Cumhur Şahin

https://doi.org/10.48123/rsgis.1207512

Cited By: 1

Öz

İnsansız hava araçları (İHA), pilotsuz otonom veya uzaktan kumandalı hava araçlarıdır. İHA'lar, metrik olmayan fotogrametrik ekipman taşıyabilen hava platformlarıdır. Bu çalışmada; DJI Phantom 4 Pro ekipmanı üzerinde bulunan kameranın iki farklı kalibrasyon değerinin iki farklı uçuş yüksekliğinden elde edilen ortofoto haritalara etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışma alanı olarak Gebze Teknik Üniversitesi kampüsü içerisinde bir alan seçilmiştir. Kameranın kalibrasyonu için PI 3000 yazılımı kullanılmış ve hesaplanan parametreler ile konvansiyonel parametreler arasındaki farklar belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca parametrelerin konum doğruluğuna etkisi araştırılmıştır. Stereo modelde yükseklik koh.’sı resim ölçeği, uçuş yüksekliği, baz uzunluğu ve resim koordinatlarının ölçme doğruluğuna bağlıdır. Resim koordinatları x, y nin ölçme doğruluğu da kalibrasyon doğruluğundan etkilendiği için Z değerinden bağımsız kalibrasyon alanı kullanılabilir. Arazi işleri, GPS ile üretilen ortofotoların coğrafi referans ve saha ölçümleri ve İHA'lar ile iki farklı yükseklikten çalışma alanının ölçümü. Büro çalışması, ortofotoların üretildiği, coğrafi referanslarının yapıldığı ve kontrol noktalarının GPS koordinatları ile analiz edildiği kısımdır. Elde edilen veriler ile alçak uçuş irtifasında kalibrasyonun karesel ortalama değerini düşürdüğü görülmüştür. Ancak 120 metre için benzer bir sonuç elde edilememiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İHA, Fotogrametri, Kamera kalibrasyonu, Ortofoto

Effect of Camera Calibration Refreshing on Orthophoto Position Accuracy in UAV Mapping

Öz

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are autonomous or remote control controlled air vehicles without a pilot. UAVs are aerial platforms capable of carrying non-metric photogrammetric equipment. In this study; the effect of two different calibration values of the camera available on the DJI Phantom 4 Pro equipment to the ortho-photo maps obtained from two different flight heights was investigated. An area within the campus of Gebze Technical University was chosen as a study area. PI 3000 software was used to calibrate the camera and the differences between the calculated parameters and the conventional parameters were determined. Also, the effect of the parameters on position accuracy was investigated. In the photogrammetric stereo model, the rms of Z depends on the picture scale, flight height, base length and the measurement accuracy of image coordinates. Since the measurement accuracy of the image coordinates x, y is also affected by the calibration accuracy, the calibration field independent of the Z value can be used. Geo-referencing and field measurements of the orthophotos produced by the GPS and measurement of the work area from two different heights with UAVs. Office work is the part where orthophotos are produced, georeferenced and analyzed with GPS coordinates of control points. The data obtained in the study reduces the rms value when recalibration is performed at a low flight altitude. However, a similar result could not be obtained for 120 meters flight altitude.

Anahtar Kelimeler

UAV, Photogrammetry, Camera calibration, Orthophoto

Kaynakça

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