Türkiye'deki Mezopotamya Dikenli Yılan Balığının (Mastacembelus mastacembelus) (Teleostei: Synbranchiformes) Populasyon Yapısı ve Moleküler Filogenisi

Öz

Mezopotamya dikenli yılan balığı Mastacembelus mastacembelus, Mezopotamya'nın Fırat ve Dicle nehri drenajlarıyla sınırlı endemik bir tatlı su balığıdır. Bu çalışmada, Mezopotamya dikenli yılan balığının Türkiye'deki genetik varyasyonunun Dicle ve Fırat nehir havzalarındaki dağılım bölgelerinden örneklerle ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, yedi popülasyondan (Aksu, Merzimen, Karasu, Sinnep, Ambar ve Zarova dereleri ve Dicle Nehri ana gövde) 15 örneğin kısmi mitokondiyal COI gen bölgesi (656 bç) sekanslanmıştır. Sekiz değişken mükleotit pozisyonu tespit edilmiş olup ve bunların üç tanesi polimorfik nükleotit olarak belirlenmiştir. Genel haplotip ve nükleotid çeşitliliği Hd= 0,642±0,081 ve π=0,00339±0,00069 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Biri Dicle Nehri Havzasından, üçü Fırat Nehri Havzasından olmak üzere dört haplotip tespit edilmiştir. Haplotip ağ analizinde en az bir mutasyon farkı olan ve ana nehir drenajları arasında haplotip paylaşımı olmayan dört haplotip belirlenmiştir. En yaygın haplotip H1 haplotipi olup ve üç Dicle popülasyonu tarafından paylaşılmaktadır. Filogenetik analizler sonucunda, Mastacembelus popülasyonlarının iki ana haplogruba ayrıldığı ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Birinci haplogrubu, Dicle Nehri havzası populasyonlarının, ikinci haplogrubu ise, Fırat Nehri havzası popülasyonlarının ve haplotiplerinin oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• population genetiği
• COI
• genetik çeşitlilik

Population Structure and Molecular Phylogeny of Mesopotamian Spiny Eel (Mastacembelus mastacembelus) (Teleostei: Synbranchiformes) in Turkey

Öz

The Mesopotamian spiny eel Mastacembelus mastacembelus is an endemic freshwater fish confined to the Euphrates and Tigris drainages of Mesopotamia. In this study, it was aimed to reveal the genetic variation of Mesopotamian spiny eel in Turkey with samples from the distribution regions in the Tigris and Euphrates river basins. For this purpose, the partial mitochondrial COI gene region (656 bp) was sequenced from 15 samples from seven populations (Aksu, Merzimen, Karasu, Sinnep, Ambar, Zarova streams and main body of Tigris River). Eight variable nucleotide positions were identified and three of which were polymorphic. Overall haplotype and nucleotide diversity are Hd= 0.642±0.081 and π=0.00339±0.00069. Four haplotypes were identified, one from the Tigris River basin, and three from the Euphrates River basin. Haplotype network analysis contains four unique haplotypes with at least one mutational step and no haplotype shared between main river drainages. The most common haplotype was H1 and three Tigris populations shared it. The phylogenetic inferences suggest that Mastacembelus populations are divided into two main clades. The first clade consists of haplotypes of the Tigris River basin while the second clade contains Euphrates River basin populations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Population genetics
• COI
• Genetic diversity
• Mesopotamian spiny eel

Kaynakça

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