Polyester Reçine ve Sille Taş Tozu Esaslı Kompozit Harçlarının Karakterizasyonu

Öz

Andezit özellikleri gösteren Sille taşı, Konya’daki tarihi yapıların restorasyonunda yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ancak bu taş, uzun süreli doğal ve çevresel etkilere maruz kalması nedeniyle bozulmaya açıktır. Bu tür hasarları önlemek amacıyla geliştirilen restorasyon stratejileri arasında onarım harçları önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Tarihi yapılarda kullanılan taşların farklı yapısal özelliklere sahip olması nedeniyle, uyumlu onarım harçlarının geliştirilmesinde taşın özelliklerinin iyi anlaşılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Sille taşı tozu (SSP) ile polyester reçine (PR) farklı oranlarda karıştırılarak elde edilen kompozit harçların mekanik, fiziksel ve mikro yapısal özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Amaç, Sille taşıyla uyumlu onarım harçları geliştirmek ve taş kesiminden kaynaklanan SSP atıklarını ekonomik değeri olan ürünlere dönüştürmektir. Bu doğrultuda, SSP’ye ağırlıkça %30, %35 ve %40 oranlarında saf polyester reçine eklenmiştir. Mekanik özellikler; basınç dayanımı, üç nokta eğilme dayanımı, çekme dayanımı ve sertlik testleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Fiziksel özellikler ise boşluk oranı ve su emme testleri ile belirlenmiştir. Mikro yapı analizleri SEM-EDS ve FTIR yöntemleriyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, kompozit harçların yapısal dayanımı artırma, su geçirmezlik sağlama ve estetik görünümü koruma açısından önemli potansiyele sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Test edilen karışımlar arasında %40 PR ve %60 SSP içeren harç, en uygun mekanik ve fiziksel özellikleri sergilemiştir. Bu oran, hem restorasyon uygulamalarında yüksek performans sağlamış hem de SSP atıklarının sürdürülebilir biçimde değerlendirilmesine katkı sunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kompozit harç
• restorasyon
• Sille taşı
• tarihi yapı onarımı
• harç karakterizasyonu

Characterization of Polyester Resin and Stone Powder Based Composite Mortars

Öz

Sille stone, exhibiting andesitic properties, is widely used in the restoration of historical structures in Konya, Türkiye. However, due to long-term exposure to natural and environmental factors, this stone is prone to deterioration. Repair mortars are among the common restoration strategies developed to prevent such damage. Since stones used in historical structures vary in composition, understanding their properties is crucial when developing compatible repair mortars. This study investigates the mechanical, physical, and microstructural properties of composite mortars produced by mixing Sille stone powder (SSP) with polyester resin (PR) at different ratios. The goal is to develop repair mortars compatible with Sille stone while also utilizing SSP waste from stone cutting as a value-added product. Pure polyester resin was mixed with SSP at 30%, 35%, and 40% by weight. Mechanical properties were evaluated through compressive strength, three-point flexural strength, tensile strength, and hardness tests. Physical properties were assessed via porosity and water absorption tests. Microstructural analyses were performed using SEM-EDS and FTIR techniques. Test results indicated that composite mortars have significant potential to enhance structural strength, improve water impermeability, and preserve aesthetic appearance. Among the tested ratios, the mixture containing 40% PR and 60% SSP exhibited the most favorable mechanical and physical properties. It was concluded that this ratio not only ensures better performance in restoration applications but also contributes to sustainability by reducing SSP waste and converting it into a cost-effective restoration material.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Composite mortar
• restoration
• Sille stone
• historical building repair
• mortar characterization

Kaynakça

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