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Kağıt Üretiminde Bakteriyel Selüloz Katkısının Dolgu Maddesi Tutunumuna Etkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 97 - 108, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.53501/rteufemud.1341933

Öz

Dünyada en çok tüketilen malzeme olan kağıt üretiminde, gelişen baskı teknolojisi ile baskı kalitesini ve yüzey düzgünlüğünü geliştirmeye yönelik artan taleplere bağlı olarak dolgu maddeleri yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada bitkisel selüloza kıyasla birçok üstün özellikleri olan ve birçok farklı endüstri alanında giderek artan kullanım alanı bulan bakteriyel selüloz (BS)’un çöktürülmüş kalsiyum karbonat (PCC) için tutundurucu etkinliği, tek başına ve ilave tutundurucu madde olarak katyonik poliakrilamid (KPAM) ile beraber araştırılmıştır. BS %5, %10 ve %15 oranlarında, kalsiyum karbonat %30 ve KPAM ise %0,02 oranlarında kullanılmıştır. Tutunumun tespiti için, süzüntü suyunun absorbansı ve üretilen kağıdın inorganik madde miktarının belirlenmesi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca kağıtların mekaniksel ve fiziksel özellikleri de tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek tutunmanın KPAM’in tek kullanımı ile elde edildiği, BS’nin kalsiyum karbonat tutunumunda tek başına sınırlı etki gösterdiği ancak kağıtların sağlamlık özelliklerini arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. Dolgu maddesi tutunumu ile oluşan direnç kayıplarının BS etkisi ile önlenebildiği, bunun için de %10 BS’nin yeterli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Abol-Fotouh, D., Hassan, M.A., Shokry, H., Roig, A., Azab, M.S., Kashyout, A. E. H. B. (2020). Bacterial nanocellulose from agro-industrial wastes: Low-cost and enhanced production by Komagataeibacter saccharivorans MD1. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 3491. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60315-9
  • Al-Mehbad, N.Y. (2004). Improving paper properties. Polymer-Plastics Technolology and Engineering, 43(3), 963-979. https://doi.org/10.1081/PPT-120038074
  • Brown, R. (1996). Physical and chemical aspects of the use of fillers in paper In: Paper Chemistry. p.194-230. (Ed: Roberts, J.C.). Dordrecht: Springer, Netherlands.
  • Campano, C., Merayo, N., Negro, C., and Blanco, Á. (2018). Low-fibrillated bacterial cellulose nanofibers as a sustainable additive to enhance recycled paper quality. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 114, 1077-1083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.170
  • Erkan, Z.E., Malayoğlu, U. (2001). Kağıt-karton sanayiinde kullanılan endüstriyel hammaddeler ve özellikleri, IV. Endüstriye Hammaddeler Sempozyumu, 18-19 Ekim, İzmir, Türkiye.
  • Ersoy Kalyoncu, E., Peşman, E. (2020). Bacterial cellulose as reinforcement in paper made from recycled waste office pulp. BioResources, 15(4), 8496-8514. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.4.8496-8514
  • Eroğlu, H., Usta, M. (2004). Kağıt ve Karton Üretim Teknolojisi Ders Kitabı Cilt I, Karadeniz Teknik Universitesi, Trabzon.
  • Fendler, A., Villanueva, M. P., Giminez, E., and Lagarón, J. M. (2007). Characterization of the barrier properties of composites of HDPE and purified cellulose fibers. Cellulose, 14, 427-438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-007-9136-x
  • Forsström, J., Torgnysdotter, A., and Wågberg, L. (2005). Influence of fibre/fibre joint strength and fibre flexibility on the strength of papers from unbleached kraft fibres. Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal, 20 (2), 186-191. https://doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2005-20-02-p186-191
  • Gao W, Chen K, Yang R, Yang F, Han W. (2011). Properties of bacterial cellulose and its influence on the physical properties of paper. BioResources 6(1), 144-153. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.1.144-153
  • Gao, M., Li, J., Bao, Z., Hu, M., Nian, R., Feng, D., An, D., Li, X., Xian, M. and Zhang, H. (2019). A natural in situ fabrication method of functional bacterial cellulose using a microorganism. Nature Communications, 10(1), 437. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07879-3
  • Gess, J.M. (1998). Retention of fines and fillers during papermaking, Tappi Pres, Atlanta, 357.
  • Güzel M, Akpınar Ö. (2018). Bakteriyel selülozların üretimi ve özellikleri ile gıda ve gıda dışı uygulamalarda kullanımı. Akademik Gıda, 16(2), 241-251. https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.449633
  • Haller, T.M., Stryker, L.J., Janson, J.A. (2001). PCC application strategies to improve papermaking profitability. Part I. Thick stock precipitated calcium carbonate. In: TAPPI Papermakers Conference Proceedings. p.98, Tappi Press, Atlanta.
  • Harben, P. (1998). CaCOs in Paper, Industrial Minerals, 366, 39-49.
  • Holmberg, M. (1999). Paper Machine Water Chemistry. In: Papermaking Chemistry. (Ed: Neimo, L.). Gummerus Printing, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
  • Hubbe M.A. and Gill, R.A. (2016). Fillers for papermaking: A review of their properties, usage practices, and their mechanistic role. BioResources, 11(1), 2886-2963. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.11.1.2886-2963
  • Iguchi, M., Mitsuhashi, S., Ichimura, K. (1988). Bacterial cellulose-containing molding material having high dynamic strength. US Patent, Patent Number: 4,742,164.
  • Johansonn, A. (2011). Correlations Between Fibre Properties and Paper Properties, Ph.D. Dissertation, KTH Royal Institute of Technology School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Karademir, A., Cetin, N.S., Tutus, A., Ozmen, N., Kurt, R., Mengeloğlu, F. (2003). Effects of CaCO3 Loading on Some Properties of Woodfree Papers, International Conference WPP, 17-19 Eylül, Brastislava, Slovak Republic.
  • Karademir, A., Chew, Y.S., Hoyland, R.W., Xiao, H. (2005). Influence of fillers on sizing efficiency and hydrolysis of alkyl ketene dimer. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 83(3), 603-606. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450830328
  • Karademir A., Varlıbaş H., Çiçek M. (2013). Kağıt üretiminde CaCO3 dolgu maddesinin kimyasal tutunması üzerine bir araştırma. SDÜ Orman Fakültesi Dergisi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi Seri: A, 14, 48-52.
  • Koubaa, A. and Koran, Z. (1995). Measure of the internal bond strength of paper/board. TAPPI Journal, 78(3), 103-111.
  • Niskanen, K.J., Alava, M.J., Seppälä, E.T., Åström, J. A. (1999). Fracture energy in fibre and bond failure. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science, 25(5), 167-169.
  • Ondaral, S. (2004). The performance of anionic polyacrylamide as a retention aid in newsprint production. Kafkas Üniversitesi Artvin Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 1-2, 24-30.
  • Pokhrel, D., Viraraghavan, T. (2004). Treatment of pulp and paper mill wastewater-A review. Science of the Total Environment, 333(1-3), 37-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.05.017
  • Sözbir T. (2015). Retansiyon Kimyasallarının Bazı Ambalaj Kağıtların Fiziksel Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisinin Araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Türkiye.
  • Tabarsa, T., Sheykhnazari, S., Ashori, A., Mashkour, M. and Khazaeian, A. (2017). Preparation and characterization of reinforced papers using nano bacterial cellulose. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 101, 334-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.108
  • Tutuş, A., Çelik, M.S. (2010). Kağıt endüstrisinde bentonit ile birlikte kullanılan polimerlerin tutunma ve kağıt özellikleri üzerine etkisi. Engineering Sciences, 5(2), 416-427.
  • Ullah, H., Wahid, F., Santos, H. A., Khan, T. (2016). Advances in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications of functional bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites. Carbohydrate Polymers, 150, 330-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.029
  • Yuan, N., Xu, L., Zhang, L., Ye, H., Zhao, J., Liu, Z., Rong, J. (2016). Superior hybrid hydrogels of polyacrylamide enhanced by bacterial cellulose nanofiber clusters. Materials Science and Engineering: C,67, 221-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.04.074
  • Yousefi, H., Faezipour, S., Hedjazi, S., Mousavi, M. M., Azusa, Y., Heidaria, A. H. (2013). Comparative study of paper and nanopaper properties prepared from bacterial cellulose nanofibers and fibres/ground cellulose nanofibers of canola straw. Industrial Crops and Products, 43, 732-737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.08.030

The Effect of Bacterial Cellulose Used as an Additive in Paper Production on Filler Retention

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 97 - 108, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.53501/rteufemud.1341933

Öz

In paper production, which is the most consumed material in the world, fillers are widely used due to the increasing demands for improving the printing quality and surface smoothness with the developing printing technology. In this study, the binding efficiency of bacterial cellulose (BS), which has many superior properties compared to natural plant cellulose and is increasingly used in many different industrial areas, for precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) was investigated alone and together with cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) as an additional binder. BS was used at the rates of 5%, 10% and 15%, PCC at 30% and CPAM at 0.02%. The absorbance of the permeate water and the determination of the amount of inorganic matter of the produced paper were used to determine the sequestration. In addition, the mechanical and physical properties of the papers were determined. It was determined that the highest adhesion was obtained with a single use of CPAM, and BS alone had a limited effect on PCC adhesion, but increased the strength properties of the papers. It has been concluded that the loss of resistance caused by the adhesion of the filler can be prevented by the effect of BS, and 10% BS is sufficient for this.

Kaynakça

  • Abol-Fotouh, D., Hassan, M.A., Shokry, H., Roig, A., Azab, M.S., Kashyout, A. E. H. B. (2020). Bacterial nanocellulose from agro-industrial wastes: Low-cost and enhanced production by Komagataeibacter saccharivorans MD1. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 3491. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60315-9
  • Al-Mehbad, N.Y. (2004). Improving paper properties. Polymer-Plastics Technolology and Engineering, 43(3), 963-979. https://doi.org/10.1081/PPT-120038074
  • Brown, R. (1996). Physical and chemical aspects of the use of fillers in paper In: Paper Chemistry. p.194-230. (Ed: Roberts, J.C.). Dordrecht: Springer, Netherlands.
  • Campano, C., Merayo, N., Negro, C., and Blanco, Á. (2018). Low-fibrillated bacterial cellulose nanofibers as a sustainable additive to enhance recycled paper quality. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 114, 1077-1083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.170
  • Erkan, Z.E., Malayoğlu, U. (2001). Kağıt-karton sanayiinde kullanılan endüstriyel hammaddeler ve özellikleri, IV. Endüstriye Hammaddeler Sempozyumu, 18-19 Ekim, İzmir, Türkiye.
  • Ersoy Kalyoncu, E., Peşman, E. (2020). Bacterial cellulose as reinforcement in paper made from recycled waste office pulp. BioResources, 15(4), 8496-8514. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.4.8496-8514
  • Eroğlu, H., Usta, M. (2004). Kağıt ve Karton Üretim Teknolojisi Ders Kitabı Cilt I, Karadeniz Teknik Universitesi, Trabzon.
  • Fendler, A., Villanueva, M. P., Giminez, E., and Lagarón, J. M. (2007). Characterization of the barrier properties of composites of HDPE and purified cellulose fibers. Cellulose, 14, 427-438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-007-9136-x
  • Forsström, J., Torgnysdotter, A., and Wågberg, L. (2005). Influence of fibre/fibre joint strength and fibre flexibility on the strength of papers from unbleached kraft fibres. Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal, 20 (2), 186-191. https://doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2005-20-02-p186-191
  • Gao W, Chen K, Yang R, Yang F, Han W. (2011). Properties of bacterial cellulose and its influence on the physical properties of paper. BioResources 6(1), 144-153. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.1.144-153
  • Gao, M., Li, J., Bao, Z., Hu, M., Nian, R., Feng, D., An, D., Li, X., Xian, M. and Zhang, H. (2019). A natural in situ fabrication method of functional bacterial cellulose using a microorganism. Nature Communications, 10(1), 437. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07879-3
  • Gess, J.M. (1998). Retention of fines and fillers during papermaking, Tappi Pres, Atlanta, 357.
  • Güzel M, Akpınar Ö. (2018). Bakteriyel selülozların üretimi ve özellikleri ile gıda ve gıda dışı uygulamalarda kullanımı. Akademik Gıda, 16(2), 241-251. https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.449633
  • Haller, T.M., Stryker, L.J., Janson, J.A. (2001). PCC application strategies to improve papermaking profitability. Part I. Thick stock precipitated calcium carbonate. In: TAPPI Papermakers Conference Proceedings. p.98, Tappi Press, Atlanta.
  • Harben, P. (1998). CaCOs in Paper, Industrial Minerals, 366, 39-49.
  • Holmberg, M. (1999). Paper Machine Water Chemistry. In: Papermaking Chemistry. (Ed: Neimo, L.). Gummerus Printing, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
  • Hubbe M.A. and Gill, R.A. (2016). Fillers for papermaking: A review of their properties, usage practices, and their mechanistic role. BioResources, 11(1), 2886-2963. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.11.1.2886-2963
  • Iguchi, M., Mitsuhashi, S., Ichimura, K. (1988). Bacterial cellulose-containing molding material having high dynamic strength. US Patent, Patent Number: 4,742,164.
  • Johansonn, A. (2011). Correlations Between Fibre Properties and Paper Properties, Ph.D. Dissertation, KTH Royal Institute of Technology School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Karademir, A., Cetin, N.S., Tutus, A., Ozmen, N., Kurt, R., Mengeloğlu, F. (2003). Effects of CaCO3 Loading on Some Properties of Woodfree Papers, International Conference WPP, 17-19 Eylül, Brastislava, Slovak Republic.
  • Karademir, A., Chew, Y.S., Hoyland, R.W., Xiao, H. (2005). Influence of fillers on sizing efficiency and hydrolysis of alkyl ketene dimer. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 83(3), 603-606. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450830328
  • Karademir A., Varlıbaş H., Çiçek M. (2013). Kağıt üretiminde CaCO3 dolgu maddesinin kimyasal tutunması üzerine bir araştırma. SDÜ Orman Fakültesi Dergisi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi Seri: A, 14, 48-52.
  • Koubaa, A. and Koran, Z. (1995). Measure of the internal bond strength of paper/board. TAPPI Journal, 78(3), 103-111.
  • Niskanen, K.J., Alava, M.J., Seppälä, E.T., Åström, J. A. (1999). Fracture energy in fibre and bond failure. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science, 25(5), 167-169.
  • Ondaral, S. (2004). The performance of anionic polyacrylamide as a retention aid in newsprint production. Kafkas Üniversitesi Artvin Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 1-2, 24-30.
  • Pokhrel, D., Viraraghavan, T. (2004). Treatment of pulp and paper mill wastewater-A review. Science of the Total Environment, 333(1-3), 37-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.05.017
  • Sözbir T. (2015). Retansiyon Kimyasallarının Bazı Ambalaj Kağıtların Fiziksel Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisinin Araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Türkiye.
  • Tabarsa, T., Sheykhnazari, S., Ashori, A., Mashkour, M. and Khazaeian, A. (2017). Preparation and characterization of reinforced papers using nano bacterial cellulose. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 101, 334-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.108
  • Tutuş, A., Çelik, M.S. (2010). Kağıt endüstrisinde bentonit ile birlikte kullanılan polimerlerin tutunma ve kağıt özellikleri üzerine etkisi. Engineering Sciences, 5(2), 416-427.
  • Ullah, H., Wahid, F., Santos, H. A., Khan, T. (2016). Advances in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications of functional bacterial cellulose-based nanocomposites. Carbohydrate Polymers, 150, 330-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.029
  • Yuan, N., Xu, L., Zhang, L., Ye, H., Zhao, J., Liu, Z., Rong, J. (2016). Superior hybrid hydrogels of polyacrylamide enhanced by bacterial cellulose nanofiber clusters. Materials Science and Engineering: C,67, 221-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.04.074
  • Yousefi, H., Faezipour, S., Hedjazi, S., Mousavi, M. M., Azusa, Y., Heidaria, A. H. (2013). Comparative study of paper and nanopaper properties prepared from bacterial cellulose nanofibers and fibres/ground cellulose nanofibers of canola straw. Industrial Crops and Products, 43, 732-737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.08.030
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Lif ve Kağıt Teknolojisi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Bora Göktürk 0000-0003-4558-5463

Evren Ersoy Kalyoncu 0000-0002-4538-7187

Emrah Peşman 0000-0003-0189-4715

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 28 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Göktürk, B., Ersoy Kalyoncu, E., & Peşman, E. (2023). Kağıt Üretiminde Bakteriyel Selüloz Katkısının Dolgu Maddesi Tutunumuna Etkisi. Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Journal of Science and Engineering, 4(2), 97-108. https://doi.org/10.53501/rteufemud.1341933

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