Meslek sosyolojisi çerçevesinde Türkiye’de çevirmenliğin meslekleşme süreci üzerine kapsamlı bir inceleme

Öz

Çeviride meslekleşme çeviribilim literatüründe sosyolojik yaklaşımlar çerçevesinde yakın zamanda irdelenmeye başlanan bir araştırma alanıdır. Meslekleşme bir işin veya çalışma alanının, meslek olma yolunda gerekli olan belirli kriterleri tamamlayarak, mesleksel statüsünün yükseldiği bir süreç olarak tanımlanabilir. Çeviribilim literatüründe çevirmenlik mesleği ve çevirmenlerin farklı ülkelerdeki durumunu inceleyen çalışmaların sayısı fazla değildir. Bu çalışmanın amacı çevirmenliğin Türkiye’deki meslekleşme sürecini meslek sosyolojisi çerçevesinde analiz etmektir. Çevirmenlik, Türkiye’de, dünyanın pek çok ülkesinde olduğu gibi, henüz meslekleşme ölçütlerini tamamlamış bir meslek konumunda değildir. Öte yandan, akademik çeviri eğitimi programları ve farklı çeviri alanlarında faaliyet gösteren çevirmen örgütlerinin varlığı ve resmi düzenlemelere yönelik Mesleki Yeterlilik Kurumunun liderliğinde son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar Türkiye çevirmenliğin meslekleşme yolunda umut vaat eden bir profil çizdiğini göstermektedir. Özellikle 2013 yılında yayınlanmış olan Çevirmen Ulusal Meslek Standardı ve farklı çeviri alt-alanları için hazırlanmış ve 2019 yılında taslak olarak yayınlanmış olan mesleki yeterlilik belgeleri Türkiye’de yakın zamanda iyi yapılandırılmış bir çevirmen sertifikasyon sisteminin kurulacağını işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çevirmenlik mesleği
• çevirmen
• meslekleşme
• meslek sosyolojisi
• çeviri sektörü

An in-depth analysis of the professionalization process of the translation profession in Turkey from the perspective of the sociology of professions

Abstract

Professionalization of translation has emerged as a recent field of research in the sociological approach in the relevant literature in translation studies. Professionalization can simply be described as a process covering several occupational attributes at the end of which an occupation upgrades its status. Studies investigating the translation profession and the status of translators in different countries are not high in number in translation studies literature. The present study aims at analyzing the current status of the translation profession in Turkey, drawing on the the professionalization process in the sociology of professions which aims to describe certain factors (traits, criteria) for an occupation to be accepted as a profession in this process. Translation is currently not a full-fledged profession in Turkey, like in most other countries around the world. However, the existence of translator education programs in universities, various translator associations and other developments related to legal procedures, particularly recent attempts of the Vocational Qualifications Institution suggest that the profession of translation in Turkey is a promising example on the way to professionalization. Especially recent developments linked to the release of a National Professional Standard for Translators/Interpreters established in 2013 and national qualifications in six different fields of translation (draft versions released in 2019) indicate the establishment of a well-founded translator certification system in Turkey soon.

Keywords

• Translation profession
• translator/interpreter
• professionalization
• the sociology of professions
• translation market

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