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“Yuva gibisi yok”: Rüşdi’nin “Yakut Pabuçların Müzayedesinde” adlı öyküsünde “yuva” sözcüğünü kavramlaştırmasının Derridacı bir analizi

Yıl 2020, Sayı: Ö8, 534 - 547, 21.11.2020
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.816970

Öz

Salman Rüşdi (1947) postmodern tarzda yazan ünlü postkolonyal yazarlardan biridir. Yazarın kısa öykü koleksiyonlardan biri olan Doğu, Batı (1992) adlı eseri mantık merkezli ikilikleri sorunsallaştırır. Yazarın “Yakut Pabuçların Müzayedesinde” başlıklı öyküsü bu koleksiyondaki öykülerden biridir. Bu öykü, küçük kız Dorothy’nin önce memleketi Kansas’tan göç etmek isteğini sonra ise misafir olduğu Oz adlı ülkedeki pastoral ortamı, yeni arkadaşlıkları ve güzel deneyimleri bırakarak Kansas’a geri dönme çabasını anlatan L. F. Baum’un Oz Büyücüsü (1900) adlı fantastik çocuk romanından uyarlanan 1939 tarihli filme dayanan büyülü gerçekçi bir eserdir. Dorothy’yi Kansas’a geri götüren pabuçların müzayedesinde geçen Rüşdi’nin öyküsü, anlatıcı ve diğer karakterlerin “yuva” arayışını anlatır. Bu çalışma, sözü edilen öykünün, göçmelerin anavatanına karşılık gelen postkolonyal “yuva” kavramının parodisini yaptığını iddia etmektedir. Ayrıca, öykünün; Dorothy’nin evine dönmesini sağlayan fantastik Oz dünyasının aksine distopik kapitalist toplumda “yuva” kavramın fiziksel ya da kültürel uzam olarak anlamını yitirdiğini göstererek bu sözcüğü yeniden kavramlaştırdığını ileri sürmektedir. O yüzden, bu postmodern öyküyü Rüşdi’nin filmle ilgili deneme yazılarının yanı sıra Jacques Derrida’nın “arşiv”, “ayıram” ve “eklenti” gibi terimleri çerçevesinde ele almaktadır. Öykünün analizi “yuva” sözcüğünün kavramlaşmasındaki imlemeler oyununu ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Çalışma, öykünün nihai imleyen ve imlenenin ertelenmesiyle Baum’un romanındaki “yuva” imleneni nasıl merkezsizleştirdiğini göstermektedir. Böylece, çok kültürlü materyalist dünya sakinlerinin; yaşamlarında yoksun oldukları ve maddiyatla bir türlü erişemedikleri her şeyin sürekli değişen göreceli bir metaforu olan “yuva”nın özlemini çeken ve çaresizce arayışında olan sürgünlerden ibaret olduğu sonucuna varmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Baum, L. F. (1900). The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. Chicago and New York: Geo. M. Hill Co.
  • Bauska, K. (Winter 1976). “The Land of Oz and the American Dream,” Markham Review 5: 22-24.
  • Baysal, K. (2015). “Surviving History: Kate Chopin” Ars Aeterna, Vol. 7, No. 1: 1-9.
  • Bhabha, H. (1994). The Location of Culture. London: Routledge.
  • Boehmer, E. (1995). Colonial and Postcolonial Literature: Migrant Metaphors. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Burr, V. (1995). An Introduction to Social Constructionism. London: Routledge.
  • Derrida, J. (1982). “Différance”, Margins of Philosophy. Trans. Alan Bass. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 3-27.
  • Derrida, J. (1993). Aporias. Trans. Thomas Dutoit. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
  • Derrida, J. (1997). Of Grammatology. Trans. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak. Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press.
  • Derrida, J. (1998). Archive Fever. Trans. Eric Perenowitz. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Derrida, J. (2003). Deconstruction. Ed. Jonathan Culler. London: Routledge.
  • Derrida, J. (2009). Writing and Difference. Trans. Alan Bass. London: Routledge.
  • Derrida, J. (2010). Copy, Archive, Signature: A Conversation on Photography. Ed. and Intr. Gerhard Richter. Trans. Jeff Fort. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Durden, M. (2013). Fifty Key Writers on Photography. Oxon: Routledge. ................
  • Eagleton, T. (1994). “Deadly Fetishes,” London Review of Books, Vol. 16, No. 19, October: 20.
  • Haffenden, J. (2000). “Salman Rushdie”, Conversations with Salman Rushdie. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 30-57.
  • Littlefield, H. M. (1964). “The Wizard of Oz: Parable of Populism.” American Quarterly 16: 47–58.
  • Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Populist. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved June 14, 2020, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/populist
  • Parker, D. B. (1994). “The Rise and Fall of the Wonderful Wizard of Oz as a ‘Parable. On Populism”, Journal of the Georgia Association of Historians 15: 49-63.
  • Reder, M. (2000). Conversations with Salman Rushdie. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.
  • Richter, G. (2010). “Between Translation and Invention: The Photograph in Deconstruction,” Copy, Archive, Signature: A Conversation on Photography. Ed. and Intr. Gerhard Richter. Trans. Jeff Fort. Stanford: Stanford University Press, ix-1.
  • Rushdie, S. (1991). Imaginary Homelands: Essays and Criticism 1981-1991. London: Granta Books.
  • Rushdie, S. (1992). The Wizard of OZ: BFI Film Classics. London: British Film Institute.
  • Rushdie, S. (1994). “At the Auction of the Ruby Slippers,” East, West: Stories. New York: Vintage, 86-103.
  • Rushdie, S. (2002). Step Across This Line: Collected Non-Fiction 1992-2002. New York: Random House.
  • Sackett, S. J. (1983). “The Utopia of Oz,” The Wizard of Oz, Critical Heritage Series, ed. by Michael Patrick Hearn. New York: Schocken Books, 142-57.
  • Said, E. W. (2003). Orientalism. 5th ed. London: Penguin Classics.
  • Sanga, J C. (2001). Salman Rushdie’s Postcolonial Metaphors: Migration, Translation, Hybridity, Blasphemy, and Globalization. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
  • Taylor, Q P. (2005). “Money and Politics in the Land of Oz”, The Independent Review, v. IX, n. 3, pp. 413–426.
  • Tivnan, T. “Rushdie: Publishers front line in free speech battle”, The Bookseller, Oct. 13, 2015. https://www.thebookseller.com/news/rushdie-publishers-front-line-free-speech-battle-314318

-“There is no place like home”: A Derridean analysis of Rushdie’s conceptualisation of “home” in “At the Auction of the Ruby Slippers”

Yıl 2020, Sayı: Ö8, 534 - 547, 21.11.2020
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.816970

Öz

Salman Rushdie (1947) is one of the prominent postcolonial authors writing in a postmodern style. East, West (1992), which is one of his short story collections, problematizes logocentric binaries. “At the Auction of Ruby Slippers” is one of the stories in the collection. The story is a magical realist work based on the movie The Wizard of Oz (1939), which was adapted from L. F. Baum’s children’s fantasy novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900) depicting little girl Dorothy’s, first, aspiration to migrate from her homeland Kansas, then her struggle to return there, leaving the idyllic atmosphere, new friendships and good experiences in the host land Oz. The story, set in the auction of the slippers, which take Dorothy back to Kansas, tells about the narrator and the other characters’ quest for “home”. The study argues that the story parodies the postcolonial concept of “home” which refers to the native country for immigrants. Moreover, it suggests that the story reconceptualizes the concept of “home”, indicating that it has lost its meaning as a physical or cultural space in a dystopian capitalist society in contrast to the fantasy world of Oz, which enables Dorothy to return her house. Therefore, the postmodern story is examined within the framework of Jacques Derrida’s terms such as “archive”, “différance” and “supplementary” in addition to Rushdie’s essays on the movie. The analysis of the story reveals the play of significations in the conceptuality of “home”. It indicates how the story decentres the signified “home” in Baum’s novel within the postponement of an ultimate signifier and signified. Thus, this study concludes that inhabitants of the multicultural materialistic world are indeed exiles longing and desperately searching for “home”, which is an ever-changing relative metaphor for everything they are deprived of and cannot just attain through materiality in their lives.

Kaynakça

  • Baum, L. F. (1900). The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. Chicago and New York: Geo. M. Hill Co.
  • Bauska, K. (Winter 1976). “The Land of Oz and the American Dream,” Markham Review 5: 22-24.
  • Baysal, K. (2015). “Surviving History: Kate Chopin” Ars Aeterna, Vol. 7, No. 1: 1-9.
  • Bhabha, H. (1994). The Location of Culture. London: Routledge.
  • Boehmer, E. (1995). Colonial and Postcolonial Literature: Migrant Metaphors. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Burr, V. (1995). An Introduction to Social Constructionism. London: Routledge.
  • Derrida, J. (1982). “Différance”, Margins of Philosophy. Trans. Alan Bass. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 3-27.
  • Derrida, J. (1993). Aporias. Trans. Thomas Dutoit. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
  • Derrida, J. (1997). Of Grammatology. Trans. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak. Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press.
  • Derrida, J. (1998). Archive Fever. Trans. Eric Perenowitz. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Derrida, J. (2003). Deconstruction. Ed. Jonathan Culler. London: Routledge.
  • Derrida, J. (2009). Writing and Difference. Trans. Alan Bass. London: Routledge.
  • Derrida, J. (2010). Copy, Archive, Signature: A Conversation on Photography. Ed. and Intr. Gerhard Richter. Trans. Jeff Fort. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
  • Durden, M. (2013). Fifty Key Writers on Photography. Oxon: Routledge. ................
  • Eagleton, T. (1994). “Deadly Fetishes,” London Review of Books, Vol. 16, No. 19, October: 20.
  • Haffenden, J. (2000). “Salman Rushdie”, Conversations with Salman Rushdie. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 30-57.
  • Littlefield, H. M. (1964). “The Wizard of Oz: Parable of Populism.” American Quarterly 16: 47–58.
  • Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Populist. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved June 14, 2020, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/populist
  • Parker, D. B. (1994). “The Rise and Fall of the Wonderful Wizard of Oz as a ‘Parable. On Populism”, Journal of the Georgia Association of Historians 15: 49-63.
  • Reder, M. (2000). Conversations with Salman Rushdie. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.
  • Richter, G. (2010). “Between Translation and Invention: The Photograph in Deconstruction,” Copy, Archive, Signature: A Conversation on Photography. Ed. and Intr. Gerhard Richter. Trans. Jeff Fort. Stanford: Stanford University Press, ix-1.
  • Rushdie, S. (1991). Imaginary Homelands: Essays and Criticism 1981-1991. London: Granta Books.
  • Rushdie, S. (1992). The Wizard of OZ: BFI Film Classics. London: British Film Institute.
  • Rushdie, S. (1994). “At the Auction of the Ruby Slippers,” East, West: Stories. New York: Vintage, 86-103.
  • Rushdie, S. (2002). Step Across This Line: Collected Non-Fiction 1992-2002. New York: Random House.
  • Sackett, S. J. (1983). “The Utopia of Oz,” The Wizard of Oz, Critical Heritage Series, ed. by Michael Patrick Hearn. New York: Schocken Books, 142-57.
  • Said, E. W. (2003). Orientalism. 5th ed. London: Penguin Classics.
  • Sanga, J C. (2001). Salman Rushdie’s Postcolonial Metaphors: Migration, Translation, Hybridity, Blasphemy, and Globalization. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
  • Taylor, Q P. (2005). “Money and Politics in the Land of Oz”, The Independent Review, v. IX, n. 3, pp. 413–426.
  • Tivnan, T. “Rushdie: Publishers front line in free speech battle”, The Bookseller, Oct. 13, 2015. https://www.thebookseller.com/news/rushdie-publishers-front-line-free-speech-battle-314318
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Dilbilim
Bölüm Dünya dilleri ve edebiyatları
Yazarlar

Nilay Erdem Ayyıldız Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-1779-8464

Yayımlanma Tarihi 21 Kasım 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Sayı: Ö8

Kaynak Göster

APA Erdem Ayyıldız, N. (2020). -“There is no place like home”: A Derridean analysis of Rushdie’s conceptualisation of “home” in “At the Auction of the Ruby Slippers”. RumeliDE Dil Ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi(Ö8), 534-547. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.816970

RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.