Araştırma Makalesi
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Meredith’in One of Our Conquerors eserine maskülinist bir bakış: eril anksiyete oluşumunda hegemonik, etik ve dini normların rolü

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 28, 549 - 558, 21.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1132598

Öz

Erkeklik çalışmaları, erkekliklerin inşası ile ilgili sorulara cevap arayan ve bu inşa sürecinin farklı sosyal, kültürel ve tarihsel kontekstlerde nasıl değişiklikler gösterdiğini inceleyen yeni bir araştırma alanıdır. Bu alan, öncelikle eril bireylerin reddetme ya da içselleştirme yoluyla hegemonik erkeklik normlarına verdikleri yanıtı incelemeyi amaçlamakta ve toplumsal cinsiyet sorunlarının çözümüne ancak erkekliklerin inşasını anlayarak kavuşulabileceği düşüncesiyle erkeklik kavramının detaylı olarak incelenmesinin hayati önemini vurgulamaktadır. Edebiyatta erkeklik çalışmaları ise bu analiz sürecini edebi metinlerdeki erkeklik inşalarını incelemek suretiyle destekler. George Meredith’in 1891 yılında, yani on dokuzuncu yüzyıl sonunun başlangıcında yazmış olduğu One of Our Conquerors adlı eseri, hüküm sürmekte olan ataerkil düzeni eleştirmesi ve hegemonik erkeklik normlarının eril bireylerin psikolojileri üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini göstermesi açısından maskülinist metinlerin başarılı bir örneğidir. Okuyucuya hegemonik erkeklik normlarının idealize ettiği beklentileri karşılamakta başarısız bir erkek ana karakter betimlemesi sunan roman, aynı zamanda hegemonik cinsiyet normlarının hegemonik olmayan ya da alternatif erkeklikler üzerindeki ciddi etkilerini gözler önüne sererek bu normların eril anksiyetenin oluşumuna ne şekilde yol açtığını göstermektedir. Bu nedenle çalışmanın amacı Meredith’in One of Our Conquerors romanındaki erkeklik betimlemelerini analiz ederek gerek erkekliklerin inşa sürecinde gerekse eril anksiyete oluşumunda hegemonik, etik ve dini normların rolünü ortaya koymak ve gelişmekte olan edebiyatta erkeklik çalışmaları literatürüne katkı sağlamaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Bradstock, A., Sean G., Anne H., & Morgan, S. (2000). Masculinity and spirituality in Victorian culture. Great Britain: Macmillan Press Ltd.
  • Chapman, R. (1961). Father Faber. Westminster Md: Newman Press.
  • Collins, J.P. (1912). Conversations with George Meredith. The North American Review, 196 (685), 830-843.
  • Edley, N. (2006). Never the twain shall meet: a critical appraisal of the combination of discourse and psychoanalytic theory in studies of men and masculinity. Springer Science+ Business Media. 601-608.
  • Engelhardt, C. (2000). Victorian masculinity and the virgin Mary. Masculinity and spirituality in Victorian culture. (pp. 44-57). Great Britain: Macmillan Press.
  • Healey, P. (2000). Man apart: priesthood and homosexuality at the end of the nineteenth century. Masculinity and spirituality in Victorian culture. (pp.100-115). Great Britain: Macmillan Press.
  • Hobbs, A. (2013). Masculinity studies and literature. Literature Compass, 10 (4), 383-395.
  • Horlacher, S. (2011). Constructions of masculinity in British literature from the middle ages to the present. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Mallet, P. (2015). The Victorian novel and masculinity. UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • McNally, R J. (2012). Fear, anxiety, and their disorders. J. Plamper & B. Lazier (Eds). Fear: across the disciplines (pp. 15-34). Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
  • Meredith, G. (1891). One of our conquerors. Retrieved from https://libgen.is/fiction/CD6AC1D7EE99C95E896EB582E6D06DAA
  • Morris, Robert R. (1973). Freud and theology. Journal of Religion and Health, 12 (2), 189-201.
  • Reeser, T. W. (2010). Masculinities in theory: an introduction. West Sussex: Wiley& Blackwell.
  • Roden, F. S. (2000). Aelred of Riavaulx, same sex desire and the Victorian monastery. Masculinity and spirituality in Victorian culture. (pp. 85-99). Great Britain: Macmillan Press.
  • Roberts, A. M. (1995). Anxious Men. Retrieved from https://academic.oup.com/english/article-abstract/44/180/272/494977.
  • Smart, G. & Amelia Y. (2008). Introduction: Victorian masculinities. Critical Survey, 20 (3), 1-5.
  • Sussman, H. (1995). Victorian masculinities: manhood and masculine poetics in early Victorian literature and art. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Sussman, H. (2012). Masculine identities: the history and meaning of manliness. USA: Abc Clio.

A masculinist look at Meredith’s One of Our Conquerors: Hegemonic, ethical and religious masculinity norms as determinant factors in the formation of male anxiety*

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 28, 549 - 558, 21.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1132598

Öz

The field of masculinity studies is a recent branch of research, which seeks answers to questions concerning the construction of masculinities and examines how the construction process differs in different societal, cultural, and historical contexts. Primarily aiming at investigating how male individuals respond to hegemonic masculinity norms either through their rejection or internalisation, the field emphasizes that the close analysis of the concept of masculinity is of great importance since it is impossible to find solutions to problems regarding to gender issues without understanding masculinities. Literary masculinity studies empower this close analysis by foregrounding the construction of masculinities in literary texts. George Meredith’s One of Our Conquerors, which was written in 1891, at the beginning of the nineteenth century fin de siècle, is a successful example of literary texts which present a kind of critique of the prevailing patriarchal ideologies and of the damaging effects of hegemonic masculinity norms on psychologies of male individuals. Through its portrayal of a male protagonist who experiences a striking failure in conforming to the hegemonic masculinity expectations, the novel demonstrates the severe consequences of hegemonic gender expectations on non-hegemonic or alternative masculinities. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of hegemonic, ethical, and religious norms in the construction of masculine identities as well as in the occurrence of male anxiety through analysing masculinity portrayals in the novel.

Kaynakça

  • Bradstock, A., Sean G., Anne H., & Morgan, S. (2000). Masculinity and spirituality in Victorian culture. Great Britain: Macmillan Press Ltd.
  • Chapman, R. (1961). Father Faber. Westminster Md: Newman Press.
  • Collins, J.P. (1912). Conversations with George Meredith. The North American Review, 196 (685), 830-843.
  • Edley, N. (2006). Never the twain shall meet: a critical appraisal of the combination of discourse and psychoanalytic theory in studies of men and masculinity. Springer Science+ Business Media. 601-608.
  • Engelhardt, C. (2000). Victorian masculinity and the virgin Mary. Masculinity and spirituality in Victorian culture. (pp. 44-57). Great Britain: Macmillan Press.
  • Healey, P. (2000). Man apart: priesthood and homosexuality at the end of the nineteenth century. Masculinity and spirituality in Victorian culture. (pp.100-115). Great Britain: Macmillan Press.
  • Hobbs, A. (2013). Masculinity studies and literature. Literature Compass, 10 (4), 383-395.
  • Horlacher, S. (2011). Constructions of masculinity in British literature from the middle ages to the present. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Mallet, P. (2015). The Victorian novel and masculinity. UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • McNally, R J. (2012). Fear, anxiety, and their disorders. J. Plamper & B. Lazier (Eds). Fear: across the disciplines (pp. 15-34). Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
  • Meredith, G. (1891). One of our conquerors. Retrieved from https://libgen.is/fiction/CD6AC1D7EE99C95E896EB582E6D06DAA
  • Morris, Robert R. (1973). Freud and theology. Journal of Religion and Health, 12 (2), 189-201.
  • Reeser, T. W. (2010). Masculinities in theory: an introduction. West Sussex: Wiley& Blackwell.
  • Roden, F. S. (2000). Aelred of Riavaulx, same sex desire and the Victorian monastery. Masculinity and spirituality in Victorian culture. (pp. 85-99). Great Britain: Macmillan Press.
  • Roberts, A. M. (1995). Anxious Men. Retrieved from https://academic.oup.com/english/article-abstract/44/180/272/494977.
  • Smart, G. & Amelia Y. (2008). Introduction: Victorian masculinities. Critical Survey, 20 (3), 1-5.
  • Sussman, H. (1995). Victorian masculinities: manhood and masculine poetics in early Victorian literature and art. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Sussman, H. (2012). Masculine identities: the history and meaning of manliness. USA: Abc Clio.
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Dilbilim
Bölüm Dünya dilleri, kültürleri ve edebiyatları
Yazarlar

Özlem Yılmaz Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-6906-3825

Yayımlanma Tarihi 21 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Sayı: 28

Kaynak Göster

APA Yılmaz, Ö. (2022). A masculinist look at Meredith’s One of Our Conquerors: Hegemonic, ethical and religious masculinity norms as determinant factors in the formation of male anxiety*. RumeliDE Dil Ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi(28), 549-558. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1132598