Araştırma Makalesi
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Ders kitaplarındaki söz edimlerinin özgünlüğü: İstek ve ret üzerine bir çalışma

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 32, 1673 - 1694, 21.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1227410

Öz

Yemek siparişi vermek veya bir daveti reddetmek gibi iletişimsel görevleri gerçekleştirmek için anadili konuşurlarıyla yanlış anlama olmaksızın düzgün bir şekilde iletişim kurabilmek için dil öğrenicilerinin söz edimleri gibi edimbilimsel birimlere ilişkin hedef dildeki sosyokültürel bilgiyi edinmeleri gerekmektedir. Öğrenicilere hedef dilin sosyokültürel özelliklerine erişim imkânı sağlayan dilsel girdi kaynaklarından biri ders kitaplarıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ikinci dil (D2) Türkçe ders kitaplarındaki söz edimlerinin özgünlüğünü ve strateji çeşitlerini incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda, üç farklı B2 düzeyi D2 Türkçe ders kitabındaki diyaloglarda bulunan istek ve ret strateji tipleri içerik analizi yoluyla sınıflandırılmıştır. Daha sonra bu diyalogları içeren özgünlük anketi 50 anadili Türkçe konuşuruyla uygulanmış ve katılımcılardan diyalogların kulağa ne kadar doğal gediğini değerlendirmeleri istenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular incelenen kitaplardaki strateji çeşitlerinin dolaylılık yönünden konuşurlar arasındaki güç ve yakınlık değişkelerine göre Türkçedeki doğal kullanımı yansıttığı görülmüştür. Anketten elde edilen bulgular ise anadili Türkçe konuşurlarının diyalogları tamamen doğal değil doğal bulduğunu, yani bu sözcelerde yine de doğal olmayan bir şey olduğunu düşündüklerini göstermiştir. Sınırlılıklar ve öneriler makalede tartışılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Aksu Raffard, C. (2018). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi bağlamında söz edimleri başarı koşulları ve gerçekleştirme biçimlerine yönelik bir karşılaştırma. International Journal of Language Academy, 6(5), 46-69.
  • Altun Alkan, H. (2019). Rica ediminin Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenler tarafından kullanımları Published Master’s Thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Aşık, A., & Ekşi, G. (2016).Coursebooks and spoken discourse: The issue of authenticity with discussion over corpus and feedback from native speakers. In İ. H. Mirici, İ. H. Erten, H. Öz and I. Vodopija-Krstanović (Ed.), Research Papers on Teaching English as an Additional Language içinde (s.89-102). Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Rijeka: Croatia.
  • Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2013). Developing L2 pragmatics. Language Learning, 63(1), 68–86.
  • Basra, S. M., & Thoyyibah, L. (2017). A speech act analysis of teacher talk in an EFL class-room. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 73-81. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ije.v10i1.6848
  • Bayat, N. (2017). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde şikâyet ve özür edimine ilişkin görünümler. Pamukkale Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14, 1-16.
  • Beebe, L., M., Takahashi, T., & Uliss-Weltz, R. (1990). Pragmatic transfer in ESL refusals. R. C. Scarcelle, E. Anderson, ve S. C. Krashen (Ed.), Developing Communicative Competence in a Second Language içinde (s. 55-73). Newbury House, New York.
  • Blum-Kulka, S., & Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross-cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP) Applied Linguistics, 5(3), 196-213. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/5.3.196.
  • Blum-Kulka, S.,House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989). Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, N.J: Ablex.
  • Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Carter, R., & Nunan, D. (2001). The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge University Press.
  • Cohen, A.D., & Ishihara, N. (2013). Pragmatics. In B. Tomlinson (Ed.). Applied Linguistics and Materials Development (pp. 113–126). London: Bloomsbury Academic. Retrieved May 22, 2022, from http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472541567.ch-008
  • Crystal, D., & Davy, D. (1975). Advanced conversational English. Harlow: Longman..
  • Durmuş, M. (2013). İkinci/Yabancı dil öğretiminde özgün ve değiştirilmiş dilsel girdi üzerine. International Journal for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 8(1), 1291-1306.
  • Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford:Oxford University Press.
  • Félix-Brasdefer, C. (2013). Refusing in L2 Spanish: The effects of the context of learning during a short-term study abroad program. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.147-173). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual: Essays of face to face behavior. New York, NY: Anchor
  • Gudykunst, W.B. ve TingToomey, S. (1988). Culture and Interpersonal Communication. Newburry Park: Sage Publications.
  • Gumperz, J. J. (1972). Sociolinguistics and Communication in Small Groups. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books
  • Hall, E.T. (1976). Beyond Culture. New York: Doubleday.
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Workrelated Values. London: Sage Publications.
  • Harmer, J. (1991). Practice of English language teaching. London ; New York : Longman
  • Hymes, D. H. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.
  • Johnson, J., & Rosano, T. (1993). Relation of cognitive style to metaphor interpretation and second language proficiency. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14(2), 159–159.
  • Kecskes, I. (2000). A cognitive-pragmatic approach to situation-bound utterances. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, 605-625.
  • Kılıçkaya, F. (2004). Authentic materials andculture content in EFL classrooms. The Internet ELT Journal, 10(7).
  • Kılınç, A. K. (2019). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde/öğreniminde istek (rica) söz edimi (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Kökcü, Ş., & Ortaçtepe Hart, D. (2022). Turkish EFL learners’ interpretation of metaphors, International Review of Pragmatics, 14(1), 95-114. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/18773109-01401004
  • Kurdghelaashvili, T. (2015). Speech acts and politeness strategies in an EFL classroom in Georgia. International Journal of Cognitive and Language Science, 9(1), 306-309.
  • Leech, G. (1983). Principles of pragmatics, London, UK: Longman.
  • Li, R., Raja Suleiman, R., & Sazalie, A. (2015). An Investigation into Chinese EFL Learners‟ Pragmatic Competence. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 15(2), 101-118.
  • Li, G., & Zhou, W. (2018). Authentic materials in EIL. J. I. Liontas ve M. DelliCarpini (Ed) The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching içinde (s. 30-43). Wiley Publications.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Marti, L. (2006). Indirectness and Politeness in Turkish-German Bilingual and Turkish Monolingual Requests. Journal of Pragmatics, 38(11), p. 1836-1869.
  • Martínez-Flor, A. (2013). Learners’ production of refusals: Interactive written DCT versus oral role-play. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.175-211). Amsterdam: Rodopi
  • Moody, M. J. (2011). A study of Turkish and English refusal speech acts with a secondary examination for bidirectional language transferral. (Doctoral dissertation). Minnesota State University, Mankato.
  • Norton, B. (2008). Identity, language learning and critical pedagogies. In J. C. N. H. Hornberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of language and education, Volume 6: Knowledge about Language (2nd Ed., pp. 45-59): Springer Science.
  • Ortaçtepe, D. (2012). The development of conceptual socialization in international students: A language socialization perspective on conceptual fluency and social identity (advances in pragmatics and discourse analysis). Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Özdemir, A. (2016). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin söz edimlerini anlama düzeyleri (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Polat, Y. (2010). Yabancı dil öğretiminde söz edimleri. Yayınlanmış doktora tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Searle, J. R. (1979). Expression and meaning: Studies in the theory of speech acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Siebold, K., & Busch, H. (2015). (No) need for clarity – facework in Spanish and German refusals. Journal of Pragmatics, 75, 53-68. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2014.10.006.
  • Stavans, A., & Webman Shafran, R. (2018). The pragmatics of requests and refusals in multilingual settings. International Journal of Multilingualism, 15(2), 149–168. http://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2017.1338708
  • Şanal, M., & Ortaçtepe, D. (2019). Conceptual socialization in EFL contexts: A case study on Turkish EFL learners’ request speech acts realization. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 376-399.
  • Taguchi, N. (2012). Context, individual differences, and pragmatic competence. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
  • Taguchi, N., Xiao, F., & Li, S. (2016). Effects of intercultural competence and social contact on speech act production in a Chinese study abroad context. The Modern Language Journal, 100(4), 775-796.
  • Turan, Ü. D. (2011). Edimbilim II: Bilgi Değeri, Bilgi Yapısı ve Dilde Kibarlık ve Kabalık. In S. Özsoy and Z. Erk Ekmeksiz (Eds.) Genel Dilbilim II (p. 116-148).
  • Wardhaugh, R., & Fuller, J. M. (2015). An introduction to sociolinguistics. West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Yazıcı, N., & Demirel, İ. F. (2021). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretim setlerindeki video etkinliklerinin reddetme stratejileri açısından görünümü. International Journal of Language Academy, 9(3), 150-167.
  • Yemenici, A. (1996). Söylem çözümlemesi: Türk, İngiliz ve Amerikan Kültürlerinde Anlatılan Öykülerin Kültürel Bir Çerçeve İçinde İncelenmesi. Dilbilim Araştırmaları, 37-57.
  • Yıldız Ekin, M. T. (2013). Do current EFL coursebooks work for the development of L2 pragmatic competence? The case of suggestions. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1306-1310
  • Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Zhu, W. (2012). Polite requestive strategies in emails: An investigation of pragmatic competence of Chinese EFL learners. RELC Journal, 43(2), 217-238.

Authenticity of the speech acts in coursebooks: A study on requests and refusals

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 32, 1673 - 1694, 21.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1227410

Öz

To communicate appropriately with native speakers to maintain communicative tasks like ordering food or refusing to do a favor without any misunderstandings, learners need to acquire the sociocultural features of the target language (TL) pragmatic units like speech acts. One source of input providing the learners with these TL sociocultural features is the coursebooks they use in classrooms. This study’s goal was to explore the strategy types and authenticity of speech acts in second language (L2) Turkish coursebooks. To achieve this, request and refusal strategies in dialogues in three B2 level L2 Turkish coursebooks were identified and classified based on the type of strategies through content analysis. Following that, a coursebook authenticity questionnaire including these dialogues was conducted with 50 native speakers of Turkish asking them to rate how natural these dialogues sound natural. Results showed that the types of strategies in the investigated coursebooks reflect the natural use of direct and indirect strategies in Turkish depending on the politeness variables of power and social distance relationship between the interlocutors. It was indicated by the results of the questionnaire that while requests and refusals in the dialogues sound natural, they do not sound totally natural, meaning that there is still something unnatural in these utterances. Limitations and suggestions are discussed in the article.

Kaynakça

  • Aksu Raffard, C. (2018). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi bağlamında söz edimleri başarı koşulları ve gerçekleştirme biçimlerine yönelik bir karşılaştırma. International Journal of Language Academy, 6(5), 46-69.
  • Altun Alkan, H. (2019). Rica ediminin Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenler tarafından kullanımları Published Master’s Thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Aşık, A., & Ekşi, G. (2016).Coursebooks and spoken discourse: The issue of authenticity with discussion over corpus and feedback from native speakers. In İ. H. Mirici, İ. H. Erten, H. Öz and I. Vodopija-Krstanović (Ed.), Research Papers on Teaching English as an Additional Language içinde (s.89-102). Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Rijeka: Croatia.
  • Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2013). Developing L2 pragmatics. Language Learning, 63(1), 68–86.
  • Basra, S. M., & Thoyyibah, L. (2017). A speech act analysis of teacher talk in an EFL class-room. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 73-81. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ije.v10i1.6848
  • Bayat, N. (2017). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde şikâyet ve özür edimine ilişkin görünümler. Pamukkale Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14, 1-16.
  • Beebe, L., M., Takahashi, T., & Uliss-Weltz, R. (1990). Pragmatic transfer in ESL refusals. R. C. Scarcelle, E. Anderson, ve S. C. Krashen (Ed.), Developing Communicative Competence in a Second Language içinde (s. 55-73). Newbury House, New York.
  • Blum-Kulka, S., & Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross-cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP) Applied Linguistics, 5(3), 196-213. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/5.3.196.
  • Blum-Kulka, S.,House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989). Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, N.J: Ablex.
  • Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Carter, R., & Nunan, D. (2001). The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge University Press.
  • Cohen, A.D., & Ishihara, N. (2013). Pragmatics. In B. Tomlinson (Ed.). Applied Linguistics and Materials Development (pp. 113–126). London: Bloomsbury Academic. Retrieved May 22, 2022, from http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472541567.ch-008
  • Crystal, D., & Davy, D. (1975). Advanced conversational English. Harlow: Longman..
  • Durmuş, M. (2013). İkinci/Yabancı dil öğretiminde özgün ve değiştirilmiş dilsel girdi üzerine. International Journal for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 8(1), 1291-1306.
  • Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford:Oxford University Press.
  • Félix-Brasdefer, C. (2013). Refusing in L2 Spanish: The effects of the context of learning during a short-term study abroad program. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.147-173). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual: Essays of face to face behavior. New York, NY: Anchor
  • Gudykunst, W.B. ve TingToomey, S. (1988). Culture and Interpersonal Communication. Newburry Park: Sage Publications.
  • Gumperz, J. J. (1972). Sociolinguistics and Communication in Small Groups. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books
  • Hall, E.T. (1976). Beyond Culture. New York: Doubleday.
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Workrelated Values. London: Sage Publications.
  • Harmer, J. (1991). Practice of English language teaching. London ; New York : Longman
  • Hymes, D. H. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.
  • Johnson, J., & Rosano, T. (1993). Relation of cognitive style to metaphor interpretation and second language proficiency. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14(2), 159–159.
  • Kecskes, I. (2000). A cognitive-pragmatic approach to situation-bound utterances. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, 605-625.
  • Kılıçkaya, F. (2004). Authentic materials andculture content in EFL classrooms. The Internet ELT Journal, 10(7).
  • Kılınç, A. K. (2019). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde/öğreniminde istek (rica) söz edimi (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Kökcü, Ş., & Ortaçtepe Hart, D. (2022). Turkish EFL learners’ interpretation of metaphors, International Review of Pragmatics, 14(1), 95-114. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/18773109-01401004
  • Kurdghelaashvili, T. (2015). Speech acts and politeness strategies in an EFL classroom in Georgia. International Journal of Cognitive and Language Science, 9(1), 306-309.
  • Leech, G. (1983). Principles of pragmatics, London, UK: Longman.
  • Li, R., Raja Suleiman, R., & Sazalie, A. (2015). An Investigation into Chinese EFL Learners‟ Pragmatic Competence. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 15(2), 101-118.
  • Li, G., & Zhou, W. (2018). Authentic materials in EIL. J. I. Liontas ve M. DelliCarpini (Ed) The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching içinde (s. 30-43). Wiley Publications.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Marti, L. (2006). Indirectness and Politeness in Turkish-German Bilingual and Turkish Monolingual Requests. Journal of Pragmatics, 38(11), p. 1836-1869.
  • Martínez-Flor, A. (2013). Learners’ production of refusals: Interactive written DCT versus oral role-play. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.175-211). Amsterdam: Rodopi
  • Moody, M. J. (2011). A study of Turkish and English refusal speech acts with a secondary examination for bidirectional language transferral. (Doctoral dissertation). Minnesota State University, Mankato.
  • Norton, B. (2008). Identity, language learning and critical pedagogies. In J. C. N. H. Hornberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of language and education, Volume 6: Knowledge about Language (2nd Ed., pp. 45-59): Springer Science.
  • Ortaçtepe, D. (2012). The development of conceptual socialization in international students: A language socialization perspective on conceptual fluency and social identity (advances in pragmatics and discourse analysis). Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Özdemir, A. (2016). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin söz edimlerini anlama düzeyleri (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Polat, Y. (2010). Yabancı dil öğretiminde söz edimleri. Yayınlanmış doktora tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Searle, J. R. (1979). Expression and meaning: Studies in the theory of speech acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Siebold, K., & Busch, H. (2015). (No) need for clarity – facework in Spanish and German refusals. Journal of Pragmatics, 75, 53-68. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2014.10.006.
  • Stavans, A., & Webman Shafran, R. (2018). The pragmatics of requests and refusals in multilingual settings. International Journal of Multilingualism, 15(2), 149–168. http://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2017.1338708
  • Şanal, M., & Ortaçtepe, D. (2019). Conceptual socialization in EFL contexts: A case study on Turkish EFL learners’ request speech acts realization. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 376-399.
  • Taguchi, N. (2012). Context, individual differences, and pragmatic competence. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
  • Taguchi, N., Xiao, F., & Li, S. (2016). Effects of intercultural competence and social contact on speech act production in a Chinese study abroad context. The Modern Language Journal, 100(4), 775-796.
  • Turan, Ü. D. (2011). Edimbilim II: Bilgi Değeri, Bilgi Yapısı ve Dilde Kibarlık ve Kabalık. In S. Özsoy and Z. Erk Ekmeksiz (Eds.) Genel Dilbilim II (p. 116-148).
  • Wardhaugh, R., & Fuller, J. M. (2015). An introduction to sociolinguistics. West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Yazıcı, N., & Demirel, İ. F. (2021). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretim setlerindeki video etkinliklerinin reddetme stratejileri açısından görünümü. International Journal of Language Academy, 9(3), 150-167.
  • Yemenici, A. (1996). Söylem çözümlemesi: Türk, İngiliz ve Amerikan Kültürlerinde Anlatılan Öykülerin Kültürel Bir Çerçeve İçinde İncelenmesi. Dilbilim Araştırmaları, 37-57.
  • Yıldız Ekin, M. T. (2013). Do current EFL coursebooks work for the development of L2 pragmatic competence? The case of suggestions. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1306-1310
  • Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Zhu, W. (2012). Polite requestive strategies in emails: An investigation of pragmatic competence of Chinese EFL learners. RELC Journal, 43(2), 217-238.
Yıl 2023, Sayı: 32, 1673 - 1694, 21.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1227410

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aksu Raffard, C. (2018). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi bağlamında söz edimleri başarı koşulları ve gerçekleştirme biçimlerine yönelik bir karşılaştırma. International Journal of Language Academy, 6(5), 46-69.
  • Altun Alkan, H. (2019). Rica ediminin Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenler tarafından kullanımları Published Master’s Thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Aşık, A., & Ekşi, G. (2016).Coursebooks and spoken discourse: The issue of authenticity with discussion over corpus and feedback from native speakers. In İ. H. Mirici, İ. H. Erten, H. Öz and I. Vodopija-Krstanović (Ed.), Research Papers on Teaching English as an Additional Language içinde (s.89-102). Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Rijeka: Croatia.
  • Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2013). Developing L2 pragmatics. Language Learning, 63(1), 68–86.
  • Basra, S. M., & Thoyyibah, L. (2017). A speech act analysis of teacher talk in an EFL class-room. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 73-81. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ije.v10i1.6848
  • Bayat, N. (2017). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde şikâyet ve özür edimine ilişkin görünümler. Pamukkale Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14, 1-16.
  • Beebe, L., M., Takahashi, T., & Uliss-Weltz, R. (1990). Pragmatic transfer in ESL refusals. R. C. Scarcelle, E. Anderson, ve S. C. Krashen (Ed.), Developing Communicative Competence in a Second Language içinde (s. 55-73). Newbury House, New York.
  • Blum-Kulka, S., & Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross-cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP) Applied Linguistics, 5(3), 196-213. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/5.3.196.
  • Blum-Kulka, S.,House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989). Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, N.J: Ablex.
  • Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Carter, R., & Nunan, D. (2001). The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge University Press.
  • Cohen, A.D., & Ishihara, N. (2013). Pragmatics. In B. Tomlinson (Ed.). Applied Linguistics and Materials Development (pp. 113–126). London: Bloomsbury Academic. Retrieved May 22, 2022, from http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472541567.ch-008
  • Crystal, D., & Davy, D. (1975). Advanced conversational English. Harlow: Longman..
  • Durmuş, M. (2013). İkinci/Yabancı dil öğretiminde özgün ve değiştirilmiş dilsel girdi üzerine. International Journal for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 8(1), 1291-1306.
  • Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford:Oxford University Press.
  • Félix-Brasdefer, C. (2013). Refusing in L2 Spanish: The effects of the context of learning during a short-term study abroad program. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.147-173). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual: Essays of face to face behavior. New York, NY: Anchor
  • Gudykunst, W.B. ve TingToomey, S. (1988). Culture and Interpersonal Communication. Newburry Park: Sage Publications.
  • Gumperz, J. J. (1972). Sociolinguistics and Communication in Small Groups. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books
  • Hall, E.T. (1976). Beyond Culture. New York: Doubleday.
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Workrelated Values. London: Sage Publications.
  • Harmer, J. (1991). Practice of English language teaching. London ; New York : Longman
  • Hymes, D. H. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.
  • Johnson, J., & Rosano, T. (1993). Relation of cognitive style to metaphor interpretation and second language proficiency. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14(2), 159–159.
  • Kecskes, I. (2000). A cognitive-pragmatic approach to situation-bound utterances. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, 605-625.
  • Kılıçkaya, F. (2004). Authentic materials andculture content in EFL classrooms. The Internet ELT Journal, 10(7).
  • Kılınç, A. K. (2019). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde/öğreniminde istek (rica) söz edimi (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Kökcü, Ş., & Ortaçtepe Hart, D. (2022). Turkish EFL learners’ interpretation of metaphors, International Review of Pragmatics, 14(1), 95-114. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/18773109-01401004
  • Kurdghelaashvili, T. (2015). Speech acts and politeness strategies in an EFL classroom in Georgia. International Journal of Cognitive and Language Science, 9(1), 306-309.
  • Leech, G. (1983). Principles of pragmatics, London, UK: Longman.
  • Li, R., Raja Suleiman, R., & Sazalie, A. (2015). An Investigation into Chinese EFL Learners‟ Pragmatic Competence. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 15(2), 101-118.
  • Li, G., & Zhou, W. (2018). Authentic materials in EIL. J. I. Liontas ve M. DelliCarpini (Ed) The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching içinde (s. 30-43). Wiley Publications.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Marti, L. (2006). Indirectness and Politeness in Turkish-German Bilingual and Turkish Monolingual Requests. Journal of Pragmatics, 38(11), p. 1836-1869.
  • Martínez-Flor, A. (2013). Learners’ production of refusals: Interactive written DCT versus oral role-play. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.175-211). Amsterdam: Rodopi
  • Moody, M. J. (2011). A study of Turkish and English refusal speech acts with a secondary examination for bidirectional language transferral. (Doctoral dissertation). Minnesota State University, Mankato.
  • Norton, B. (2008). Identity, language learning and critical pedagogies. In J. C. N. H. Hornberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of language and education, Volume 6: Knowledge about Language (2nd Ed., pp. 45-59): Springer Science.
  • Ortaçtepe, D. (2012). The development of conceptual socialization in international students: A language socialization perspective on conceptual fluency and social identity (advances in pragmatics and discourse analysis). Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Özdemir, A. (2016). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin söz edimlerini anlama düzeyleri (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Polat, Y. (2010). Yabancı dil öğretiminde söz edimleri. Yayınlanmış doktora tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Searle, J. R. (1979). Expression and meaning: Studies in the theory of speech acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Siebold, K., & Busch, H. (2015). (No) need for clarity – facework in Spanish and German refusals. Journal of Pragmatics, 75, 53-68. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2014.10.006.
  • Stavans, A., & Webman Shafran, R. (2018). The pragmatics of requests and refusals in multilingual settings. International Journal of Multilingualism, 15(2), 149–168. http://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2017.1338708
  • Şanal, M., & Ortaçtepe, D. (2019). Conceptual socialization in EFL contexts: A case study on Turkish EFL learners’ request speech acts realization. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 376-399.
  • Taguchi, N. (2012). Context, individual differences, and pragmatic competence. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
  • Taguchi, N., Xiao, F., & Li, S. (2016). Effects of intercultural competence and social contact on speech act production in a Chinese study abroad context. The Modern Language Journal, 100(4), 775-796.
  • Turan, Ü. D. (2011). Edimbilim II: Bilgi Değeri, Bilgi Yapısı ve Dilde Kibarlık ve Kabalık. In S. Özsoy and Z. Erk Ekmeksiz (Eds.) Genel Dilbilim II (p. 116-148).
  • Wardhaugh, R., & Fuller, J. M. (2015). An introduction to sociolinguistics. West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Yazıcı, N., & Demirel, İ. F. (2021). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretim setlerindeki video etkinliklerinin reddetme stratejileri açısından görünümü. International Journal of Language Academy, 9(3), 150-167.
  • Yemenici, A. (1996). Söylem çözümlemesi: Türk, İngiliz ve Amerikan Kültürlerinde Anlatılan Öykülerin Kültürel Bir Çerçeve İçinde İncelenmesi. Dilbilim Araştırmaları, 37-57.
  • Yıldız Ekin, M. T. (2013). Do current EFL coursebooks work for the development of L2 pragmatic competence? The case of suggestions. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1306-1310
  • Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Zhu, W. (2012). Polite requestive strategies in emails: An investigation of pragmatic competence of Chinese EFL learners. RELC Journal, 43(2), 217-238.
Yıl 2023, Sayı: 32, 1673 - 1694, 21.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1227410

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aksu Raffard, C. (2018). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi bağlamında söz edimleri başarı koşulları ve gerçekleştirme biçimlerine yönelik bir karşılaştırma. International Journal of Language Academy, 6(5), 46-69.
  • Altun Alkan, H. (2019). Rica ediminin Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenler tarafından kullanımları Published Master’s Thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Aşık, A., & Ekşi, G. (2016).Coursebooks and spoken discourse: The issue of authenticity with discussion over corpus and feedback from native speakers. In İ. H. Mirici, İ. H. Erten, H. Öz and I. Vodopija-Krstanović (Ed.), Research Papers on Teaching English as an Additional Language içinde (s.89-102). Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Rijeka: Croatia.
  • Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2013). Developing L2 pragmatics. Language Learning, 63(1), 68–86.
  • Basra, S. M., & Thoyyibah, L. (2017). A speech act analysis of teacher talk in an EFL class-room. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 73-81. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ije.v10i1.6848
  • Bayat, N. (2017). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde şikâyet ve özür edimine ilişkin görünümler. Pamukkale Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14, 1-16.
  • Beebe, L., M., Takahashi, T., & Uliss-Weltz, R. (1990). Pragmatic transfer in ESL refusals. R. C. Scarcelle, E. Anderson, ve S. C. Krashen (Ed.), Developing Communicative Competence in a Second Language içinde (s. 55-73). Newbury House, New York.
  • Blum-Kulka, S., & Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross-cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP) Applied Linguistics, 5(3), 196-213. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/5.3.196.
  • Blum-Kulka, S.,House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989). Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, N.J: Ablex.
  • Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Carter, R., & Nunan, D. (2001). The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge University Press.
  • Cohen, A.D., & Ishihara, N. (2013). Pragmatics. In B. Tomlinson (Ed.). Applied Linguistics and Materials Development (pp. 113–126). London: Bloomsbury Academic. Retrieved May 22, 2022, from http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472541567.ch-008
  • Crystal, D., & Davy, D. (1975). Advanced conversational English. Harlow: Longman..
  • Durmuş, M. (2013). İkinci/Yabancı dil öğretiminde özgün ve değiştirilmiş dilsel girdi üzerine. International Journal for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 8(1), 1291-1306.
  • Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford:Oxford University Press.
  • Félix-Brasdefer, C. (2013). Refusing in L2 Spanish: The effects of the context of learning during a short-term study abroad program. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.147-173). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual: Essays of face to face behavior. New York, NY: Anchor
  • Gudykunst, W.B. ve TingToomey, S. (1988). Culture and Interpersonal Communication. Newburry Park: Sage Publications.
  • Gumperz, J. J. (1972). Sociolinguistics and Communication in Small Groups. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books
  • Hall, E.T. (1976). Beyond Culture. New York: Doubleday.
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Workrelated Values. London: Sage Publications.
  • Harmer, J. (1991). Practice of English language teaching. London ; New York : Longman
  • Hymes, D. H. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.
  • Johnson, J., & Rosano, T. (1993). Relation of cognitive style to metaphor interpretation and second language proficiency. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14(2), 159–159.
  • Kecskes, I. (2000). A cognitive-pragmatic approach to situation-bound utterances. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, 605-625.
  • Kılıçkaya, F. (2004). Authentic materials andculture content in EFL classrooms. The Internet ELT Journal, 10(7).
  • Kılınç, A. K. (2019). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde/öğreniminde istek (rica) söz edimi (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Kökcü, Ş., & Ortaçtepe Hart, D. (2022). Turkish EFL learners’ interpretation of metaphors, International Review of Pragmatics, 14(1), 95-114. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/18773109-01401004
  • Kurdghelaashvili, T. (2015). Speech acts and politeness strategies in an EFL classroom in Georgia. International Journal of Cognitive and Language Science, 9(1), 306-309.
  • Leech, G. (1983). Principles of pragmatics, London, UK: Longman.
  • Li, R., Raja Suleiman, R., & Sazalie, A. (2015). An Investigation into Chinese EFL Learners‟ Pragmatic Competence. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 15(2), 101-118.
  • Li, G., & Zhou, W. (2018). Authentic materials in EIL. J. I. Liontas ve M. DelliCarpini (Ed) The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching içinde (s. 30-43). Wiley Publications.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Marti, L. (2006). Indirectness and Politeness in Turkish-German Bilingual and Turkish Monolingual Requests. Journal of Pragmatics, 38(11), p. 1836-1869.
  • Martínez-Flor, A. (2013). Learners’ production of refusals: Interactive written DCT versus oral role-play. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.175-211). Amsterdam: Rodopi
  • Moody, M. J. (2011). A study of Turkish and English refusal speech acts with a secondary examination for bidirectional language transferral. (Doctoral dissertation). Minnesota State University, Mankato.
  • Norton, B. (2008). Identity, language learning and critical pedagogies. In J. C. N. H. Hornberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of language and education, Volume 6: Knowledge about Language (2nd Ed., pp. 45-59): Springer Science.
  • Ortaçtepe, D. (2012). The development of conceptual socialization in international students: A language socialization perspective on conceptual fluency and social identity (advances in pragmatics and discourse analysis). Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Özdemir, A. (2016). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin söz edimlerini anlama düzeyleri (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Polat, Y. (2010). Yabancı dil öğretiminde söz edimleri. Yayınlanmış doktora tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Searle, J. R. (1979). Expression and meaning: Studies in the theory of speech acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Siebold, K., & Busch, H. (2015). (No) need for clarity – facework in Spanish and German refusals. Journal of Pragmatics, 75, 53-68. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2014.10.006.
  • Stavans, A., & Webman Shafran, R. (2018). The pragmatics of requests and refusals in multilingual settings. International Journal of Multilingualism, 15(2), 149–168. http://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2017.1338708
  • Şanal, M., & Ortaçtepe, D. (2019). Conceptual socialization in EFL contexts: A case study on Turkish EFL learners’ request speech acts realization. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 376-399.
  • Taguchi, N. (2012). Context, individual differences, and pragmatic competence. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
  • Taguchi, N., Xiao, F., & Li, S. (2016). Effects of intercultural competence and social contact on speech act production in a Chinese study abroad context. The Modern Language Journal, 100(4), 775-796.
  • Turan, Ü. D. (2011). Edimbilim II: Bilgi Değeri, Bilgi Yapısı ve Dilde Kibarlık ve Kabalık. In S. Özsoy and Z. Erk Ekmeksiz (Eds.) Genel Dilbilim II (p. 116-148).
  • Wardhaugh, R., & Fuller, J. M. (2015). An introduction to sociolinguistics. West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Yazıcı, N., & Demirel, İ. F. (2021). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretim setlerindeki video etkinliklerinin reddetme stratejileri açısından görünümü. International Journal of Language Academy, 9(3), 150-167.
  • Yemenici, A. (1996). Söylem çözümlemesi: Türk, İngiliz ve Amerikan Kültürlerinde Anlatılan Öykülerin Kültürel Bir Çerçeve İçinde İncelenmesi. Dilbilim Araştırmaları, 37-57.
  • Yıldız Ekin, M. T. (2013). Do current EFL coursebooks work for the development of L2 pragmatic competence? The case of suggestions. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1306-1310
  • Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Zhu, W. (2012). Polite requestive strategies in emails: An investigation of pragmatic competence of Chinese EFL learners. RELC Journal, 43(2), 217-238.
Yıl 2023, Sayı: 32, 1673 - 1694, 21.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1227410

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aksu Raffard, C. (2018). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi bağlamında söz edimleri başarı koşulları ve gerçekleştirme biçimlerine yönelik bir karşılaştırma. International Journal of Language Academy, 6(5), 46-69.
  • Altun Alkan, H. (2019). Rica ediminin Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenler tarafından kullanımları Published Master’s Thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Aşık, A., & Ekşi, G. (2016).Coursebooks and spoken discourse: The issue of authenticity with discussion over corpus and feedback from native speakers. In İ. H. Mirici, İ. H. Erten, H. Öz and I. Vodopija-Krstanović (Ed.), Research Papers on Teaching English as an Additional Language içinde (s.89-102). Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Rijeka: Croatia.
  • Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2013). Developing L2 pragmatics. Language Learning, 63(1), 68–86.
  • Basra, S. M., & Thoyyibah, L. (2017). A speech act analysis of teacher talk in an EFL class-room. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 73-81. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ije.v10i1.6848
  • Bayat, N. (2017). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde şikâyet ve özür edimine ilişkin görünümler. Pamukkale Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14, 1-16.
  • Beebe, L., M., Takahashi, T., & Uliss-Weltz, R. (1990). Pragmatic transfer in ESL refusals. R. C. Scarcelle, E. Anderson, ve S. C. Krashen (Ed.), Developing Communicative Competence in a Second Language içinde (s. 55-73). Newbury House, New York.
  • Blum-Kulka, S., & Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross-cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP) Applied Linguistics, 5(3), 196-213. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/5.3.196.
  • Blum-Kulka, S.,House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989). Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, N.J: Ablex.
  • Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Carter, R., & Nunan, D. (2001). The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge University Press.
  • Cohen, A.D., & Ishihara, N. (2013). Pragmatics. In B. Tomlinson (Ed.). Applied Linguistics and Materials Development (pp. 113–126). London: Bloomsbury Academic. Retrieved May 22, 2022, from http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472541567.ch-008
  • Crystal, D., & Davy, D. (1975). Advanced conversational English. Harlow: Longman..
  • Durmuş, M. (2013). İkinci/Yabancı dil öğretiminde özgün ve değiştirilmiş dilsel girdi üzerine. International Journal for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 8(1), 1291-1306.
  • Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford:Oxford University Press.
  • Félix-Brasdefer, C. (2013). Refusing in L2 Spanish: The effects of the context of learning during a short-term study abroad program. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.147-173). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual: Essays of face to face behavior. New York, NY: Anchor
  • Gudykunst, W.B. ve TingToomey, S. (1988). Culture and Interpersonal Communication. Newburry Park: Sage Publications.
  • Gumperz, J. J. (1972). Sociolinguistics and Communication in Small Groups. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books
  • Hall, E.T. (1976). Beyond Culture. New York: Doubleday.
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Workrelated Values. London: Sage Publications.
  • Harmer, J. (1991). Practice of English language teaching. London ; New York : Longman
  • Hymes, D. H. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.
  • Johnson, J., & Rosano, T. (1993). Relation of cognitive style to metaphor interpretation and second language proficiency. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14(2), 159–159.
  • Kecskes, I. (2000). A cognitive-pragmatic approach to situation-bound utterances. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, 605-625.
  • Kılıçkaya, F. (2004). Authentic materials andculture content in EFL classrooms. The Internet ELT Journal, 10(7).
  • Kılınç, A. K. (2019). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde/öğreniminde istek (rica) söz edimi (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Kökcü, Ş., & Ortaçtepe Hart, D. (2022). Turkish EFL learners’ interpretation of metaphors, International Review of Pragmatics, 14(1), 95-114. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/18773109-01401004
  • Kurdghelaashvili, T. (2015). Speech acts and politeness strategies in an EFL classroom in Georgia. International Journal of Cognitive and Language Science, 9(1), 306-309.
  • Leech, G. (1983). Principles of pragmatics, London, UK: Longman.
  • Li, R., Raja Suleiman, R., & Sazalie, A. (2015). An Investigation into Chinese EFL Learners‟ Pragmatic Competence. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 15(2), 101-118.
  • Li, G., & Zhou, W. (2018). Authentic materials in EIL. J. I. Liontas ve M. DelliCarpini (Ed) The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching içinde (s. 30-43). Wiley Publications.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Marti, L. (2006). Indirectness and Politeness in Turkish-German Bilingual and Turkish Monolingual Requests. Journal of Pragmatics, 38(11), p. 1836-1869.
  • Martínez-Flor, A. (2013). Learners’ production of refusals: Interactive written DCT versus oral role-play. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.175-211). Amsterdam: Rodopi
  • Moody, M. J. (2011). A study of Turkish and English refusal speech acts with a secondary examination for bidirectional language transferral. (Doctoral dissertation). Minnesota State University, Mankato.
  • Norton, B. (2008). Identity, language learning and critical pedagogies. In J. C. N. H. Hornberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of language and education, Volume 6: Knowledge about Language (2nd Ed., pp. 45-59): Springer Science.
  • Ortaçtepe, D. (2012). The development of conceptual socialization in international students: A language socialization perspective on conceptual fluency and social identity (advances in pragmatics and discourse analysis). Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Özdemir, A. (2016). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin söz edimlerini anlama düzeyleri (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Polat, Y. (2010). Yabancı dil öğretiminde söz edimleri. Yayınlanmış doktora tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Searle, J. R. (1979). Expression and meaning: Studies in the theory of speech acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Siebold, K., & Busch, H. (2015). (No) need for clarity – facework in Spanish and German refusals. Journal of Pragmatics, 75, 53-68. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2014.10.006.
  • Stavans, A., & Webman Shafran, R. (2018). The pragmatics of requests and refusals in multilingual settings. International Journal of Multilingualism, 15(2), 149–168. http://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2017.1338708
  • Şanal, M., & Ortaçtepe, D. (2019). Conceptual socialization in EFL contexts: A case study on Turkish EFL learners’ request speech acts realization. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 376-399.
  • Taguchi, N. (2012). Context, individual differences, and pragmatic competence. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
  • Taguchi, N., Xiao, F., & Li, S. (2016). Effects of intercultural competence and social contact on speech act production in a Chinese study abroad context. The Modern Language Journal, 100(4), 775-796.
  • Turan, Ü. D. (2011). Edimbilim II: Bilgi Değeri, Bilgi Yapısı ve Dilde Kibarlık ve Kabalık. In S. Özsoy and Z. Erk Ekmeksiz (Eds.) Genel Dilbilim II (p. 116-148).
  • Wardhaugh, R., & Fuller, J. M. (2015). An introduction to sociolinguistics. West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Yazıcı, N., & Demirel, İ. F. (2021). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretim setlerindeki video etkinliklerinin reddetme stratejileri açısından görünümü. International Journal of Language Academy, 9(3), 150-167.
  • Yemenici, A. (1996). Söylem çözümlemesi: Türk, İngiliz ve Amerikan Kültürlerinde Anlatılan Öykülerin Kültürel Bir Çerçeve İçinde İncelenmesi. Dilbilim Araştırmaları, 37-57.
  • Yıldız Ekin, M. T. (2013). Do current EFL coursebooks work for the development of L2 pragmatic competence? The case of suggestions. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1306-1310
  • Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Zhu, W. (2012). Polite requestive strategies in emails: An investigation of pragmatic competence of Chinese EFL learners. RELC Journal, 43(2), 217-238.
Yıl 2023, Sayı: 32, 1673 - 1694, 21.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1227410

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aksu Raffard, C. (2018). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi bağlamında söz edimleri başarı koşulları ve gerçekleştirme biçimlerine yönelik bir karşılaştırma. International Journal of Language Academy, 6(5), 46-69.
  • Altun Alkan, H. (2019). Rica ediminin Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenler tarafından kullanımları Published Master’s Thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Aşık, A., & Ekşi, G. (2016).Coursebooks and spoken discourse: The issue of authenticity with discussion over corpus and feedback from native speakers. In İ. H. Mirici, İ. H. Erten, H. Öz and I. Vodopija-Krstanović (Ed.), Research Papers on Teaching English as an Additional Language içinde (s.89-102). Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Rijeka: Croatia.
  • Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2013). Developing L2 pragmatics. Language Learning, 63(1), 68–86.
  • Basra, S. M., & Thoyyibah, L. (2017). A speech act analysis of teacher talk in an EFL class-room. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 73-81. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ije.v10i1.6848
  • Bayat, N. (2017). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde şikâyet ve özür edimine ilişkin görünümler. Pamukkale Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14, 1-16.
  • Beebe, L., M., Takahashi, T., & Uliss-Weltz, R. (1990). Pragmatic transfer in ESL refusals. R. C. Scarcelle, E. Anderson, ve S. C. Krashen (Ed.), Developing Communicative Competence in a Second Language içinde (s. 55-73). Newbury House, New York.
  • Blum-Kulka, S., & Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross-cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP) Applied Linguistics, 5(3), 196-213. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/5.3.196.
  • Blum-Kulka, S.,House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989). Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, N.J: Ablex.
  • Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Carter, R., & Nunan, D. (2001). The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge University Press.
  • Cohen, A.D., & Ishihara, N. (2013). Pragmatics. In B. Tomlinson (Ed.). Applied Linguistics and Materials Development (pp. 113–126). London: Bloomsbury Academic. Retrieved May 22, 2022, from http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472541567.ch-008
  • Crystal, D., & Davy, D. (1975). Advanced conversational English. Harlow: Longman..
  • Durmuş, M. (2013). İkinci/Yabancı dil öğretiminde özgün ve değiştirilmiş dilsel girdi üzerine. International Journal for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 8(1), 1291-1306.
  • Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford:Oxford University Press.
  • Félix-Brasdefer, C. (2013). Refusing in L2 Spanish: The effects of the context of learning during a short-term study abroad program. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.147-173). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual: Essays of face to face behavior. New York, NY: Anchor
  • Gudykunst, W.B. ve TingToomey, S. (1988). Culture and Interpersonal Communication. Newburry Park: Sage Publications.
  • Gumperz, J. J. (1972). Sociolinguistics and Communication in Small Groups. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books
  • Hall, E.T. (1976). Beyond Culture. New York: Doubleday.
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Workrelated Values. London: Sage Publications.
  • Harmer, J. (1991). Practice of English language teaching. London ; New York : Longman
  • Hymes, D. H. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.
  • Johnson, J., & Rosano, T. (1993). Relation of cognitive style to metaphor interpretation and second language proficiency. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14(2), 159–159.
  • Kecskes, I. (2000). A cognitive-pragmatic approach to situation-bound utterances. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, 605-625.
  • Kılıçkaya, F. (2004). Authentic materials andculture content in EFL classrooms. The Internet ELT Journal, 10(7).
  • Kılınç, A. K. (2019). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde/öğreniminde istek (rica) söz edimi (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Kökcü, Ş., & Ortaçtepe Hart, D. (2022). Turkish EFL learners’ interpretation of metaphors, International Review of Pragmatics, 14(1), 95-114. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/18773109-01401004
  • Kurdghelaashvili, T. (2015). Speech acts and politeness strategies in an EFL classroom in Georgia. International Journal of Cognitive and Language Science, 9(1), 306-309.
  • Leech, G. (1983). Principles of pragmatics, London, UK: Longman.
  • Li, R., Raja Suleiman, R., & Sazalie, A. (2015). An Investigation into Chinese EFL Learners‟ Pragmatic Competence. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 15(2), 101-118.
  • Li, G., & Zhou, W. (2018). Authentic materials in EIL. J. I. Liontas ve M. DelliCarpini (Ed) The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching içinde (s. 30-43). Wiley Publications.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Marti, L. (2006). Indirectness and Politeness in Turkish-German Bilingual and Turkish Monolingual Requests. Journal of Pragmatics, 38(11), p. 1836-1869.
  • Martínez-Flor, A. (2013). Learners’ production of refusals: Interactive written DCT versus oral role-play. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.175-211). Amsterdam: Rodopi
  • Moody, M. J. (2011). A study of Turkish and English refusal speech acts with a secondary examination for bidirectional language transferral. (Doctoral dissertation). Minnesota State University, Mankato.
  • Norton, B. (2008). Identity, language learning and critical pedagogies. In J. C. N. H. Hornberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of language and education, Volume 6: Knowledge about Language (2nd Ed., pp. 45-59): Springer Science.
  • Ortaçtepe, D. (2012). The development of conceptual socialization in international students: A language socialization perspective on conceptual fluency and social identity (advances in pragmatics and discourse analysis). Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Özdemir, A. (2016). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin söz edimlerini anlama düzeyleri (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Polat, Y. (2010). Yabancı dil öğretiminde söz edimleri. Yayınlanmış doktora tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Searle, J. R. (1979). Expression and meaning: Studies in the theory of speech acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Siebold, K., & Busch, H. (2015). (No) need for clarity – facework in Spanish and German refusals. Journal of Pragmatics, 75, 53-68. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2014.10.006.
  • Stavans, A., & Webman Shafran, R. (2018). The pragmatics of requests and refusals in multilingual settings. International Journal of Multilingualism, 15(2), 149–168. http://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2017.1338708
  • Şanal, M., & Ortaçtepe, D. (2019). Conceptual socialization in EFL contexts: A case study on Turkish EFL learners’ request speech acts realization. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 376-399.
  • Taguchi, N. (2012). Context, individual differences, and pragmatic competence. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
  • Taguchi, N., Xiao, F., & Li, S. (2016). Effects of intercultural competence and social contact on speech act production in a Chinese study abroad context. The Modern Language Journal, 100(4), 775-796.
  • Turan, Ü. D. (2011). Edimbilim II: Bilgi Değeri, Bilgi Yapısı ve Dilde Kibarlık ve Kabalık. In S. Özsoy and Z. Erk Ekmeksiz (Eds.) Genel Dilbilim II (p. 116-148).
  • Wardhaugh, R., & Fuller, J. M. (2015). An introduction to sociolinguistics. West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Yazıcı, N., & Demirel, İ. F. (2021). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretim setlerindeki video etkinliklerinin reddetme stratejileri açısından görünümü. International Journal of Language Academy, 9(3), 150-167.
  • Yemenici, A. (1996). Söylem çözümlemesi: Türk, İngiliz ve Amerikan Kültürlerinde Anlatılan Öykülerin Kültürel Bir Çerçeve İçinde İncelenmesi. Dilbilim Araştırmaları, 37-57.
  • Yıldız Ekin, M. T. (2013). Do current EFL coursebooks work for the development of L2 pragmatic competence? The case of suggestions. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1306-1310
  • Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Zhu, W. (2012). Polite requestive strategies in emails: An investigation of pragmatic competence of Chinese EFL learners. RELC Journal, 43(2), 217-238.
Yıl 2023, Sayı: 32, 1673 - 1694, 21.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1227410

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aksu Raffard, C. (2018). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi bağlamında söz edimleri başarı koşulları ve gerçekleştirme biçimlerine yönelik bir karşılaştırma. International Journal of Language Academy, 6(5), 46-69.
  • Altun Alkan, H. (2019). Rica ediminin Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenler tarafından kullanımları Published Master’s Thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Aşık, A., & Ekşi, G. (2016).Coursebooks and spoken discourse: The issue of authenticity with discussion over corpus and feedback from native speakers. In İ. H. Mirici, İ. H. Erten, H. Öz and I. Vodopija-Krstanović (Ed.), Research Papers on Teaching English as an Additional Language içinde (s.89-102). Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Rijeka: Croatia.
  • Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2013). Developing L2 pragmatics. Language Learning, 63(1), 68–86.
  • Basra, S. M., & Thoyyibah, L. (2017). A speech act analysis of teacher talk in an EFL class-room. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 73-81. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ije.v10i1.6848
  • Bayat, N. (2017). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde şikâyet ve özür edimine ilişkin görünümler. Pamukkale Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14, 1-16.
  • Beebe, L., M., Takahashi, T., & Uliss-Weltz, R. (1990). Pragmatic transfer in ESL refusals. R. C. Scarcelle, E. Anderson, ve S. C. Krashen (Ed.), Developing Communicative Competence in a Second Language içinde (s. 55-73). Newbury House, New York.
  • Blum-Kulka, S., & Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross-cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP) Applied Linguistics, 5(3), 196-213. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/5.3.196.
  • Blum-Kulka, S.,House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989). Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, N.J: Ablex.
  • Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Carter, R., & Nunan, D. (2001). The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge University Press.
  • Cohen, A.D., & Ishihara, N. (2013). Pragmatics. In B. Tomlinson (Ed.). Applied Linguistics and Materials Development (pp. 113–126). London: Bloomsbury Academic. Retrieved May 22, 2022, from http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472541567.ch-008
  • Crystal, D., & Davy, D. (1975). Advanced conversational English. Harlow: Longman..
  • Durmuş, M. (2013). İkinci/Yabancı dil öğretiminde özgün ve değiştirilmiş dilsel girdi üzerine. International Journal for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 8(1), 1291-1306.
  • Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford:Oxford University Press.
  • Félix-Brasdefer, C. (2013). Refusing in L2 Spanish: The effects of the context of learning during a short-term study abroad program. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.147-173). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual: Essays of face to face behavior. New York, NY: Anchor
  • Gudykunst, W.B. ve TingToomey, S. (1988). Culture and Interpersonal Communication. Newburry Park: Sage Publications.
  • Gumperz, J. J. (1972). Sociolinguistics and Communication in Small Groups. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books
  • Hall, E.T. (1976). Beyond Culture. New York: Doubleday.
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Workrelated Values. London: Sage Publications.
  • Harmer, J. (1991). Practice of English language teaching. London ; New York : Longman
  • Hymes, D. H. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.
  • Johnson, J., & Rosano, T. (1993). Relation of cognitive style to metaphor interpretation and second language proficiency. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14(2), 159–159.
  • Kecskes, I. (2000). A cognitive-pragmatic approach to situation-bound utterances. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, 605-625.
  • Kılıçkaya, F. (2004). Authentic materials andculture content in EFL classrooms. The Internet ELT Journal, 10(7).
  • Kılınç, A. K. (2019). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde/öğreniminde istek (rica) söz edimi (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Kökcü, Ş., & Ortaçtepe Hart, D. (2022). Turkish EFL learners’ interpretation of metaphors, International Review of Pragmatics, 14(1), 95-114. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/18773109-01401004
  • Kurdghelaashvili, T. (2015). Speech acts and politeness strategies in an EFL classroom in Georgia. International Journal of Cognitive and Language Science, 9(1), 306-309.
  • Leech, G. (1983). Principles of pragmatics, London, UK: Longman.
  • Li, R., Raja Suleiman, R., & Sazalie, A. (2015). An Investigation into Chinese EFL Learners‟ Pragmatic Competence. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 15(2), 101-118.
  • Li, G., & Zhou, W. (2018). Authentic materials in EIL. J. I. Liontas ve M. DelliCarpini (Ed) The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching içinde (s. 30-43). Wiley Publications.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Marti, L. (2006). Indirectness and Politeness in Turkish-German Bilingual and Turkish Monolingual Requests. Journal of Pragmatics, 38(11), p. 1836-1869.
  • Martínez-Flor, A. (2013). Learners’ production of refusals: Interactive written DCT versus oral role-play. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.175-211). Amsterdam: Rodopi
  • Moody, M. J. (2011). A study of Turkish and English refusal speech acts with a secondary examination for bidirectional language transferral. (Doctoral dissertation). Minnesota State University, Mankato.
  • Norton, B. (2008). Identity, language learning and critical pedagogies. In J. C. N. H. Hornberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of language and education, Volume 6: Knowledge about Language (2nd Ed., pp. 45-59): Springer Science.
  • Ortaçtepe, D. (2012). The development of conceptual socialization in international students: A language socialization perspective on conceptual fluency and social identity (advances in pragmatics and discourse analysis). Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Özdemir, A. (2016). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin söz edimlerini anlama düzeyleri (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Polat, Y. (2010). Yabancı dil öğretiminde söz edimleri. Yayınlanmış doktora tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Searle, J. R. (1979). Expression and meaning: Studies in the theory of speech acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Siebold, K., & Busch, H. (2015). (No) need for clarity – facework in Spanish and German refusals. Journal of Pragmatics, 75, 53-68. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2014.10.006.
  • Stavans, A., & Webman Shafran, R. (2018). The pragmatics of requests and refusals in multilingual settings. International Journal of Multilingualism, 15(2), 149–168. http://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2017.1338708
  • Şanal, M., & Ortaçtepe, D. (2019). Conceptual socialization in EFL contexts: A case study on Turkish EFL learners’ request speech acts realization. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 376-399.
  • Taguchi, N. (2012). Context, individual differences, and pragmatic competence. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
  • Taguchi, N., Xiao, F., & Li, S. (2016). Effects of intercultural competence and social contact on speech act production in a Chinese study abroad context. The Modern Language Journal, 100(4), 775-796.
  • Turan, Ü. D. (2011). Edimbilim II: Bilgi Değeri, Bilgi Yapısı ve Dilde Kibarlık ve Kabalık. In S. Özsoy and Z. Erk Ekmeksiz (Eds.) Genel Dilbilim II (p. 116-148).
  • Wardhaugh, R., & Fuller, J. M. (2015). An introduction to sociolinguistics. West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Yazıcı, N., & Demirel, İ. F. (2021). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretim setlerindeki video etkinliklerinin reddetme stratejileri açısından görünümü. International Journal of Language Academy, 9(3), 150-167.
  • Yemenici, A. (1996). Söylem çözümlemesi: Türk, İngiliz ve Amerikan Kültürlerinde Anlatılan Öykülerin Kültürel Bir Çerçeve İçinde İncelenmesi. Dilbilim Araştırmaları, 37-57.
  • Yıldız Ekin, M. T. (2013). Do current EFL coursebooks work for the development of L2 pragmatic competence? The case of suggestions. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1306-1310
  • Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Zhu, W. (2012). Polite requestive strategies in emails: An investigation of pragmatic competence of Chinese EFL learners. RELC Journal, 43(2), 217-238.
Yıl 2023, Sayı: 32, 1673 - 1694, 21.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1227410

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aksu Raffard, C. (2018). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi bağlamında söz edimleri başarı koşulları ve gerçekleştirme biçimlerine yönelik bir karşılaştırma. International Journal of Language Academy, 6(5), 46-69.
  • Altun Alkan, H. (2019). Rica ediminin Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenler tarafından kullanımları Published Master’s Thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Aşık, A., & Ekşi, G. (2016).Coursebooks and spoken discourse: The issue of authenticity with discussion over corpus and feedback from native speakers. In İ. H. Mirici, İ. H. Erten, H. Öz and I. Vodopija-Krstanović (Ed.), Research Papers on Teaching English as an Additional Language içinde (s.89-102). Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Rijeka: Croatia.
  • Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2013). Developing L2 pragmatics. Language Learning, 63(1), 68–86.
  • Basra, S. M., & Thoyyibah, L. (2017). A speech act analysis of teacher talk in an EFL class-room. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 73-81. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ije.v10i1.6848
  • Bayat, N. (2017). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde şikâyet ve özür edimine ilişkin görünümler. Pamukkale Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14, 1-16.
  • Beebe, L., M., Takahashi, T., & Uliss-Weltz, R. (1990). Pragmatic transfer in ESL refusals. R. C. Scarcelle, E. Anderson, ve S. C. Krashen (Ed.), Developing Communicative Competence in a Second Language içinde (s. 55-73). Newbury House, New York.
  • Blum-Kulka, S., & Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross-cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP) Applied Linguistics, 5(3), 196-213. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/5.3.196.
  • Blum-Kulka, S.,House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989). Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, N.J: Ablex.
  • Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Carter, R., & Nunan, D. (2001). The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge University Press.
  • Cohen, A.D., & Ishihara, N. (2013). Pragmatics. In B. Tomlinson (Ed.). Applied Linguistics and Materials Development (pp. 113–126). London: Bloomsbury Academic. Retrieved May 22, 2022, from http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472541567.ch-008
  • Crystal, D., & Davy, D. (1975). Advanced conversational English. Harlow: Longman..
  • Durmuş, M. (2013). İkinci/Yabancı dil öğretiminde özgün ve değiştirilmiş dilsel girdi üzerine. International Journal for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 8(1), 1291-1306.
  • Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford:Oxford University Press.
  • Félix-Brasdefer, C. (2013). Refusing in L2 Spanish: The effects of the context of learning during a short-term study abroad program. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.147-173). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual: Essays of face to face behavior. New York, NY: Anchor
  • Gudykunst, W.B. ve TingToomey, S. (1988). Culture and Interpersonal Communication. Newburry Park: Sage Publications.
  • Gumperz, J. J. (1972). Sociolinguistics and Communication in Small Groups. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books
  • Hall, E.T. (1976). Beyond Culture. New York: Doubleday.
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Workrelated Values. London: Sage Publications.
  • Harmer, J. (1991). Practice of English language teaching. London ; New York : Longman
  • Hymes, D. H. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.
  • Johnson, J., & Rosano, T. (1993). Relation of cognitive style to metaphor interpretation and second language proficiency. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14(2), 159–159.
  • Kecskes, I. (2000). A cognitive-pragmatic approach to situation-bound utterances. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, 605-625.
  • Kılıçkaya, F. (2004). Authentic materials andculture content in EFL classrooms. The Internet ELT Journal, 10(7).
  • Kılınç, A. K. (2019). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde/öğreniminde istek (rica) söz edimi (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Kökcü, Ş., & Ortaçtepe Hart, D. (2022). Turkish EFL learners’ interpretation of metaphors, International Review of Pragmatics, 14(1), 95-114. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/18773109-01401004
  • Kurdghelaashvili, T. (2015). Speech acts and politeness strategies in an EFL classroom in Georgia. International Journal of Cognitive and Language Science, 9(1), 306-309.
  • Leech, G. (1983). Principles of pragmatics, London, UK: Longman.
  • Li, R., Raja Suleiman, R., & Sazalie, A. (2015). An Investigation into Chinese EFL Learners‟ Pragmatic Competence. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 15(2), 101-118.
  • Li, G., & Zhou, W. (2018). Authentic materials in EIL. J. I. Liontas ve M. DelliCarpini (Ed) The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching içinde (s. 30-43). Wiley Publications.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Marti, L. (2006). Indirectness and Politeness in Turkish-German Bilingual and Turkish Monolingual Requests. Journal of Pragmatics, 38(11), p. 1836-1869.
  • Martínez-Flor, A. (2013). Learners’ production of refusals: Interactive written DCT versus oral role-play. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.175-211). Amsterdam: Rodopi
  • Moody, M. J. (2011). A study of Turkish and English refusal speech acts with a secondary examination for bidirectional language transferral. (Doctoral dissertation). Minnesota State University, Mankato.
  • Norton, B. (2008). Identity, language learning and critical pedagogies. In J. C. N. H. Hornberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of language and education, Volume 6: Knowledge about Language (2nd Ed., pp. 45-59): Springer Science.
  • Ortaçtepe, D. (2012). The development of conceptual socialization in international students: A language socialization perspective on conceptual fluency and social identity (advances in pragmatics and discourse analysis). Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Özdemir, A. (2016). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin söz edimlerini anlama düzeyleri (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Polat, Y. (2010). Yabancı dil öğretiminde söz edimleri. Yayınlanmış doktora tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Searle, J. R. (1979). Expression and meaning: Studies in the theory of speech acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Siebold, K., & Busch, H. (2015). (No) need for clarity – facework in Spanish and German refusals. Journal of Pragmatics, 75, 53-68. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2014.10.006.
  • Stavans, A., & Webman Shafran, R. (2018). The pragmatics of requests and refusals in multilingual settings. International Journal of Multilingualism, 15(2), 149–168. http://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2017.1338708
  • Şanal, M., & Ortaçtepe, D. (2019). Conceptual socialization in EFL contexts: A case study on Turkish EFL learners’ request speech acts realization. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 376-399.
  • Taguchi, N. (2012). Context, individual differences, and pragmatic competence. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
  • Taguchi, N., Xiao, F., & Li, S. (2016). Effects of intercultural competence and social contact on speech act production in a Chinese study abroad context. The Modern Language Journal, 100(4), 775-796.
  • Turan, Ü. D. (2011). Edimbilim II: Bilgi Değeri, Bilgi Yapısı ve Dilde Kibarlık ve Kabalık. In S. Özsoy and Z. Erk Ekmeksiz (Eds.) Genel Dilbilim II (p. 116-148).
  • Wardhaugh, R., & Fuller, J. M. (2015). An introduction to sociolinguistics. West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Yazıcı, N., & Demirel, İ. F. (2021). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretim setlerindeki video etkinliklerinin reddetme stratejileri açısından görünümü. International Journal of Language Academy, 9(3), 150-167.
  • Yemenici, A. (1996). Söylem çözümlemesi: Türk, İngiliz ve Amerikan Kültürlerinde Anlatılan Öykülerin Kültürel Bir Çerçeve İçinde İncelenmesi. Dilbilim Araştırmaları, 37-57.
  • Yıldız Ekin, M. T. (2013). Do current EFL coursebooks work for the development of L2 pragmatic competence? The case of suggestions. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1306-1310
  • Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Zhu, W. (2012). Polite requestive strategies in emails: An investigation of pragmatic competence of Chinese EFL learners. RELC Journal, 43(2), 217-238.
Yıl 2023, Sayı: 32, 1673 - 1694, 21.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1227410

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aksu Raffard, C. (2018). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi bağlamında söz edimleri başarı koşulları ve gerçekleştirme biçimlerine yönelik bir karşılaştırma. International Journal of Language Academy, 6(5), 46-69.
  • Altun Alkan, H. (2019). Rica ediminin Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenler tarafından kullanımları Published Master’s Thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Aşık, A., & Ekşi, G. (2016).Coursebooks and spoken discourse: The issue of authenticity with discussion over corpus and feedback from native speakers. In İ. H. Mirici, İ. H. Erten, H. Öz and I. Vodopija-Krstanović (Ed.), Research Papers on Teaching English as an Additional Language içinde (s.89-102). Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Rijeka: Croatia.
  • Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2013). Developing L2 pragmatics. Language Learning, 63(1), 68–86.
  • Basra, S. M., & Thoyyibah, L. (2017). A speech act analysis of teacher talk in an EFL class-room. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 73-81. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ije.v10i1.6848
  • Bayat, N. (2017). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde şikâyet ve özür edimine ilişkin görünümler. Pamukkale Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14, 1-16.
  • Beebe, L., M., Takahashi, T., & Uliss-Weltz, R. (1990). Pragmatic transfer in ESL refusals. R. C. Scarcelle, E. Anderson, ve S. C. Krashen (Ed.), Developing Communicative Competence in a Second Language içinde (s. 55-73). Newbury House, New York.
  • Blum-Kulka, S., & Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross-cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP) Applied Linguistics, 5(3), 196-213. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/5.3.196.
  • Blum-Kulka, S.,House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989). Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, N.J: Ablex.
  • Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Carter, R., & Nunan, D. (2001). The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge University Press.
  • Cohen, A.D., & Ishihara, N. (2013). Pragmatics. In B. Tomlinson (Ed.). Applied Linguistics and Materials Development (pp. 113–126). London: Bloomsbury Academic. Retrieved May 22, 2022, from http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472541567.ch-008
  • Crystal, D., & Davy, D. (1975). Advanced conversational English. Harlow: Longman..
  • Durmuş, M. (2013). İkinci/Yabancı dil öğretiminde özgün ve değiştirilmiş dilsel girdi üzerine. International Journal for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 8(1), 1291-1306.
  • Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford:Oxford University Press.
  • Félix-Brasdefer, C. (2013). Refusing in L2 Spanish: The effects of the context of learning during a short-term study abroad program. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.147-173). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual: Essays of face to face behavior. New York, NY: Anchor
  • Gudykunst, W.B. ve TingToomey, S. (1988). Culture and Interpersonal Communication. Newburry Park: Sage Publications.
  • Gumperz, J. J. (1972). Sociolinguistics and Communication in Small Groups. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books
  • Hall, E.T. (1976). Beyond Culture. New York: Doubleday.
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Workrelated Values. London: Sage Publications.
  • Harmer, J. (1991). Practice of English language teaching. London ; New York : Longman
  • Hymes, D. H. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.
  • Johnson, J., & Rosano, T. (1993). Relation of cognitive style to metaphor interpretation and second language proficiency. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14(2), 159–159.
  • Kecskes, I. (2000). A cognitive-pragmatic approach to situation-bound utterances. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, 605-625.
  • Kılıçkaya, F. (2004). Authentic materials andculture content in EFL classrooms. The Internet ELT Journal, 10(7).
  • Kılınç, A. K. (2019). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde/öğreniminde istek (rica) söz edimi (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Kökcü, Ş., & Ortaçtepe Hart, D. (2022). Turkish EFL learners’ interpretation of metaphors, International Review of Pragmatics, 14(1), 95-114. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/18773109-01401004
  • Kurdghelaashvili, T. (2015). Speech acts and politeness strategies in an EFL classroom in Georgia. International Journal of Cognitive and Language Science, 9(1), 306-309.
  • Leech, G. (1983). Principles of pragmatics, London, UK: Longman.
  • Li, R., Raja Suleiman, R., & Sazalie, A. (2015). An Investigation into Chinese EFL Learners‟ Pragmatic Competence. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 15(2), 101-118.
  • Li, G., & Zhou, W. (2018). Authentic materials in EIL. J. I. Liontas ve M. DelliCarpini (Ed) The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching içinde (s. 30-43). Wiley Publications.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Marti, L. (2006). Indirectness and Politeness in Turkish-German Bilingual and Turkish Monolingual Requests. Journal of Pragmatics, 38(11), p. 1836-1869.
  • Martínez-Flor, A. (2013). Learners’ production of refusals: Interactive written DCT versus oral role-play. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.175-211). Amsterdam: Rodopi
  • Moody, M. J. (2011). A study of Turkish and English refusal speech acts with a secondary examination for bidirectional language transferral. (Doctoral dissertation). Minnesota State University, Mankato.
  • Norton, B. (2008). Identity, language learning and critical pedagogies. In J. C. N. H. Hornberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of language and education, Volume 6: Knowledge about Language (2nd Ed., pp. 45-59): Springer Science.
  • Ortaçtepe, D. (2012). The development of conceptual socialization in international students: A language socialization perspective on conceptual fluency and social identity (advances in pragmatics and discourse analysis). Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Özdemir, A. (2016). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin söz edimlerini anlama düzeyleri (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Polat, Y. (2010). Yabancı dil öğretiminde söz edimleri. Yayınlanmış doktora tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Searle, J. R. (1979). Expression and meaning: Studies in the theory of speech acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Siebold, K., & Busch, H. (2015). (No) need for clarity – facework in Spanish and German refusals. Journal of Pragmatics, 75, 53-68. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2014.10.006.
  • Stavans, A., & Webman Shafran, R. (2018). The pragmatics of requests and refusals in multilingual settings. International Journal of Multilingualism, 15(2), 149–168. http://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2017.1338708
  • Şanal, M., & Ortaçtepe, D. (2019). Conceptual socialization in EFL contexts: A case study on Turkish EFL learners’ request speech acts realization. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 376-399.
  • Taguchi, N. (2012). Context, individual differences, and pragmatic competence. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
  • Taguchi, N., Xiao, F., & Li, S. (2016). Effects of intercultural competence and social contact on speech act production in a Chinese study abroad context. The Modern Language Journal, 100(4), 775-796.
  • Turan, Ü. D. (2011). Edimbilim II: Bilgi Değeri, Bilgi Yapısı ve Dilde Kibarlık ve Kabalık. In S. Özsoy and Z. Erk Ekmeksiz (Eds.) Genel Dilbilim II (p. 116-148).
  • Wardhaugh, R., & Fuller, J. M. (2015). An introduction to sociolinguistics. West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Yazıcı, N., & Demirel, İ. F. (2021). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretim setlerindeki video etkinliklerinin reddetme stratejileri açısından görünümü. International Journal of Language Academy, 9(3), 150-167.
  • Yemenici, A. (1996). Söylem çözümlemesi: Türk, İngiliz ve Amerikan Kültürlerinde Anlatılan Öykülerin Kültürel Bir Çerçeve İçinde İncelenmesi. Dilbilim Araştırmaları, 37-57.
  • Yıldız Ekin, M. T. (2013). Do current EFL coursebooks work for the development of L2 pragmatic competence? The case of suggestions. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1306-1310
  • Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Zhu, W. (2012). Polite requestive strategies in emails: An investigation of pragmatic competence of Chinese EFL learners. RELC Journal, 43(2), 217-238.
Yıl 2023, Sayı: 32, 1673 - 1694, 21.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1227410

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aksu Raffard, C. (2018). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi bağlamında söz edimleri başarı koşulları ve gerçekleştirme biçimlerine yönelik bir karşılaştırma. International Journal of Language Academy, 6(5), 46-69.
  • Altun Alkan, H. (2019). Rica ediminin Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenler tarafından kullanımları Published Master’s Thesis). Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Aşık, A., & Ekşi, G. (2016).Coursebooks and spoken discourse: The issue of authenticity with discussion over corpus and feedback from native speakers. In İ. H. Mirici, İ. H. Erten, H. Öz and I. Vodopija-Krstanović (Ed.), Research Papers on Teaching English as an Additional Language içinde (s.89-102). Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Rijeka: Croatia.
  • Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2013). Developing L2 pragmatics. Language Learning, 63(1), 68–86.
  • Basra, S. M., & Thoyyibah, L. (2017). A speech act analysis of teacher talk in an EFL class-room. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 73-81. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ije.v10i1.6848
  • Bayat, N. (2017). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde şikâyet ve özür edimine ilişkin görünümler. Pamukkale Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14, 1-16.
  • Beebe, L., M., Takahashi, T., & Uliss-Weltz, R. (1990). Pragmatic transfer in ESL refusals. R. C. Scarcelle, E. Anderson, ve S. C. Krashen (Ed.), Developing Communicative Competence in a Second Language içinde (s. 55-73). Newbury House, New York.
  • Blum-Kulka, S., & Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross-cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP) Applied Linguistics, 5(3), 196-213. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/5.3.196.
  • Blum-Kulka, S.,House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989). Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, N.J: Ablex.
  • Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Carter, R., & Nunan, D. (2001). The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge University Press.
  • Cohen, A.D., & Ishihara, N. (2013). Pragmatics. In B. Tomlinson (Ed.). Applied Linguistics and Materials Development (pp. 113–126). London: Bloomsbury Academic. Retrieved May 22, 2022, from http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472541567.ch-008
  • Crystal, D., & Davy, D. (1975). Advanced conversational English. Harlow: Longman..
  • Durmuş, M. (2013). İkinci/Yabancı dil öğretiminde özgün ve değiştirilmiş dilsel girdi üzerine. International Journal for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic, 8(1), 1291-1306.
  • Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford:Oxford University Press.
  • Félix-Brasdefer, C. (2013). Refusing in L2 Spanish: The effects of the context of learning during a short-term study abroad program. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.147-173). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
  • Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual: Essays of face to face behavior. New York, NY: Anchor
  • Gudykunst, W.B. ve TingToomey, S. (1988). Culture and Interpersonal Communication. Newburry Park: Sage Publications.
  • Gumperz, J. J. (1972). Sociolinguistics and Communication in Small Groups. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books
  • Hall, E.T. (1976). Beyond Culture. New York: Doubleday.
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Workrelated Values. London: Sage Publications.
  • Harmer, J. (1991). Practice of English language teaching. London ; New York : Longman
  • Hymes, D. H. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.
  • Johnson, J., & Rosano, T. (1993). Relation of cognitive style to metaphor interpretation and second language proficiency. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14(2), 159–159.
  • Kecskes, I. (2000). A cognitive-pragmatic approach to situation-bound utterances. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, 605-625.
  • Kılıçkaya, F. (2004). Authentic materials andculture content in EFL classrooms. The Internet ELT Journal, 10(7).
  • Kılınç, A. K. (2019). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde/öğreniminde istek (rica) söz edimi (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Kökcü, Ş., & Ortaçtepe Hart, D. (2022). Turkish EFL learners’ interpretation of metaphors, International Review of Pragmatics, 14(1), 95-114. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/18773109-01401004
  • Kurdghelaashvili, T. (2015). Speech acts and politeness strategies in an EFL classroom in Georgia. International Journal of Cognitive and Language Science, 9(1), 306-309.
  • Leech, G. (1983). Principles of pragmatics, London, UK: Longman.
  • Li, R., Raja Suleiman, R., & Sazalie, A. (2015). An Investigation into Chinese EFL Learners‟ Pragmatic Competence. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 15(2), 101-118.
  • Li, G., & Zhou, W. (2018). Authentic materials in EIL. J. I. Liontas ve M. DelliCarpini (Ed) The TESOL Encyclopedia of English Language Teaching içinde (s. 30-43). Wiley Publications.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Marti, L. (2006). Indirectness and Politeness in Turkish-German Bilingual and Turkish Monolingual Requests. Journal of Pragmatics, 38(11), p. 1836-1869.
  • Martínez-Flor, A. (2013). Learners’ production of refusals: Interactive written DCT versus oral role-play. In O. Martí-Arnándiz and P. Salazar-Campillo (Ed), Refusals in instructional contexts and beyond (p.175-211). Amsterdam: Rodopi
  • Moody, M. J. (2011). A study of Turkish and English refusal speech acts with a secondary examination for bidirectional language transferral. (Doctoral dissertation). Minnesota State University, Mankato.
  • Norton, B. (2008). Identity, language learning and critical pedagogies. In J. C. N. H. Hornberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of language and education, Volume 6: Knowledge about Language (2nd Ed., pp. 45-59): Springer Science.
  • Ortaçtepe, D. (2012). The development of conceptual socialization in international students: A language socialization perspective on conceptual fluency and social identity (advances in pragmatics and discourse analysis). Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Özdemir, A. (2016). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin söz edimlerini anlama düzeyleri (Published Master’s Thesis). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü, Ankara Türkiye.
  • Polat, Y. (2010). Yabancı dil öğretiminde söz edimleri. Yayınlanmış doktora tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Searle, J. R. (1979). Expression and meaning: Studies in the theory of speech acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Siebold, K., & Busch, H. (2015). (No) need for clarity – facework in Spanish and German refusals. Journal of Pragmatics, 75, 53-68. doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2014.10.006.
  • Stavans, A., & Webman Shafran, R. (2018). The pragmatics of requests and refusals in multilingual settings. International Journal of Multilingualism, 15(2), 149–168. http://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2017.1338708
  • Şanal, M., & Ortaçtepe, D. (2019). Conceptual socialization in EFL contexts: A case study on Turkish EFL learners’ request speech acts realization. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), 376-399.
  • Taguchi, N. (2012). Context, individual differences, and pragmatic competence. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.
  • Taguchi, N., Xiao, F., & Li, S. (2016). Effects of intercultural competence and social contact on speech act production in a Chinese study abroad context. The Modern Language Journal, 100(4), 775-796.
  • Turan, Ü. D. (2011). Edimbilim II: Bilgi Değeri, Bilgi Yapısı ve Dilde Kibarlık ve Kabalık. In S. Özsoy and Z. Erk Ekmeksiz (Eds.) Genel Dilbilim II (p. 116-148).
  • Wardhaugh, R., & Fuller, J. M. (2015). An introduction to sociolinguistics. West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Yazıcı, N., & Demirel, İ. F. (2021). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretim setlerindeki video etkinliklerinin reddetme stratejileri açısından görünümü. International Journal of Language Academy, 9(3), 150-167.
  • Yemenici, A. (1996). Söylem çözümlemesi: Türk, İngiliz ve Amerikan Kültürlerinde Anlatılan Öykülerin Kültürel Bir Çerçeve İçinde İncelenmesi. Dilbilim Araştırmaları, 37-57.
  • Yıldız Ekin, M. T. (2013). Do current EFL coursebooks work for the development of L2 pragmatic competence? The case of suggestions. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 1306-1310
  • Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Zhu, W. (2012). Polite requestive strategies in emails: An investigation of pragmatic competence of Chinese EFL learners. RELC Journal, 43(2), 217-238.
Toplam 54 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar
Bölüm Çevirilbilimi
Yazarlar

Şeyma Kökcü 0000-0002-0043-1076

Yayımlanma Tarihi 21 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Sayı: 32

Kaynak Göster

APA Kökcü, Ş. (2023). Authenticity of the speech acts in coursebooks: A study on requests and refusals. RumeliDE Dil Ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi(32), 1673-1694. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1227410