Gebelere Verilen Kahkaha Terapisi, Müzik Dinleme ve Günlük Tutmanın Postpartum Dönem Ruh Sağlığı ve Maternal Bağlanma Düzeyine Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Gebelikte uygulanan kahkaha terapisi, müzik dinleme ve günlük tutma müdahalelerinin, postpartum dönemde annenin ruh sağlığına ve maternal bağlanma düzeyine etkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu yarı deneysel bir çalışmadır. Çalışmaya 25'i müdahale ve 25'i kontrol grubunda olmak üzere 50 gebe katıldı. Müdahaleler altı hafta boyunca kahkaha terapisi, müzik dinleme ve günlük tutmaktan oluşmaktadır. Veriler Beck Depresyon Envanteri, Edinburg Doğum Sonrası Depresyon Ölçeği, Kısa Semptom Envanteri ve Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği ile toplandı. Bulgular: Müdahale grubundaki kadınların ruh sağlıklarında zaman içinde meydana gelen değişimin anlamlı olduğu belirlendi (p<0,05). Müdahale grubundaki depresyon belirtileri olan gebelerin ruh sağlığı düzeyindeki değişimin grup-zaman etkileşimi anlamlıydı (p<0,05). Deney ve kontrol gruplarının ruh sağlığı son test puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p<0,05). Anneye bağlanmada grup puanları benzerdi (p˃0,05). Sonuç: Gebelere uygulanan kahkaha terapisi, müzik dinleme ve günlük tutma müdahalelerinin doğum sonrası dönemde ruh sağlığının iyileştirilmesinde fark yarattığı görüldü. Bu tür müdahalelerin kullanımı kolay, invazif olmayan ve uygun maliyetli bir yöntem olarak önerilmektedir.

Keywords

• Doğum öncesi bakım
• depresyon
• günlük
• kahkaha terapisi
• maternal bağlanma
• müzik dinleme

The Effects of Laughter Therapy, Music Listening and Diary Keeping Given to Pregnant Women on Mental Health and Maternal Attachment Levels in Postpartum Period

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of laughter therapy, listening to music, and diary keeping interventions during pregnancy on the mother's mental health and the level of maternal attachment in the postpartum period. Material and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study. The study consisted of 50 pregnant women, 25 in intervention, and 25 in control groups. Interventions consisted of listening to music, laughter therapy and diary keeping for six weeks. Data were collected with the Beck Depression Inventory, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, Brief Symptom Inventory, and Maternal Attachment Scale. Results: It was determined that the change in mental health of women in the intervention group over time was significant (p<0.05). The group-time interaction of the change in mental health level of pregnant women with depression symptoms in the intervention group was significant (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the mental health post-test scores of the experimental and control groups (p<0.05). Group scores were similar in maternal attachment (p˃0.05). Conclusion: Laughter therapy, music listening, and diary keeping interventions applied to pregnant women made a difference in improving mental health in the postpartum period. Such procedures suggest an easy-to-use, non-invasive and cost-effective method.

Keywords

• Antenatal care
• depression
• diary
• laughter therapy
• maternal attachment
• music listening

References

1. Garcia Gonzalez J, Ventura Miranda MI, Manchon Garcia F, Pallares Ruiz TI, Marin Gascon ML, Requena Mullor M, et al. Effects of prenatal music stimulation on fetal cardiac state, newborn anthropometric measurements and vital signs of pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial. Complementary therapies in clinical practice. 2017; 27: 61-7.
2. WHO. Maternal Mental Health 2018. [Updated: 2018; Cited: 2022 Jul 9]. [Available from: https://www.who.int/mental_health/maternal-child/maternal_mental_health/en/.
3. Fancourt D, Perkins R. Could listening to music during pregnancy be protective against postnatal depression and poor wellbeing post birth? Longitudinal associations from a preliminary prospective cohort study. BMJ open. 2018; 8(7): e021251.
4. Lin PZ, Xue JM, Yang B, Li M, Cao FL. Effectiveness of self-help psychological interventions for treating and preventing postpartum depression: a meta-analysis. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2018; 21(5): 491-503.
5. Ay F, Tektaş E, Mak A, Aktay N. Postpartum depression and the factors affecting it: 2000-2017 study results. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. 2018; 9(3): 147-52.
6. McNamara J, Townsend ML, Herbert JS. A systemic review of maternal wellbeing and its relationship with maternal fetal attachment and early postpartum bonding. PLoS One. 2019; 14(7): e0220032.
7. Śliwerski A, Kossakowska K, Jarecka K, Świtalska J, Bielawska-Batorowicz E. The Effect of Maternal Depression on Infant Attachment: A Systematic Review. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2020; 17(8): 1-42.
8. Wadephul F, Jones C, Jomeen J. The ımpact of antenatal psychological group ınterventions on psychological well-being: a systematic review of the qualitative and quantitative evidence. Healthcare (Basel). 2016; 4(2): 32.

9. Domínguez-Solís E, Lima-Serrano M, Lima-Rodríguez JS. Non-pharmacological interventions to reduce anxiety in pregnancy, labour and postpartum: A systematic review. Midwifery. 2021; 102: 103126.
10. Lee YJ, Kim MA, Park HJ. Effects of a laughter programme with entrainment music on stress, depression, and health-related quality of life among gynaecological cancer patients. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2020; 39: 101118.
11. Farifteh S, Mohammadi-Aria A, Kiamanesh A, Mofid B. The impact of laughter yoga on the stress of cancer patients before chemotherapy. Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2014; 7(4): 179-83.
12. Yim J. Therapeutic benefits of laughter in mental health: a theoretical review. The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2016; 239(3): 243-9.
13. Han JH, Park KM, Park H. Effects of laughter therapy on depression and sleep among patients at long-term care hospitals. Korean J Adult Nurs. 2017; 29(5): 560-8.
14. Zhao J, Yin H, Zhang G, Li G, Shang B, Wang C, et al. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of laughter and humour interventions on depression, anxiety and sleep quality in adults. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2019; 75(11): 2435-48.
15. Tanaka A, Tokuda N, Ichihara K. Psychological and physiological effects of laughter yoga sessions in Japan: A pilot study. Nursing & Health Sciences, 2018; 20(3): 304-12.
16. Fujisawa A, Ota A, Matsunaga M, Li Y, Kakizaki M, Naito H, et al. Effect of laughter yoga on salivary cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone among healthy university students: A randomized controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2018; 32: 6-11.
17. Özer Z, Ateş S. Effects of laughter yoga on hemodialysis patients' plasma-beta endorphin levels, pain levels and sleep quality: A randomized controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2021; 43: 101382.
18. Ciğerci Y, Kısacık ÖG, Özyürek P, Çevik C. Nursing music intervention: A systematic mapping study. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2019; 35: 109-20.
19. Corbijn van Willenswaard K, Lynn F, McNeill J, McQueen K, Dennis C-L, Lobel M, et al. Music interventions to reduce stress and anxiety in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry. 2017; 17(1): 271.
20. Nwebube C, Glover V, Stewart L. Prenatal listening to songs composed for pregnancy and symptoms of anxiety and depression: a pilot study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2017; 17(1): 256.
21. Liu YH, Lee CS, Yu CH, Chen CH. Effects of music listening on stress, anxiety, and sleep quality for sleep-disturbed pregnant women. Women & Health. 2016; 56(3): 296-311.
22. Chang H-C, Yu C-H, Chen S-Y, Chen C-H. The effects of music listening on psychosocial stress and maternal–fetal attachment during pregnancy. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2015; 23(4): 509-15.
23. de Witte M, Spruit A, van Hooren S, Moonen X, Stams GJ. Effects of music interventions on stress-related outcomes: a systematic review and two meta-analyses. Health Psychol Rev. 2020; 14(2): 294-324.
24. Kiyak S, Kocoglu Tanyer D. Evaluation of evidence-based studies as a method for determining the subject of doctoral thesis focused on prenatal care. Archives of Health Science and Research (Online). 2020; 7(1): 104-15.
25. Shiraishi C, Fujimoto T. A Support system for habitual journaling. Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Systems Engineering. 2021; 247-57.
26. Kataria M. Certified laughter yoga leader training manual. Bangalore:Laughter Yoga İnternational University. 2017;1-127. https://cdn.website-editor.net/06ed680e5ce345f7b97fe41299a2f6f9/files/uploaded/English_Leader%2520Mannual_2017_Print.pdf
27. Robb SL, Burns DS, Carpenter JS. Reporting guidelines for music-based interventions. Journal of health psychology. 2011; 16(2): 342-52.
28. Körükcü Ö, Kukulu K. Beden-zihin-ruh bütünlüğünü korumaya yönelik bir program: farkındalık temelli stres azaltma programı. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. 2015; 7(1): 68-80.
29. Alan H, Ege E. The influence of social support on maternal-infant attachment in Turkish society. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences. 2013; 16(4): 234-40.
30. Gokyildiz Surucu S, Ozturk M, Avcibay Vurgec B, Alan S, Akbas M. The effect of music on pain and anxiety of women during labour on first time pregnancy: A study from Turkey. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2018; 30: 96-102.
31. Beck A, Ward C, Mendelsohn M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961; 4: 561-71.
32. Hisli N. Beck depresyon envanterinin üniversite öğrencileri için geçerliği, güvenirliği. Psikoloji Dergisi. 1989; 7(23): 3-13.
33. Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R. Detection of postnatal depression. development of the 10-item edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Br J Psychiatry.1987;150:782-6.
34. Engindeniz A, Kuey L, Kultur S, editors. Validity and reliability of turkish version of edinburgh postnatal depression scale. book of annual meeting of psychiatric association of turkey. Turkish Psychiatric Association Press, Ankara; 1996.
35. Deragotis L, Melisaratos N. The brief symptom inventory. Baltimore: Clinical Psychometric Research. 1992.
36. Hisli sahin N, Batıgün A. Kisa semptom envanteri: türk gençleri için uyarlanmasi. Türk Psikoloji Derg. 1994; 9: 44-56.
37. Muller ME. A questionnaire to measure mother-to-infant attachment. Journal of nursing measurement. 1994; 2(2): 129-41.
38. Kavlak O, Şirin A. Maternal bağlanma ölçeğinin Türk toplumuna uyarlanması. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi. 2009; 6(1): 188-202.
39. Armat MR, Emami Zeydi A, Mokarami H, Nakhlband A, Hojjat SK. The impact of laughter yoga on depression and anxiety among retired women: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Women Aging. 2022; 34(1): 31-42.
40. Heidari M, Ghodusi Borujeni M, Rezaei P, Kabirian Abyaneh S, Heidari K. Effect of laughter therapy on depression and quality of life of the elderly living in nursing homes. Malays J Med Sci. 2020; 27(4): 119-29.
41. Gonot-Schoupinsky FN, Garip G. Laughter and humour interventions for well-being in older adults: A systematic review and intervention classification. Complement Ther Med. 2018; 38: 85-91.
42. Kendig S, Keats JP, Hoffman MC, Kay LB, Miller ES, Moore Simas TA, et al. Consensus bundle on maternal mental health: perinatal depression and anxiety. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2017; 129(3): 422-30.
43. Owais S, Chow CHT, Furtado M, Frey BN, Van Lieshout RJ. Non-pharmacological interventions for improving postpartum maternal sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 2018; 41: 87-100.
44. Shobeiri F, Khaledi S, Masoumi SZ, Roshanaei GJIJoMR. The effect of music therapy counseling on sleep quality in pregnant women. J International Journal of Medical Research Health Sciences. 2016; 5(9): 408-16.
45. Wulff V, Hepp P, Wolf OT, Balan P, Hagenbeck C, Fehm T, et al. The effects of a music and singing intervention during pregnancy on maternal well-being and mother-infant bonding: a randomised, controlled study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2021; 303(1): 69-83.
46. Lee SM. [The effects of music therapy on postpartum blues and maternal attachment of puerperal women]. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2010; 40(1): 60-8.