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Tooth Discoloration and Treatment Options in Children

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 282 - 290, 10.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.33631/sabd.1219851

Öz

Esthetic problems in childhood and adolescence have a significant impact on psychosocial development and peer relationships. Therefore abnormalities in the shape, size, color and structure of all or some of the anterior teeth of children cause such psychological problems. According to studies, children in the age group of 4-5 may have negative social perceptions and self-perceptions regarding changing dental esthetics. Today tooth discoloration is a common esthetic problem and it’s known that the population of young patients who want teeth whitening treatment has increased in modern day dentistry.
Tooth color is determined by the combination of colors in the inner layers and the presence of stains on the outer surface of the tooth. Inner tooth color is related to the light scattering and absorption properties of enamel and dentin. The translucent nature of enamel causes the color of the dentin layer to be reflected on the tooth surface. Today, with the developing technology, the variety of materials has increased and there have been updates in the contents of the agents used in tooth whitening. In this study, current literature information on the use of teeth whitening treatments in pediatric dentistry will be presented by compiling.

Kaynakça

  • Goldstein RE, Ronald E. Goldstein’s: Esthetics in Dentistry. In: Ronald E, editor. Goldstein’s: Esthetics in Dentistry. Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons Inc; 2018. p. 325-52.
  • Watts A, Addy M. Tooth discolouration and staining: a review of the literature. Br Dent J. 2001;190(6): 309-16.
  • Heymann HO, Ritter A V. Additional conservative esthetic procedures. In: In Sturdevant’s Art and Science of Operative Dentistry. Elsevier; 2018. p. 264-305.
  • Manuel S, Abhishek P, Kundabala M. Etiology of tooth discoloration- a review. Nig Dent J. 2010; 18(22): 56-63.
  • Brookes ZLS, Bescos R, Belfield LA, Ali K, Roberts A. Current uses of chlorhexidine for management of oral disease: a narrative review. J Dent. 2020;103.
  • Suleiman M. An overview of tooth discoloration: extrinsic, intrinsic and internalized stains. Dent Update. 2005; 32(8): 463-71.
  • Aschheim KW. Bleaching and related agents. In: Esthetic Dentistry: A Clinical Approach to Techniques and Materials, Third Edition. 2014. p. 252-80.
  • Çelik Ç. Diş renklenmelerinin tedavisi. Turkiye Klin J Restor Dent-Special Top. 2017; 3(2).
  • Ghanim A, Silva MJ, Elfrink MEC, Lygidakis NA, Mariño RJ, Weerheijm KL, et al. Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) training manual for clinical field surveys and practice. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2017; 18(4): 225-42.
  • Meraji N, Bolhari B, Rezazadeh Sefideh M, Soheil N. Prevention of tooth discoloration due to calcium-silicate cements: a review. Dent Hypotheses. 2017; 8: 57-60.
  • Mozynska J, Metlerski M, Lipski M, Nowicka A. Tooth discoloration induced by different calcium silicate–based cements: a systematic review of in vitro studies. J Endod. 2017; 43(10): 1593-601.
  • Choi YL, Jang YE, Kim BS, Kim JW, Kim Y. Pre-application of dentin bonding agent prevents discoloration caused by mineral trioxide aggregate. BMC Oral Health. 2020; 20(1): 163.
  • Alqahtani MQ. Tooth-bleaching procedures and their controversial effects : a literature review. Saudi Dent J. 2014; 26(2): 33-46.
  • Ozduman ZC, Celik C. Diş renkleşmeleri ve beyazlatma tedavileri: tooth discolorations and bleaching. Yeditepe Dent J. 2017; (26): 37-44.
  • Kim BI, Jeong SH, Jang SO, Kim KN, Kwon HK, Park YD. Tooth whitening effect of toothpastes containing nano-hydroxyapatite. Key Eng Mater. 2006; 309-311: 541-4.
  • Carey CM. Tooth Whitening: What we now know. J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2014; 14: 70-6.
  • de Freitas MR, de Carvalho MM, Liporoni PCS, Fort ACB, Moura RM, Zanatta RF. Effectiveness and adverse effects of over-the-counter whitening products on dental tissues. Front Dent Med. 2021; 2: 1-9.
  • Naidu AS, Bennani V, Brunton P. Over-the-counter tooth whitening agents: a review of literature. Braz Dent J. 2020; 31(3): 221-35.
  • Bryan RAE, Welbury RR. Treatment of aesthetic problems in paediatric dentistry. Dent Update. 2003; 30(6): 307-13.
  • immerli B, Jeger F, Lussi A. Bleaching of nonvital teeth: a clinically relevant literature review. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed. 2010; 120(4): 306-20.
  • Pintado-Palomino K, Peitl Filho O, Zanotto ED, Tirapelli C. A clinical , randomized , controlled study on the use of desensitizing agents during tooth bleaching. J Dent. 2015; 43: 1099-105.
  • Bordea IR, Candrea S, Alexescu GT, Bran S, Baciut M, Baciut G, et al. Nano-hydroxyapatite use in dentistry: a systematic review. Drug Metab Rev. 2020; 52(2): 319-32.
  • Li Y, Greenwall L. Safety issues of tooth whitening using peroxide-based materials. Br Dent J. 2013; 215(1): 29-34.
  • Suresh S, Navit S, Khan SA, Sharma A, Jabeen S, Grover N, et al. Effect of diode laser office bleaching on mineral content and surface topography of enamel surface: an SEM study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2020; 13(5): 481-5.
  • Pathak K, Kumar P, Choudhary A, Shekh TM, Gosai P, Patnana AK. Comparative analysis of shear bond strength of composites to the sodium ascorbate hydrogel-treated bleached enamel surfaces: An in vitro analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2021; 14(6): 741-7.
  • Policy on the use of dental bleaching for child and adolescent patients. Pediatr Dent. 2018; 40(6): 92-4.
  • Monteiro J, Ashley PF, Parekh S. Vital bleaching for children with dental anomalies: EAPD members’ survey. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2020; 21(5): 565-71.
  • Griffiths F, Parekh S. Is it time to reconsider the use of vital teeth bleaching in children and adolescents in Europe? Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2021; 22(4): 759-63.
  • Greenwall-Cohen J, Greenwall L, Haywood V, Harley K. Tooth whitening for the under-18-year-old patient. Br Dent J. 2018; 225(1): 19-26.
  • Bacaksiz A, Tulunoglu O, Tulunoglu I. Efficacy and stability of two in-office bleaching agents in adolescents: 12 months follow-up. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2016; 40(4): 269-73.
  • Rogers HJ, Yesudian G, Rodd HD. Unusual extrinsic staining following microabrasion in a girl with amelogenesis imperfecta. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2016; 17(4): 271-5.
  • Tripathi R, Cohen S, Khanduri N. Coronal tooth discoloration after the use of white mineral trioxide aggregate. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2020; 12: 409-14.
  • Khedmat S, Ahmadi E, Meraji N, Fallah ZF. Colorimetric comparison of internal bleaching with and without removing mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on induced coronal tooth discoloration by MTA. Int J Dent. 2021; 2021: 8319986.
  • Croll TP, Donly KJ. Tooth bleaching in children and teens. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2014; 26(3): 147-50.
  • Sundfeld RH, Sundfeld-Neto D, Machado LS, Franco LM, Cestari FT, Briso AL. Microabrasion in tooth enamel discoloration defects : three cases with long-term follow-ups. J Appl Oral Sci. 2014; 22(4): 347-54.
  • Sundfeld D, Pavani C, Pini N, Machado L. Enamel microabrasion and dental bleaching on teeth presenting severe-pitted enamel fluorosis : a case report. Oper Dent. 2019; 44(6): 566-73.
  • Costa JLSG, Nogueira BR, de Oliveira Junior OB, Pretel H. Association of microabrasion and tooth whitening with LED / laser system in the treatment of incisor hypomineralization : 3-year follow-up. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021; 33: 102197.
  • Munoz M, Arana-Gordillo L, Gomes G, Gomes O, Bombarda N, Reis A, et al. Alternative esthetic management of fluorosis and hypoplasia stains : blending effect obtained with resin infiltration techniques. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2013; 25(1): 32-9.
  • Meng Q, Zhang J, Meng J. Clinical study of opalescence whitening and ICON penetrating resin technology in bleaching for dental fluorosis. J Oral Sci Res. 2017; 33(9): 987-90.
  • Daryakenari G, Sanjari K, Ebrahimizadeh H. Minimally invasive management of dental fluorosis with a combination technique: a case report. J Dent Sch. 2019; 37(2): 73-6.

Çocuklarda Diş Renklenmeleri ve Tedavi Seçenekleri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 282 - 290, 10.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.33631/sabd.1219851

Öz

Çocukluk ve ergenlik döneminde var olan estetik sorunlar psikososyal gelişim ile akran ilişkileri üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Çocukların ön dişlerinin tamamının veya bir kısmının şekil, boyut, renk ve yapısındaki anormalliklerin ise sorunlara yol açtığı bilinmektedir. Çalışmalarda 4-5 yaş grubundaki çocukların, değişen diş estetiğine ilişkin olumsuz sosyal algılara ve özlük algılarına sahip olabilecekleri belirtilmiştir. Diş renklenmeleri ise diş hekimliğinde sık görülen bir estetik sorundur ve son yıllarda diş beyazlatma isteğinde bulunan genç hasta popülasyonunun arttığı bildirilmektedir.
Diş rengini, iç tabakalardaki renklerin kombinasyonu ve dişin dış yüzeyinde oluşan lekelerin varlığı belirlemektedir. İç tabakalardaki diş rengi, mine ile dentinin ışığı dağıtma ve absorbsiyon özelliklerine bağlı değişmektedir. Minenin translusent yapıda oluşu dentin tabakasının renginin diş yüzeyinde yansımasına neden olur ve dentinin optik özellikleri diş rengini belirlemede önemli rol oynar. Beyazlatma işlemi, lekenin fiziksel olarak çıkarılması veya diş renk tonun açılması için kimyasal bir reaksiyon gerçekleştirilmesidir. Beyazlatma kromojenlerin kimyasal yapısının bozulması olarak da tanımlanmaktadır. Diş beyazlatma tedavileri ile ilgili ilk uygulamaların tarihi çok eski yıllara dayanmaktadır. Ancak günümüzde gelişen teknoloji ile materyal çeşitliliği artmış, beyazlatma tedavilerinde kullanılan ajan içeriklerinde güncellemeler olmuştur. Bu makalede çocuklarda dişlerde renklenme nedenleri ve diş beyazlatma tedavilerinin çocuk diş hekimliğinde kullanım alanları güncel literatür bilgileri derlenerek sunulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Goldstein RE, Ronald E. Goldstein’s: Esthetics in Dentistry. In: Ronald E, editor. Goldstein’s: Esthetics in Dentistry. Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons Inc; 2018. p. 325-52.
  • Watts A, Addy M. Tooth discolouration and staining: a review of the literature. Br Dent J. 2001;190(6): 309-16.
  • Heymann HO, Ritter A V. Additional conservative esthetic procedures. In: In Sturdevant’s Art and Science of Operative Dentistry. Elsevier; 2018. p. 264-305.
  • Manuel S, Abhishek P, Kundabala M. Etiology of tooth discoloration- a review. Nig Dent J. 2010; 18(22): 56-63.
  • Brookes ZLS, Bescos R, Belfield LA, Ali K, Roberts A. Current uses of chlorhexidine for management of oral disease: a narrative review. J Dent. 2020;103.
  • Suleiman M. An overview of tooth discoloration: extrinsic, intrinsic and internalized stains. Dent Update. 2005; 32(8): 463-71.
  • Aschheim KW. Bleaching and related agents. In: Esthetic Dentistry: A Clinical Approach to Techniques and Materials, Third Edition. 2014. p. 252-80.
  • Çelik Ç. Diş renklenmelerinin tedavisi. Turkiye Klin J Restor Dent-Special Top. 2017; 3(2).
  • Ghanim A, Silva MJ, Elfrink MEC, Lygidakis NA, Mariño RJ, Weerheijm KL, et al. Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) training manual for clinical field surveys and practice. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2017; 18(4): 225-42.
  • Meraji N, Bolhari B, Rezazadeh Sefideh M, Soheil N. Prevention of tooth discoloration due to calcium-silicate cements: a review. Dent Hypotheses. 2017; 8: 57-60.
  • Mozynska J, Metlerski M, Lipski M, Nowicka A. Tooth discoloration induced by different calcium silicate–based cements: a systematic review of in vitro studies. J Endod. 2017; 43(10): 1593-601.
  • Choi YL, Jang YE, Kim BS, Kim JW, Kim Y. Pre-application of dentin bonding agent prevents discoloration caused by mineral trioxide aggregate. BMC Oral Health. 2020; 20(1): 163.
  • Alqahtani MQ. Tooth-bleaching procedures and their controversial effects : a literature review. Saudi Dent J. 2014; 26(2): 33-46.
  • Ozduman ZC, Celik C. Diş renkleşmeleri ve beyazlatma tedavileri: tooth discolorations and bleaching. Yeditepe Dent J. 2017; (26): 37-44.
  • Kim BI, Jeong SH, Jang SO, Kim KN, Kwon HK, Park YD. Tooth whitening effect of toothpastes containing nano-hydroxyapatite. Key Eng Mater. 2006; 309-311: 541-4.
  • Carey CM. Tooth Whitening: What we now know. J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2014; 14: 70-6.
  • de Freitas MR, de Carvalho MM, Liporoni PCS, Fort ACB, Moura RM, Zanatta RF. Effectiveness and adverse effects of over-the-counter whitening products on dental tissues. Front Dent Med. 2021; 2: 1-9.
  • Naidu AS, Bennani V, Brunton P. Over-the-counter tooth whitening agents: a review of literature. Braz Dent J. 2020; 31(3): 221-35.
  • Bryan RAE, Welbury RR. Treatment of aesthetic problems in paediatric dentistry. Dent Update. 2003; 30(6): 307-13.
  • immerli B, Jeger F, Lussi A. Bleaching of nonvital teeth: a clinically relevant literature review. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed. 2010; 120(4): 306-20.
  • Pintado-Palomino K, Peitl Filho O, Zanotto ED, Tirapelli C. A clinical , randomized , controlled study on the use of desensitizing agents during tooth bleaching. J Dent. 2015; 43: 1099-105.
  • Bordea IR, Candrea S, Alexescu GT, Bran S, Baciut M, Baciut G, et al. Nano-hydroxyapatite use in dentistry: a systematic review. Drug Metab Rev. 2020; 52(2): 319-32.
  • Li Y, Greenwall L. Safety issues of tooth whitening using peroxide-based materials. Br Dent J. 2013; 215(1): 29-34.
  • Suresh S, Navit S, Khan SA, Sharma A, Jabeen S, Grover N, et al. Effect of diode laser office bleaching on mineral content and surface topography of enamel surface: an SEM study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2020; 13(5): 481-5.
  • Pathak K, Kumar P, Choudhary A, Shekh TM, Gosai P, Patnana AK. Comparative analysis of shear bond strength of composites to the sodium ascorbate hydrogel-treated bleached enamel surfaces: An in vitro analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2021; 14(6): 741-7.
  • Policy on the use of dental bleaching for child and adolescent patients. Pediatr Dent. 2018; 40(6): 92-4.
  • Monteiro J, Ashley PF, Parekh S. Vital bleaching for children with dental anomalies: EAPD members’ survey. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2020; 21(5): 565-71.
  • Griffiths F, Parekh S. Is it time to reconsider the use of vital teeth bleaching in children and adolescents in Europe? Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2021; 22(4): 759-63.
  • Greenwall-Cohen J, Greenwall L, Haywood V, Harley K. Tooth whitening for the under-18-year-old patient. Br Dent J. 2018; 225(1): 19-26.
  • Bacaksiz A, Tulunoglu O, Tulunoglu I. Efficacy and stability of two in-office bleaching agents in adolescents: 12 months follow-up. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2016; 40(4): 269-73.
  • Rogers HJ, Yesudian G, Rodd HD. Unusual extrinsic staining following microabrasion in a girl with amelogenesis imperfecta. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2016; 17(4): 271-5.
  • Tripathi R, Cohen S, Khanduri N. Coronal tooth discoloration after the use of white mineral trioxide aggregate. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2020; 12: 409-14.
  • Khedmat S, Ahmadi E, Meraji N, Fallah ZF. Colorimetric comparison of internal bleaching with and without removing mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on induced coronal tooth discoloration by MTA. Int J Dent. 2021; 2021: 8319986.
  • Croll TP, Donly KJ. Tooth bleaching in children and teens. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2014; 26(3): 147-50.
  • Sundfeld RH, Sundfeld-Neto D, Machado LS, Franco LM, Cestari FT, Briso AL. Microabrasion in tooth enamel discoloration defects : three cases with long-term follow-ups. J Appl Oral Sci. 2014; 22(4): 347-54.
  • Sundfeld D, Pavani C, Pini N, Machado L. Enamel microabrasion and dental bleaching on teeth presenting severe-pitted enamel fluorosis : a case report. Oper Dent. 2019; 44(6): 566-73.
  • Costa JLSG, Nogueira BR, de Oliveira Junior OB, Pretel H. Association of microabrasion and tooth whitening with LED / laser system in the treatment of incisor hypomineralization : 3-year follow-up. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021; 33: 102197.
  • Munoz M, Arana-Gordillo L, Gomes G, Gomes O, Bombarda N, Reis A, et al. Alternative esthetic management of fluorosis and hypoplasia stains : blending effect obtained with resin infiltration techniques. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2013; 25(1): 32-9.
  • Meng Q, Zhang J, Meng J. Clinical study of opalescence whitening and ICON penetrating resin technology in bleaching for dental fluorosis. J Oral Sci Res. 2017; 33(9): 987-90.
  • Daryakenari G, Sanjari K, Ebrahimizadeh H. Minimally invasive management of dental fluorosis with a combination technique: a case report. J Dent Sch. 2019; 37(2): 73-6.
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Diş Hekimliği
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Melis Yazır Kavan 0000-0001-7385-0637

Yeliz Güven 0000-0002-4637-6025

Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Mayıs 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Aralık 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Yazır Kavan M, Güven Y. Çocuklarda Diş Renklenmeleri ve Tedavi Seçenekleri. SABD. 2023;13(2):282-90.