Savunma ve Güvenlik Alanında Yenilik Yönetimi ve Yapay Zekâ Söylemleri: Türkiye Savunma Sektörü Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye savunma sanayii bağlamında yenilik yönetimi ile yapay zekâ temelli teknolojik dönüşümün örgütsel düzeyde nasıl kesiştiğini ve bu kesişimin kurumsal dönüşüm süreçlerini nasıl yapılandırdığını incelemektedir. Savunma sektöründe dijitalleşme, otomasyon ve yapay zekâ temelli karar süreçlerinin yalnızca teknik bir kapasite artışına değil, örgütsel ve stratejik dönüşümün yönlendirici unsuruna dönüştüğü varsayılmaktadır. Araştırma, Defense News Top 100 listesinde yer alan Türk savunma firmalarının (ASELSAN, TUSAŞ, ROKETSAN, ASFAT ve MKE) kurumsal raporları, strateji belgeleri ve kamuya açık açıklamalarına yönelik söylem ve içerik analizine dayanmaktadır. Kodlama süreci, Burke–Litwin örgütsel dönüşüm modeli ve Askerî İşlerde Devrim (Revolution in Military Affairs; RMA) teorisinin kavramsal boyutlarından hareketle hem dedüktif hem indüktif biçimde yürütülmüş; iki araştırmacı tarafından gerçekleştirilen çapraz kodlama sonucunda güvenirlik sağlanmıştır. Bulgular, yenilik yönetimi söylemlerinin Ar-Ge ekosistemi, yetkinlik geliştirme, kurumsal kültür ve stratejik vizyon aracılığıyla şekillendiğini; yapay zekâ söylemlerinin ise otonomi, karar destek, verimlilik, etik ve güvenlik temaları etrafında kurumsal meşruiyetle ilişkilendirildiğini göstermektedir. RMA çerçevesi, yapay zekânın yalnızca teknoloji yatırımı olmanın ötesine geçerek karar süreçlerini, örgütsel yapıları ve savunma doktrinlerini dönüştüren bütüncül bir paradigma olarak kavramsallaştırıldığını ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuçlar, savunma sanayii kurumlarında yenilik söylemlerinin teknik üretim kapasitesini aşarak kurumsal kimlik, meşruiyet ve stratejik konumlanmanın kurucu bileşeni hâline geldiğini göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışma, yönetim-organizasyon literatürü ile güvenlik çalışmalarının teknolojik eksenini bir araya getiren analitik bir çerçeve sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yenilik Yönetimi
• Yapay Zekâ
• Örgütsel Dönüşüm
• Güvenlik
• Savunma Sektörü

Innovation Management and Artificial Intelligence Discourses in Defense and Security: A Qualitative Study on the Turkish Defense Sector

Öz

This study examines how innovation management and artificial intelligence–based technological transformation intersect at the organizational level within the context of the Turkish defense industry, and how this intersection structures processes of institutional transformation. It assumes that digitalization, automation, and AI-driven decision-making processes in the defense sector do not solely enhance technical capacity but also constitute drivers of organizational and strategic transformation. The research relies on discourse and content analysis of annual reports, strategic documents, and publicly available statements published by Turkish defense companies listed in the Defense News Top 100 ranking (ASELSAN, TUSAŞ, ROKETSAN, ASFAT, and MKE). The coding process was conducted through a combined deductive and inductive approach informed by the conceptual dimensions of the Burke–Litwin organizational transformation model and the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) theory, and reliability was ensured through cross-coding by two researchers. Findings indicate that innovation management discourse is shaped through themes related to R&D ecosystem development, capability building, organizational culture, and strategic vision, while AI discourse is associated with autonomy, decision support, efficiency, ethics, and security as components of institutional legitimacy. The RMA perspective demonstrates that AI is conceptualized not merely as a technological investment but as an integrated paradigm transforming decision-making, organizational structures, and defense doctrines. Overall, the results suggest that innovation discourse in the defense sector transcends technical production capacity and functions as a constitutive element of institutional identity, legitimacy construction, and strategic positioning. Accordingly, the study offers an analytical framework that bridges management-organization scholarship with the technology-focused orientation of security studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Innovation Management
• Artificial Intelligence
• Organizational Transformation
• Security
• Defense Sector

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