Use of distraction by nursing students to care patients’ pain: A focus-group study

Öz

Aim: Pain is an important stimulus to the body. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods are
used in pain management. The aim of this study is to determine the methods used by nursing students while
using the “distraction techniques” method in pain management and the ways of applying these methods, and to
determine what problems they encounter during the application process. Method: The focus-group interview,
one of the qualitative methods, was used in this study. The sample of the research consisted of first, second,
third and fourth year students who had experienced clinical practice and who volunteered to participate in the
study. The data for the study were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire form which consisted of
six questions regarding their approach to pain. Qualitative data obtained from the interviews were recorded.
Seven focus group interviews were held with 69 nursing students. The recorded interviews were transcribed
and interpreted. The data were analyzed by the two researchers. In terms of the qualitative data analysis, three
themes and 16 sub themes emerged. Result: The nursing students (N=69) defined a “distraction” as “ensuring
someone forgets about the pain” and their techniques included chatting, watching TV, activities enjoyed by
the patient, visualizations, breathing exercises, games, mobilization and hot and cold applications. The most
common difficulty that students experience in using these methods is the high number of patients. Conclusion:
The study showed that students often preferred to use distraction in pain management during clinical practice.
It is thought that the reason why students often use this method is because they have an independent role in
the application and the method is easy. It was determined that students frequently used cognitive-behavioral
techniques and physical techniques to distraction. Nursing students believe that distraction is effective in
reducing the pain of the patient.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nursing students
• pain management
• focus group.
• distraction

Hemşirelik öğrencileri tarafından ağrılı hastaya bakımda dikkati başka yöne çekme yönteminin kullanılması: Odak grup çalışması

Öz

Amaç: Ağrı vücut için önemli bir uyarandır. Ağrı tedavisinde hem farmakolojik hem de farmakolojik olmayan yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Araştırma, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin ağrı yönetimi için hangi dikkat dağıtma tekniklerini kullandıklarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Görüşmelerden elde edilen nitel veriler kayıt altına alınmıştır. Bu çalışmanın analiz birimleri kelimeler veya kavramlar, temalar ve aynı kavramları veya temaları tanımlayan konu sayısıdır. Sonuç: Hemşirelik öğrencileri (N=69) Öğrenciler "dikkati başka yöne çekme" yöntemini "ağrının unutulmasını sağlama" olarak tanımlarken, yöntemi uygulama şeklini; sohbet etme, televizyon izletme, sevdiği aktiviteleri yaptırma (müzik dinletme gibi), hayal kurdurma, solunum egzersizi yaptırma, oyun oynatma, mobilize etme ve sıcak-soğuk uygulama yaptırma olarak ifade etmişlerdir. Öğrencilerin bu yöntemleri kullanırken yaşadıkları en yaygın zorluk hasta sayısının fazla olmasıdır. Sonuç: Çalışma, öğrencilerin klinik uygulamalar sırasında ağrı yönetiminde sıklıkla dikkat dağıtmayı tercih ettiklerini göstermiştir. Hastanın ağrısını etkili bir şekilde yönetmek önemlidir.Bu nedenle öğrencilerin eğitimleri süresince ağrı yönetimine ilişkin bilgi ve uygulamalarını geliştirecek planlamaların yapılması gereklidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hemşirelik öğrencileri
• ağrı yönetimi
• dikkati başka yöne çekme

Kaynakça

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