Kadın cinsel sağlığında genital estetik cerrahinin rolü, uluslararası rehberler ve bakım önerileri

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1 , 219 - 229 , 31.03.2026

Gizem Aydemir , Esra Ecemiş , Meltem Uğurlu

https://doi.org/10.52880/sagakaderg.1814092

https://izlik.org/JA42GG76PD

Öz

Kadın genital estetik cerrahisi, beden imajı, cinsel sağlık ve yaşam kalitesini iyileştirmeyi hedefleyen müdahalelerdir. Sosyal medya, kültürel normlar ve beden imajı, kadınların genital organlarının görünümüne yönelik algılarını şekillendirip, estetik cerrahiyi tercih etmelerinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Kadınların genital estetik cerrahiye başvurma nedenleri arasında genital organlarının görünümünden memnuniyetsizlik, cinsel tatminsizlik ve cinsel işlev bozuklukları yer almaktadır. Genital estetik amaçlı uygulanan cerrahi işlemler kadınların cinsel işlev, cinsel tatmin ve özsaygı düzeylerini artırmakla birlikte bazı potansiyel riskleri ve komplikasyonları da bulunmaktadır. Cerrahi işleme bağlı gelişebilen enfeksiyon, hematom, asimetri gibi komplikasyonlara bağlı cinsel işlev bozuklukları artabilir ve kadınların fiziksel ve psikolojik sağlığını olumsuz yönde etkilenebilir. Bu nedenle, genital estetik cerrahi kararı verilmeden önce, kadınlar fiziksel ve psikolojik olarak kapsamlı şekilde değerlendirilmelidir. Bu derleme makalede, genital estetik cerrahi işlemlerinin kadın cinsel sağlığı üzerine etkileri mevcut çalışmalar ve rehberler doğrultusunda değerlendirilerek kadın sağlığını olumlu yönde etkileyecek kapsamda literatüre katkı sağlanması hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kadın Sağlığı , Cinsel Sağlık , Genital Estetik Cerrahi

Etik Beyan

Yok

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Teşekkür

Yok

The role of genital cosmetic surgery in women's sexual health, international guidelines and care recommendations

https://izlik.org/JA42GG76PD

Öz

Female genital cosmetic surgery refers to procedures aimed at improving body image, sexual health, and quality of life. Social media, cultural norms, and body image shape women's perceptions of the appearance of their genital organs and play a significant role in their decision to undergo cosmetic surgery. The reasons women seek genital cosmetic surgery include dissatisfaction with the appearance of their genital organs, sexual dissatisfaction, and sexual dysfunction. Surgical procedures performed for genital Cosmeticpurposes increase women's sexual function, sexual satisfaction, and self-esteem, but they also carry certain potential risks and complications. Sexual dysfunction associated with complications such as infection, hematoma, and asymmetry that may develop due to surgical procedures may increase and negatively affect women's physical and psychological health. Therefore, before deciding on genital cosmetic surgery, women should be thoroughly evaluated both physically and psychologically. This review article aims to contribute to the literature by evaluating the effects of genital Cosmeticsurgery on women's sexual health in line with current studies and guidelines, with the goal of positively impacting women's health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Women , Sexual Health , Genital Cosmetic Surgery

Etik Beyan

None

Destekleyen Kurum

None

Teşekkür

None

Kaynakça

• Alavi-Arjas, F., Goodman, M. P., Simbar, M., Majd, H. A., Sharp, G., & Nahidi, F. (2023). The effect of female genital cosmetic and reconstructive procedures on body and genital self-image: A systematic review and meta-analysis. CosmeticSurgery Journal, 43(10), 1161-1173.
• Al Salehi, A., Zemmache, M. Z., Allegre, L., Fatton, B., & de Tayrac, R. (2023). Functional and sexual outcomes following surgical vaginal introital reduction. Progrès en Urologie, 33(7), 370-376.
• Alavi-Arjas, F., Goodman, M. P., Simbar, M., Majd, H. A., Nahidi, F., & Rastegar, F. (2025). The effect of vaginal tightening surgery on sexual function: A systematic review. International Urogynecology Journal, 36(1), 11-24.
• Al-Jumah, M. M., Al-Wailiy, S. K., & Al-Badr, A. (2021). Satisfaction survey of women after cosmetic genital procedures: A cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia. In CosmeticSurgery Journal Open Forum. US: Oxford University Press, 3(1),1-9.
• American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists (ACOG). Elective Female Genital Cosmetic Surgery. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committeeopinion/articles/2020/01/elective-female-genital-cosmetic-surgery
• Azar, M., Kroll, T., & Bradbury-Jones, C. (2022). How do nurses and midwives perceive their role in sexual healthcare?. BMC Women's Health, 22(1), 330.
• Azmoude, E., Zagami, S. E., Hooshmand, E., Taheri, E., & Shoorab, N. J. (2024). Female genital cosmetic procedures from the perspective of health practitioners: a systematic review of knowledge, attitude and practice studies. BMC Women's Health, 24(1), 604.
• Barbara, G., Facchin, F., Meschia, M., & Vercellini, P. (2015). “The first cut is the deepest”: a psychological, sexological and gynecological perspective on female genital cosmetic surgery. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 94(9), 915-920.
• Barut, S., Aydın, T. A., & Akto, G. (2024). Women’s attitudes towards genital Cosmeticsurgery and the effects of social media: A qualitative study in the context of Türk Muslim women. Anatolian Journal of Health Research, 5(1), 79-86.
• Caltekin, S. G., & Hamlaci Başkaya, Y. (2025). The effect of genital Cosmeticsurgery on body ımage cathexis and sexual function in women. CosmeticPlastic Surgery, 49(5), 1559-1567.
• Candas, S., & Yesilyurt, T. (2024). Patients' Receipt of Education in the Preoperative Period and Comparison with Patient Satisfaction. Journal of Health and Nursing Management, 11(2), 207-219.
• Çakır, H. (2020). Sosyal medyada bedensel dış görünüm söyleminin kadın bedenini inşası: Sosyolojik bir değerlendirme. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(2), 261-272.
• Daşıkan, Z., Kıratlı, D., & Erdoğan, M. (2019). Kadınların genital görünüm memnuniyeti: Genital kozmetik cerrahi. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi, 16(4), 238-243.
• Desai, S. A., & Dixit, V. V. (2018). Audit of female genital Cosmeticsurgery: changing trends in India. The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India, 68(3), 214-220.
• Eftekhar, T., Hajibabaei, M., Veisi, F., Ghanbari, Z., & Montazeri, A. (2021). Body image, sexual function, and sexual satisfaction among couples before and after gynecologic cosmetic surgery. Journal of Family & Reproductive Health, 15(4), 252-257.
• Ekrami, F., Mirghafourvand, M., & Farzipour, S. (2018). Comparison of the body ımage between women seeking female genital cosmetic surgery and women not ınterested in FGCS: a case control study. Crescent Journal of Medical & Biological Sciences, 5(4), 332-337.
• Erdogan, G. (2021). Experience of vaginoplasty for enhancement of sexual functioning in a center in Turkey: a before and after study. Cureus, 13(4):e14767.
• Erdoğan, G., Geniş, B., Bingöl, T. Y., Gürhan, N., & Aksu, M. H. (2022). The effect of vaginoplasty on coping with stress, self-esteem, and sexual satisfaction in Turkish women: a cross-sectional controlled study. European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 45(6), 951-957.
• Furnas, H. J., Canales, F. L., Pedreira, R. A., Comer, C., Lin, S. J., & Banwell, P. E. (2021). The safe practice of female genital plastic surgery. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery–Global Open, 9(7), e3660.
• Ghorbani, Z., Moghadam, Z. B., Mirghafourvand, M., Vahidnia, F., & Ebrahimi, E. (2023). A comprehensive interventional program based on the needs and concerns related to female genital cosmetic surgeries: protocol for a multistage mixed methods study. Reproductive Health, 20(1), 177.
• Gonzales-Alabastro, C., Eilber, K. S., Anger, J. T., & Berman, J. R. (2019). Female cosmetic genital reconstruction: a review of current trends, treatments, and techniques. Current Sexual Health Reports, 11(1), 44-51.
• Goodman, M. P., Placik, O. J., Matlock, D. L., Simopoulos, A. F., Dalton, T. A., Veale, D., & Hardwick-Smith, S. (2016). Evaluation of body image and sexual satisfaction in women undergoing female genital plastic/cosmetic surgery. CosmeticSurgery Journal, 36(9), 1048-1057.
• Gören, Ş. Y. (2016). Plastik ve rekonstrüktif cerrahi hastalarında ameliyat öncesi ve sonrası dönemde beden imajı ve benlik saygısının değerlendirilmesi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, 4(2), 61-73.
• Hadımlı, A., Sert, E., & Saydam, B. K. (2021). Genital estetik cerrahide Ex-PLISSIT modeli ile danışmanlık ve bakım. Gevher Nesıbe Journal Of Medıcal And Health Scıences, 6(11), 29-38.
• Jamali, S., Abedi, P., Rasekh, A., & Mohammadjafari, R. (2014). The long term effect of elective colpoperineoplasty on sexual function in the reproductive aged women in Iran. International scholarly research notices, 2014(1), 912786.
• Magon, N., & Alinsod, R. (2017). Female cosmetic genital surgery: delivering what women want. The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India, 67(1), 15-19.
• Mazloomdoost, D., Crisp, C. C., Westermann, L. B., Benbouajili, J. M., Kleeman, S. D., & Pauls, R. N. (2015). Survey of male perceptions regarding the vulva. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 213(5), 731.e1-9.
• Montrief, T., Bornstein, K., Ramzy, M., Koyfman, A., & Long, B. J. (2020). Plastic surgery complications: a review for emergency clinicians. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(6), 179-189.
• Okut, G., Kanat, C., & Uğraş, G. A. (2022). Ameliyat öncesi anksiyete kontrolünde hemşirelerin kullandıkları tamamlayıcı yöntemler. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi, 12(2), 363-374.
• Paslakis, G., Chiclana Actis, C., & Mestre-Bach, G. (2022). Associations between pornography exposure, body image and sexual body image: A systematic review. Journal of Health Psychology, 27(3), 743-760.
• Royal College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists (RCOG). Female Genital Mutilation and its Management (Green-top Guideline No. 53). https://www.rcog.org.uk/guidance/browse-all-guidance/green-top-guidelines/female-genital-mutilation-and-its-management-green-top-guideline-no-53/
• Sasanfar, T., Maasoumi, R., Ataei, M., Haghani, S., & Nekoolaltak, M. (2024). Comparative investigation of genital self-image and sexual function in women with and without a history of female genital cosmetic procedures: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, 12(2), 121.
• Sharp, G., Maynard, P., Hudaib, A. R., Hamori, C. A., Oates, J., Kulkarni, J., & Sarwer, D. B. (2020). Do genital cosmetic procedures improve women’s self-esteem? A systematic review and meta-analysis. CosmeticSurgery Journal, 40(10), 1143-1151.
• Sharp, G., Tiggemann, M., & Mattiske, J. (2016). Factors that influence the decision to undergo labiaplasty: media, relationships, and psychological well-being. CosmeticSurgery Journal, 36(4), 469-478.
• Shaw, D., Allen, L., Chan, C., Kives, S., Popadiuk, C., Robertson, D., & Shapiro, J. (2022). Guideline No. 423: female genital cosmetic surgery and procedures. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, 44(2), 204-214.
• The International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery(ISAPS). Global Survey 2023: Full Report and Press Releases. https://www.isaps.org/discover/about-isaps/global-statistics/global-survey-2023-full-report-and-press-releases/
• The International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery(ISAPS). Global Survey 2024: Full Report and Press Releases. https://www.isaps.org/discover/about-isaps/global-statistics/global-survey-2024-full-report-and-press-releases/
• Türk, G. D., & Bayrakcı, S. (2020). Sosyal medya ve toplumda değişen estetik işlem yaptırma algısı. AJIT-e: Academic Journal of Information Technology, 10(39), 118-135.
• Wiśniewska-Ślepaczuk, K., Pieczykolan, A., Grzesik-Gąsior, J., & Wdowiak, A. (2021). A review of aesthetic gynecologic procedures for women. Plastic and Aesthetic Nursing, 41(4), 191-202.