Cancer prevalence, health expenditure and economic output: Panel econometric application

Öz

Introduction and Objectives: From countries’ perspective, chronic diseases, such as cancers, cardiovascular disease, reduce life expectancy and ultimately economic productivity, thus depleting the quality and quantity of countries’ labour force. This may result into lower national output in national income. Moreover, diseases also have an increasing effect on health expenditures. This effect is higher for chronic noncommunicable diseases. Because noncommunicable diseases are often complex cases that require long-term, continuous care. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of cancer disease on economic output and health expenditure. Methods: The effect of cancer on health expenditures was analyzed with the static panel regression equation, and the effect on economic output using the dynamic model. Data in empirical analysis was obtained from the World Bank, Global Health Data Exchange-GHDx database, International Monetary Fund and UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2019) database. STATA 13.0 is used for all estimations. Results: The increase in cancer prevalence has a negative effect on economic output for the period between 2000 and 2017 in OECD countries. It was also concluded that the increase in cancer prevalence has a positive effect on total and public health expenditure per capita in OECD countries between 2004 and 2017. Conclusions: Noncommunicable diseases, such as cancer, emerge as a global social problem. Multi-stakeholder action plans should be developed in partnership with national and international organizations in order to prevent the increase of non-communicable diseases in the society.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Health Economics
• Non- Communicable Diseases
• Cancer
• Panel Data

Kanser prevalansı, sağlık harcaması ve ekonomik çıktı: Panel ekonometrik bir uygulama

Öz

Giriş ve Amaç: Kanser, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar gibi kronik hastalıklar, ortalama yaşam süresi ve nihayetinde ekonomik üretkenliği azaltarak ülkelerin işgücünün kalitesini ve miktarını olumsuz etkiler. Bu durum milli gelirde daha düşük ulusal çıktıya neden olur. Bunun yanı sıra bu hastalıkların sağlık harcamalarını artırıcı etkisi de vardır. Kronik bulaşıcı olmayan hastalıklarda bu etki daha yüksektir. Çünkü bulaşıcı olmayan hastalıklar genellikle uzun süreli ve sürekli bakım gerektiren karmaşık vakalardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kanser hastalığının ekonomik çıktı ve sağlık harcamaları üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Yöntem: Kanserin sağlık harcamalarına etkisi statik panel regresyon denklemi ile, ekonomik çıktı üzerindeki etkisi ise dinamik panel model kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Ampirik analizdeki veriler Dünya Bankası, Küresel Sağlık -GHDx veri tabanı, Uluslararası Para Fonu ve UNESCO İstatistik Enstitüsü (2019) veri tabanından elde edilmiştir. Tüm tahminler için STATA 13.0 programı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: OECD ülkelerinde kanser prevalansındaki artış, 2000-2017 yılları arasında ekonomik çıktı üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahiptir. OECD ülkelerinde 2004 ile 2017 yılları arasında kanser prevalansındaki artışın kişi başına düşen toplam sağlık harcamaları ve kamu sağlık harcamaları üzerinde arttırıcı bir etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Sonuç: Kanser gibi bulaşıcı olmayan hastalıklar küresel bir sosyal sorun olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu hastalıkların toplumda artmasını önlemek için ulusal ve uluslararası kuruluşlarla ortaklaşa çok paydaşlı eylem planları geliştirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sağlık Ekonomisi
• Bulaşıcı Olmayan Hastalıklar
• Kanser
• Panel Veri

Kaynakça

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