COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE HEMŞİRELERİN KORONAVİRÜS KAYGISININ VE UYKU KALİTESİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2024, , 120 - 133, 31.03.2024

Kamile Akça , Meltem Özcan , Seçil Gülhan Güner

https://doi.org/10.25279/sak.1134959

Öz

Giriş: Hemşireler, pandemi döneminde hastalarla uzun süre temasta bulunan, iletişim kuran ve aktif rol oynayan sağlık profesyonelleridir. Pandemi sürecinde hemşirelerin kaygı düzeylerinin ve uyku kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Amaç: Bu çalışma, COVID-19 pandemisinde hemşirelerin koronavirüs kaygısının ve uyku kalitesinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte yapılmış olan bu çalışma 384 hemşire ile tamamlandı. Verilerin toplanmasında “Tanıtıcı Bilgiler Formu”, “Koronavirüs Kaygı Ölçeği” ve “Pittsburgh Uyku Kalite İndeksi (PUKİ)” kullanıldı. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde sayı, yüzdelik dağılımlar, ortalama ve standart sapma, Mann Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis, Dunn testi ve Spearman korelasyon testi yapıldı. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamına alınan hemşirelerin Koronavirüs kaygı ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları 3.14± 3.85 (min: 0, max: 20) olup, PUKİ toplam puan ortalaması 13.29±2.57 (min: 7, max: 20)’dir. Ayrıca Koronavirüs Kaygı Ölçeği ile PUKİ arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki vardır (p<0.001, r=0.318). Sonuç ve Öneriler: Katılımcıların COVID-19 ile ilgili kaygı düzeyinin düşük olduğu ve uyku kalitesinin kötü olduğu saptanmıştır. COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde hemşirelerin, koronavirüs kaygısını azaltmak ve uyku kalitesini artırmak için sürdürülebilir fiziksel ve psikolojik girişimlerle güçlendirilmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

anksiyete, uyku kalitesi, hemşire, COVID-19

Proje Numarası

-

EXAMINATION OF CORONAVIRUS ANXIETY AND SLEEP QUALITY OF NURSES DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Öz

Introduction: Nurses are health professionals who are in contact with patients for a long time, communicate and play an active role during the pandemic period. It is necessary to evaluate the anxiety levels and sleep quality of nurses during the pandemic process. Aim: This study was carried out to examine the coronavirus anxiety and quality of sleep of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was completed with 384 nurses. We collected data using the "Introductory Information Form", "Coronavirus Anxiety Scale" and "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)". The analysis of the obtained data included numbers, percentile distributions, mean and standard deviation, Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis, Dunn test and Spearman correlation test. Results: The total Coronavirus anxiety scale score of the nurses included in the study is 3.14 ± 3.85 (min: 0, max: 20), and the total point average of PSQI is 13.29±2.57 (min: 7, max: 20). There is also a positive significant relationship between the coronavirus anxiety scale and PSQI (p<0.001, r=0.318). Conclusion and Suggestions: Participants were found to have poor sleep quality and with low levels of anxiety about COVID-19. Nurses should be strengthened through sustainable physical and psychological initiatives in order to reduce coronavirus anxiety and improve sleep quality in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, anxiety, sleep quality, nurse

Destekleyen Kurum

-

Proje Numarası

-

Teşekkür

Acknowledgements: We thank the nurses participating in the study.

Kaynakça

• Agargün, M.Y., Kara, H., & Anlar, Ö. (1996). Validity and reliability of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Turkish Psychiatry Magazine. Number 7: 107-15.
• Akıncı, E., & Orhan, F.Ö. (2016). The circadian rhythm sleep disorders. Current Approaches in Psychiatry, 8(2), 178-189. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.81775
• Akıncı, T., & Başar, H. M. (2021). Assessment of sleep quality in healthcare workers as part of the COVID-19 outbreak. Turkish Journal of Neurology, 27, 176-186. https://doi.org/10.4274/tnd.2021.04820
• Akkuzu, H., Soft, F. N., Karaman, G., Ladikli, N., Türkkan, Z., & Bahadır, E. (2020). The reliability and validity of Turkish version of Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry and Psychology, 2(2), 63-67.
• Alper Ay, F., & İçen, B.T. (2021). Evaluation of COVID-19 anxiety and burnout levels of health workers in the 3rd peak periphery of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. The Journal of International Social Research, 14(80), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.17719/jisr.2021.41120
• Arpacıoğlu, M.S., Baltacı, Z., & Ünübol, B. (2021). Burnout, fear of Covid, depression, occupational satisfaction levels and related factors in healthcare professionals in the COVID-19 pandemic. Cukurova Medical Journal, 46(1), 88-100. https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.785609
• Besedovsky, L., Lange, T., & Haack, M. (2019). The sleep-immune crosstalk in health and disease. Physiological Reviews, 99(3), 1325-1380. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00010.2018
• Biçer, İ., Çakmak, C., Demir, H. & Kurt, M. E. (2020). Coronavirus anxiety scale short form: Turkish validity and reliability study. Anadolu Clinic Journal of Medical Sciences 25(Special Issue 1), 216-225. https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.731092
• Buysse, D.J., Reynolds, C.F., Monk, T.H., Berman, S.R., & Kupfer, D.J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28(2),193-213.
• Çakmak, G., & Öztürk, Z.A. (2021). Being both a parent and a healthcare worker in the pandemic: Who could be? Healthcare, 9(5), 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9050564
• Çetinol, T. & Özvurmaz, S. (2018). Sleep quality and related factors in nurses. Medical Sciences, 13(4), 80-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/NWSA.2018.13.4.1B0054
• Demirtürk Selçuk, E., & Demirbağ, B.C. (2021). The effect of COVID-19 outbreak on secondary traumatic stress and sleep quality in healthcare workers. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal Nursing Sciences, 13(3), 533-543. https://doi.org/10.5336/nurses.2020-79415
• Dirgar, E., Tosun, B., Berşe, S., Tosun, N. (2021). Evaluating the novel coronavirus infection outbreak surveillance results in a state hospital: A retrospective study. African Health Sciences, 21(3), 1107-1116. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v21i3.19
• Doğan, S.D., Arslan, S., Aydıngülü, N., Koparan, H., & Gülşen, M. (2019). Sleep quality of nurses working with shift system. Çukurova Medical Journal,44(4), 1196-1202. https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.511429
• Du, J., Dong, L., Wang, T., Yuan, C., Fu, R., Zhang, L., … Li, X. (2020). Psychological issues among frontline healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan. General Hospital Psychiatry, 67, 144-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.03.011.
• Eller, T., Aluoja, A., Vasar, V., & Veldi. M (2006). Symptoms of anxiety and depression in Estonian medical students with sleep problems. Depression and Anxiety, 23, 250-256. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.20166
• Ersoy, S., Özkahraman Koç, Ş. & Ersoy, İ. H. (2020). Determining the views of healthcare professionals providing treatment and care to patients with COVID-19. Turkish Studies, 15(6), 1037-1049. https://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.43662
• Gao, J., Zheng, P., Jia, Y., Chen, H., Mao, Y., Chen, S., … Dai, J. (2020). Mental health problems and social media exposure during COVID-19 outbreak. Plos one, 15(4), e0231924. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231924
• Günaydın, N. (2014). The quality of sleep and effects on general mental health of nurses who works in a state hospital. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 5(1), 33-40. DOI: 10.5505/phd.2014.63935
• Hacimusalar, Y., Kahve, A. C., Yasar, A. B., & Aydin, M. S. (2020). Anxiety and hopelessness levels in COVID-19 pandemic: A comparative study of healthcare professionals and other community sample in Turkey. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 129, 181-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.07.024
• Harper, C. A., Satchell, L. P., Fido, D. & Latzman, R. D. (2021). Functional fear predicts public health compliance in the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Mental Health Addiction, 19,1875-1888. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00281-5
• Havlioğlu, S., & Demir, H. A. (2020). Determining the anxiety levels of emergency service employees’ working during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Harran University Medical Faculty, 17(2), 251-255. https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.752467
• Hoşgör, H., Ülker Dörttepe, Z., & Sagcan, H. (2020). The effect of COVID-19 anxiety on the professional performances of emergency medical health services staff and demographic differences. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty, 7(3), 865-886. https://doi.org/10.30798/makuiibf.793641
• Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., … Cao, B. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet, 395(10223), 497-506. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
• Huang, Y, & Zhao, N. (2020). Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive issues and sleep quality during COVID-19 epidemic in China: A web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Research, 288, 112954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954
• İlhan Algın, D., Akdağ, G., & Erdinç, O.O. (2016). Quality sleep and sleep disorders. Osmangazi Journal of Medicine, 38(1), 29-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20515/otd.40263
• Karabulut, N., Gürçayır, D., Yaman Aktaş, Y., Kara, A., Kızıloğlu, B., Arslan, B & Bölükbas, N. (2021) The effect of perceived stress on anxiety and sleep quality among healthcare professionals in intensive care units during the coronavirus pandemic. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 26(1), 119-130, https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1856897
• Karagozoglu, S., & Bingöl, N. (2008). Sleep quality and job satisfaction of Turkish nurses. Nursing Outlook, 56(6), 298-307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2008.03.009
• Kasapoğlu F. (2020). Examination of the relationship between anxiety with spirituality, resilience and intolerance of uncertainty process. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 599-614.
• Kayaoğlu, K., Polat, H., Asi Karakaş, S., Şahin Altun, Ö. (2021). The effect of COVID-19 infection on nurses' anxiety and hopelessness levels. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences, 13(4), 958-970. https://doi.org/10.5336/nurses.2020-80790
• Labrague, L.J., & De Los Santos, J.A.A. (2021). Prevalence and predictors of coronaphobia among frontline hospital and public health nurses. Public Health Nursing, 38(3), 382-389. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12841 Lai, J., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Hu, J., Wei, N., … Hu, S. (2020). Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Network Open, 3(3), e203976. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
• Lee, S.A. (2020). Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety. Death Studies, 44(7), 393-401. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481
• Li, R., Chen, Y., Lv, J., Liu, L., Zong, S., Li, H., & Li, H. (2020). Anxiety and related factors in frontline clinical nurses fighting COVID-19 in Wuhan. Medicine, 99(30), e21413. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000021413
• Mora-Magaña, I., Lee, S.A., Maldonado-Castellanos, I., Jiménez-Gutierrez, C., Mendez-Venegas, J., Maya-Del-Moral, A., … Jobe, M. C. (2022). Coronaphobia among healthcare professionals in Mexico: A psychometric analysis. Death Studies, 46(2), 280-289. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1808762
• Pakpour, A.H., & Griffiths, M. D. (2020). The fear of COVID-19 and its role in preventive behaviors. Journal of Concurrent Disorders, 2 (1), 58-63.
• Polat, Ö, & Coşkun, F. (2020). Determining the relationship between personal protective equipment uses of medical healthcare workers and depression, anxiety and stress levels in the COVID-19 pandemic. Medical Journal of Western Black Sea, 4(2), 51-58. https://doi.org/10.29058/mjwbs.2020.2.3
• Rodríguez-Hidalgo, A.J., Pantaleón, Y., Dios, I., Falla, D. (2020). Fear of COVID-19, stress, and anxiety in university undergraduate students: A predictive model for depression. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 591797. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.591797
• Roy, D., Tripathy, S., Kar, S.K., Sharma, N., Verma, S.K., & Kaushal, V. (2020). Study of knowledge, attitude, anxiety perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID‐19 pandemic. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 102083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102083
• Salehi, L., Rahimzadeh, M., Molaei, E., Zaheri, H., & Esmaelzadeh-Saeieh, S. (2020). The relationship among fear and anxiety of COVID-19, pregnancy experience, and mental health disorder in pregnant women: A structural equation model. Brain and Behavior, 10, e01835. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.1835
• Shereen, M.A, Khan, S., Kazmi, A., Bashir, N., & Siddique, R. (2020). COVID-19 infection: Emergence, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses. Journal of Advanced Research, 24, 91-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2020.03.005.
• She, J., Jiang, J., Ye, L., Hu, L., Bai, C., & Song, Y. (2020). 2019 novel coronavirus of pneumonia in Wuhan, China: Emerging attack and management strategies. Clinical and Translational Medicine, 9,19. http://doi.org/10.1186/s40169-020-00271-z.
• Şayık, D., Açıkgöz, A., & Mutlu, F. (2021). Sleep quality of medical staff during the coronavirus pandemic: A meta-analysis. Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine, 1, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.4274/jtsm.galenos.2021.51523
• Talo Yıldırım, T., Atas, O., Asafov, A., Yıldırım, K., & Balibey, H. (2020). Psychological status of healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan, 2, 26-31. https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2020.JCPSPCR.CR26
• Tasdemir Yigitoglu, G., Yilmaz, A., & Yilmaz, H. (2021). The effect of COVID-19 on sleep quality, anxiety and depression on healthcare staff at a tertiary hospital in Turkey. Archives of the Psychiatric Nursing, 35(5), 504-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2021.07.001
• Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. (2020). COVID-19 overview, epidemiology and diagnosis. https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/39551/0/covid-19rehberigenelbilgilerepidemiyolojivetanipdf.pdf Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health (n.d.). COVID-19 Information platform. Retrieved: June 6, 2022 from https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/
• Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. (2021). Health statistics annual 2019. https://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/40564,saglik-istatistikleri-yilligi-2019pdf.pdf?0
• Turkish Thoracic Society. (2021). Evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 task group opinion report from the Turkish Thoracic Society. https://www.toraks.org.tr/site/community/library/x6DtZsITFGaDbq3K
• United States Department of Labor. (2021). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/covid-19/
• Wang S, Xie L, Xu Y, Yu S, Yao B, Xiang D. (2020). Sleep disturbances among medical workers during the outbreak of COVID-2019. Occupational Medicine, 70(5), 364-369. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaa074 World Health Organization. (2021, May 13). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses
• World Health Organization. (2022, June 21). WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard https://covid19.who.int/ Xiao, H., Zhang, Y., Kong, D., Li, S., & Yang, N. (2020). The effects of social support on sleep quality of medical staff treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in January and February 2020 in China. Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 26, e923549.
• Yeşil Bayülgen, M., Bayülgen, A., Hikmet Yeşil, F., & Akcan Türksever, H. (2021). Determination of anxiety and hopelessness levels of nurses working during the COVID-19 pandemic process. University of Health Sciences Journal of Nursing, 3(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.48071/sbuhemorrhage.839229.
• Zhang, R., Hou, T., Kong, X., Wang, G., Wang, H., Xu, S., … Tang, Y. (2020). Effects of region, epidemic stage, and demographic characteristics on sleep quality and mental disturbances among health care workers during COVID-19 outbreak. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-23260/v1