Health Perceptions of Seasonal (Mobile) Agricultural Worker Women

Öz

Introduction: Seasonal (mobile) agricultural worker women face some particular health problems due to the negative consequences of their living environment. In addition, migration movements especially affect women. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the health perceptions of seasonal (mobile) agricultural worker women. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with seasonal (mobile) agricultural worker women in a district of the Central Anatolia region of Turkey between May and July 2022. Although there were 150 seasonal (mobile) agricultural worker women in the district, 80% of them could be reached (n=120). A data collection form created by the researchers and a health perception scale were used for the study. In addition to calculating the number, percentage, and median value of the data collected, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U Tests and Pearson Correlation Analysis were used. Results: The age of the seasonal (mobile) agricultural worker women participating in the study ranged from 18 to 68 years. The number of people who stayed in tents ranged from 2 to 18. The majority (82.5%) consulted a doctor when they became ill during their seasonal job. Additionally, almost all (95%) visited a public hospital when they became ill during their seasonal job. The women's perception of health was moderate. It was found that control center sub-dimension (p = .38), certainty sub-dimension (p = .006), self-awareness sub-dimension (p = .030), and PHS total score (p = .39) changed according to educational level. Conclusion and Suggestions: It was concluded that health perception, importance they attach to health, and health awareness of seasonal (mobile) of agricultural worker women should be improved.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• health services
• agricultural workers' diseases
• women
• social perception

Mevsimlik (Gezici) Tarım İşçisi Kadınların Sağlık Algıları

Öz

Giriş: Mevsimlik (gezici) tarım işçileri, yaşadıkları çevrenin olumsuz sonuçlarından dolayı kendilerine özgü bazı sağlık sorunlarıyla karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Ayrıca göç hareketleri özellikle kadınları etkilemektedir. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, mevsimlik gezici tarım işçisi kadınların sağlık algılarının saptanmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı türdeki bu çalışma Mayıs - Temmuz 2022 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’de İç Anadolu Bölgesinin bir İlçesinde mevsimlik gezici tarım işçisi kadınlar ile yürütülmüştür. İlçede 150 mevsimlik gezici tarım işçisi kadın bulunmasına karşın, kadınların % 80’ine ulaşılmıştır (n=120). Çalışmada araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış veri toplama formu ve Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin sayı, yüzde, ortanca değer hesaplamaları yanı sıra, Kruskal - Wallis ve Mann-Whitney U testleri ilepearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan mevsimlik gezici tarım işçisi kadınların yaşları 18 ile 68 arasındaydı. Çadırda kalan kişi sayısı 2 ile 18 arasındaydı. Büyük çoğunluğu (%82.5) mevsimlik işte çalışırken hastalandığında doktora gidiyordu. Neredeyse tamamı (%95) mevsimlik işte çalışırken hastalandığında devlet hastanesine gidiyordu. Kadınların sağlık algısı ise orta düzeydeydi. Öğrenim durumuna göre kontrol merkezi alt boyutu (p=.38), kesinlik alt boyutu (p=.006), özfarkındalık alt boyutu (p=.030) ve SAÖ toplam puanının (p=.39) değiştiği saptandı. Sonuç ve Öneriler: Mevsimlik gezici tarım işçisi kadınların sağlık algılarının, sağlığa verdikleri önemin ve farkındalık düzeylerinin geliştirilmesi gerektiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sağlık hizmetleri
• tarım işçileri hastalıkları
• kadın
• sosyal algı

Kaynakça

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