OTİZM SPEKTRUM BOZUKLUKLARI TEDAVİSİNDE BESLENME YAKLAŞIMLARI

Öz

Yaygınlığı giderek artan otizm spektrum bozuklukları; sosyal etkileşimde belirgin farklı tutumlar, takıntılı ve tekrarlanan davranışlar, motor becerileri iyi kullanamama gibi birçok semptom ile karakterize nörolojik bir hastalıktır. Otizmde anormal beslenme alışkanlıkları, besin tüketiminde seçicilik ve gastrointestinal sistem problemleri gibi beslenme problemleri de görülmektedir. Ayrıca otizmde mikrobiyota da sağlıklı bireylere göre farklıdır. Bu nedenle görülen semptomları azaltmak için beslenme tedavilerinin uygulanması elzemdir. Vitamin ve mineral takviyeleri,  probiyotik takviyesi, ketojenik diyet, glutensiz kazeinsiz diyet en çok tercih edilen ve otizmde görülen semptomları azalttığı gösterilen beslenme tedavilerindendir. Bu derlemede, otizmde görülen beslenme ile ilgili sorunlar ve güncel beslenme tedavilerinin etkisini araştıran yayınlar değerlendirilerek özetlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Otizm,probiyotik,glutensiz diyet

Nutritional Approach In Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorders

Öz

With an increasing prevalence, autism spectrum disorders are neurological disorders that characterized by a number of symptoms such as significantly different attitudes in social interactions and communication, repetitive and obsessively behaviors, and inability to use motor skills. In addition, nutritional problems such as abnormal eating habits, sensitivity to food texture, selectivity in food consumption, and gastrointestinal problems are also accompanied. Besides, microbiota of patients with autism seems to be different when compared to healthy individuals. Therefore, nutritional treatment applications are essential for reducing the symptoms and to replace nutritional deficiencies. The most preferred nutritional therapies that have been shown to reduce the symptoms in autism are vitamin, mineral, and probiotic supplements, ketogenic diet, gluten-free and casein-free diets. Since nutritional treatments don’t show the same effect in every autistic child, nutritional therapy should be applied specific to the individual. This review summarizes the literature that investigate nutritional problems and the effects of current nutritional treatments in autism. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Autism,Microbiota,Gluten-free Diet,Ketogenic Diet

Kaynakça

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