Depolama sırasında Ayvalık ve Memecik zeytinyağlarının triaçilgliserol kompozisyonundaki değişimlerin kemometrik yöntemler ile tespiti

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de zeytinyağı üretimi için önemli bir potansiyele sahip olan zeytin çeşitleri (Ayvalık ve Memecik) Ayvalık ve Aydın Bölgesindeki farklı zeytin bahçelerinden 2009 ve 2010 hasat yıllarında hasat edilerek edilen yağların depolama boyunca (15 ay)  triaçilgliserol (TAG) kompozisyonlarındaki değişimler incelenmiştir. Zeytinler 2 farklı olgunlaşma indeksine elle hasat edilmiş ve Abencor sistemi ile yağ elde edişmiştir. Elde edilen zeytinyağı örnekleri oda sıcaklığında saklanmış ve 15 ay boyunca aydınlık ve karanlığa maruz bırakılmıştır. Zeytinyağı örneklerinin TAG kompozisyonuna çok değişkenli sınıflandırma ve kümeleme analizi olan ana bileşen analizi (PCA) ve hiyerarşik küme analizi (HCA) gibi denetimsiz kemometrik yöntemler uygulanmıştır. Zeytinyağlarının PCA ve HCA analizleri, hasat yılı ve çeşitlerine göre önemli farklılıklar göstermiştir. PCA  analizine göre, örneklerin  hasat yıllarına göre birinci ana bileşene (PC1) dayalı olarak iki ana gruba ayrıldığı görülmektedir. Depolama etkisine bakıldığında, depolama koşullarından bağımsız olarak (ya karanlıkta ya da aydınlıkta) depolama başlangıcından 15 aylık depolamaya kadar olan sürede örnekler arasında TAG bileşiminde önemli bir değişiklik görülmemiştir. Ayrıca, PCA skoru, çeşitlere göre örneklerin her iki yılda da ikinci ana bileşene (PC2) dayalı olarak iki alt gruba başarıyla kümelendiğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Ayvalık ve Memecik,Triaçilgliserol,OOO,HCA,PCA,Zeytinyağı

Determination of triacylglycerol composition of Ayvalık and Memecik olive oils during storage by chemometric methods

Abstract

The aim of present investigation is to discriminate two important Turkish olive cultivars (Ayvalık and Memecik) by studying their triacylglycerol (TAG) compositions during storage (15 months) taken from different  orchard in Ayvalık and Aydın region which have a significant potential for olive oil production in Turkey, during 2009 and 2010 harvest years. Olives were harvested by hand at 2 different maturation indices and processed by an Abencor system. The olive oil samples were stored at room temperature and they were divided into two groups including exposed to diffused daylight and dark for a period of 15 months. Multivariate classification and clustering were done by the application of unsupervised chemometrics methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) based on the TAG profiles of the olive oil samples. PCA and HCA analysis of olive oils showed significant differences according to harvest years and cultivars. PCA scores plot showed that the samples were classified into two main groups with respect to harvest years based on the first principal component (PC1). In terms of storage effect, there was no significant change in TAG compositions among the samples from beginning of storage to 15 months of storage regardless of storage conditions (either in dark or in daylight). In addition, PCA scores plot indicated that the samples were also successfully clustered into two sub-groups according to cultivars in both years based on the second principal component (PC2).

Keywords

• Ayvalık and Memecik,Triacylglycerol,OOO,HCA,PCA,Olive oil

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