Genoprotective Potential of Total Anthocyanin Extracted from Prunus avium

Abstract

Sweet cherries (Prunus avium) are rich in flavonoids such as anthocyanins that are beneficial for the immune system.  The aim of the present study was to investigate in vitro antigenotoxicity and anticytotoxicity of total antochyanins extracted from Prunus avium (TAP) using by chromosomal aberration (CA), single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) and micronucleus assay (MN) in human peripheral lymphocytes. 50, 100, 200 and 400 µg/mL concentrations of TAP was screened for its protective activity using mytomicin-C and H₂O₂  induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes. Also, positive, negative and solvent controls were used.  According to the positive control TAP statistically decreased the abnormal cell percentage and CA/cell in 200 and 400 µg/mL at 24 h treatment and in all concentrations at 48 h. On the other hand, it was significantly increased the mitotic index in only 200 µg/mL at 24h and in all concentrations (except 200µg/mL) at 48h.  Similarly, TAP were reduced MN frequency in all concentrations according to the positive control. In the comet assay, significant decreases in comet tail length, tail moment and tail intensity were observed in all concentrations. According to these results, we demonstrate that TAP has potent anticytotoxic and antigenotoxic effect against MMC and H₂O₂- induced genotoxicity.

Keywords

• Anthocyahins,Prunus avium,Antigenotoxicity,Comet,Chromosomal aberration,Micronucleus

Prunus avium’dan ekstrakte edilen total antosiyaninlerin genoprotektif etkisi

Abstract

Kiraz (Prunus avium) antosiyanin gibi immün sistem için faydalı olan flavonoidler açısından oldukça zengin bir bitkidir. Bu çalışmada amaç Prunus avium’dan ekstrakte edilen total antosiyaninlerin (TAP) in vitro antigenotoksik ve antisitotoksik etkilerini insan lenfositlerinde kromozomal anormallik (CA), tek hücre jel elektroforezi (Comet) ve Mikronükleus testleri (MN) ile değerlendirmektir. Çalışmamızda, insan lenfositlerinde mitomisin-C ve H₂O₂ ile indüklenen DNA hasarına karşı TAP’ın 50, 100, 200 and 400 µg/mL’lik konsantrasyonlarının koruyucu etkisi gözlemlenmiştir.  Ayrıca, pozitif, negatif ve çözücü kontrol grupları da dahil edilmiştir.  Pozitif kontrole göre TAP; 24 saatlik uygulamanın 200 ve 400 µg/mL’lik, 48 saatlik uygulamanın ise tüm konsantrasyonlarında anormal hücre yüzdesini ve CA/hücre frekansını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde azaltmıştır. Benzer şekilde TAP, mitotik indeksi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde 24 saatlik uygulamanın sadece 200 µg/mL’lik konsantrasyonunda artırırken, 48 saatlik uygulamanın ise tüm dozlarında (200 µg/mL’lik konsantrasyon hariç) artırmıştır. Bu sonuçlara paralel olarak TAP, MN frekansını da pozitif kontrole göre tüm konsantrasyonlarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde azaltmıştır. Comet testinde yapılan TAP uygulamasıyla tüm dozlarda kuyruk uzunluğu, kuyruk momenti ve kuyruk yoğunluğunda da anlamlı bir azalma olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Elde edilen bu sonuçlara göre, TAP’ın mitomisin-C ve H₂O₂ gibi genotoksik ajanlara karşı potansiyel antisitotoksik ve antigenotoksik koruyucu bir etkiye sahip olduğu gösterilmiştir.

Keywords

• Prunus avium,Comet,Antosiyaninler,Antigenotoksisite,Kromozomal anormallik,Mikronükleus

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