İş şekillendirmenin psikolojik iyi oluşa etkisinde işin anlamının aracılık etkisi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 24 - 28, 31.12.2019

Emre Oruç

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı
akademisyenlerin iş şekillendirme davranışlarının psikolojik iyi oluşlarına
etkisinde işin anlamının aracılık rolünün incelenmesidir. Araştırma faklı
üniversitelerde görev yapan toplam 177 akademisyen üzerinde
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada iş şekillendirmeyi ölçmek için Slemp ve
Vella-Brodrick (2013) tarafından geliştirilen ve Kerse (2017) tarafından
Türkçe’ye uyarlanan “İş Şekillendirme Ölçeği”, işin anlamını ölçmek için
Steger, Dik ve Duffy (2012) tarafından geliştirilen ve Fındıklı, Keleş ve
Afacan (2017) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan “İşin Anlamı Ölçeği” ve psikolojik
iyi oluşu ölçmek için Dinner ve diğerleri (2010) tarafından geliştirilen ve
Telef (2013) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan “Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği”
kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada değişkenler arası ilişkiler korelasyon analizi ile
varsayılan hipotez ise temel aracılık modeli çerçevesinde SPSS process aracı
değişken analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre iş
şekillendirmenin psikolojik iyi oluşa etkisinde işin anlamının kısmi aracılık
rolü olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İşin anlamlılığı,  iş şekillendirme davranışı ile psikolojik iyi
oluş arasında kısmi aracı değişken etkisi göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İş Şekillendirme, İşin Anlamı, Psikolojik İyi Oluş

The mediating role of work meaningfulness on the effect of work crafting on psychological well-being

Öz

The aim of this study is to
investigate the mediating role of work meaningfulness in the effect of job
crafting behaviors on psychological well-being. The study was conducted on 177
academic staff working in different universities. The “Job Crafting Scale developed
by Slemp and Vella-Brodrick (2013) and adapted in Turkish by Kerse (2017) and
“Work Meaningfulness Scale” developed by Steger, Dik and Duffy (2012) and
adapted in Turkish by Fındıklı, Keleş ve Afacan (2017) and “Psychological
Well-Being Scale developed by Dinner et al. (2010) and adapted in Turkish by
Telef (2013) were used to measure psychological well-being. In the study, the
relationship between variables was determined by correlation analysis and the
mediation model was tested by SPSS Process. According to the findings, it was
concluded that work meaningfulness has a partial mediating role in the effect
of job crafting on psychological well-being. Work meaningfulness mediates the
relationship between work crafting and psychological well-being partially.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Job Crafting, Work Meaningfulness, Psychological Well-being

Kaynakça

• Aiello, A. ve Tesi, T. (2017). Psychological Well-Being and Work Engagement among Italian Social Workers: Examining the Mediational Role of Job Resources. Social Work Research. 41 (2):73–84.
• Arasli, H., Arici, H. E., & Ilgen, H. (2019). Blackbox between job crafting and job embeddedness of immigrant hotel employees: a serial mediation model. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 32(1), 3935-3962.
• Arnold, K. A., Turner, N., Barling, J., Kelloway, E. K., & McKee, M. C. (2007). Transformational leadership and psychological well-being: the mediating role of meaningful work. Journal of occupational health psychology, 12(3), 193-203
• Baron RM, Kenny DA (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J Pers Soc Psychol 51, 1173-82.
• Berg, J. M., Dutton, J. E., & Wrzesniewski, A. (2013). Job crafting and meaningful work. In B. J. Dik, Z. S. Byrne & M. F. Steger (Eds.), Purpose and meaning in the workplace (pp. 81-104). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
• Berg, J. M., Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J. E. (2010). Perceiving and responding to challenges in job crafting at different ranks: When proactivity requires adaptivity. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31, 158–186.
• Brenninkmeijer, V., & Hekkert-Koning, M. (2015). To craft or not to craft: The relationships between regulatory focus, job crafting and work outcomes. Career Development International, 20(2), 147-162.
• Brief, A. P., & Nord, W. R. 1990. Meanings of occupational work: A collection of essays. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
• Demerouti, E., & Bakker, A. B. (2014). Job crafting. In Maria C. W. Peeters, Jan de Jonge and Toon W. Taris (Eds.) An introduction to contemporary work psychology, (414-433). UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published.
• Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97, 143–156.
• Fındıklı, M, A., Keleş, H, N. & Afacan, C. (2017). İşin anlamı kavramı ve tercüme bir ölçeğin Türkçe'de geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizi, KAÜİİBFD 8(16), 395-413.
• Ghitulescu, B. E. (2007). Shaping tasks and relationships at work: Examining the antecedents and consequences of employee job crafting. (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Pittsburgh, USA.
• Grant, A. M., & Parker, S. K. (2009). Redesigning work design theories: The rise of relational and proactive perspectives. Academy of Management Annals, 3, 273–331.
• Hackman JR, & Oldham GR.(1980). Work redesign. MA: Addison-Wesley
• Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1975). Development of the job design survey. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60, 159-170.
• Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis. New York, NY: Guilford Publications, Inc.
• Humphrey, S. E., Nahrgang, J. D., & Morgeson, F. P. (2007). Integrating motivational, social, and contextual work design features: A meta-analytic summary and theoretical extension of the work design literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 1332–1356
• Karabey, C. N., & Kerse, G. (2017). The Relationship between Job Crafting and Psychological Capital: A Survey in a Manufacturing Business. Press Academia Procedia, 3(1), 909-915.
• Karatepe, O. M., & Eslamlou, A. (2017). Outcomes of job crafting among flight attendants. Journal of Air Transport Management, 62, 34-43.
• Keleş, H. N. (2017). Anlamlı iş ile psikolojik iyi oluş ilişkisi. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 5(1), 154-167.
• Kelloway, E. K., Turner, N., Barling, J., & Loughlin, C. (2012). Transformational leadership and employee psychological well-being: The mediating role of employee trust in leadership. Work & Stress, 26(1), 39–55.
• Kerse, G. (2017). İş Becerikliliği (Job Crafting) Ölçeğini Türkçe’ye Uyarlama ve Duygusal Tükenme İle İlişkisini Belirleme. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(4), 283-304.
• Kerse, G. (2019). İş Becerikliliğinin İşte Can Sıkıntısı Üzerindeki Etkisi: İmalat Sektörü Bağlamında Bir İnceleme. Third Sector Social Economic Review, 54(1), 531-548.
• Kerse, G., & Babadag, M. (2019). Dönüştürücü Liderliğin İş Becerikliliği Üzerindeki Etkisi: Akademisyenler Üzerinde Bir Uygulama. İş ve İnsan Dergisi, 6(2), 133-143.
• Kim-Prieto, C., Diener, E., Tamir, M., Scollon, C., & Diener, M. (2005). Integrating the diverse definitions of happiness: A time-sequential framework of subjective well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 6, 261-300.
• Leana, C., Appelbaum, E., & Shevchuk, I. (2009). Work process and quality of care in early childhood education: The role of job crafting. Academy of Management Journal, 52(6), 1169-1192.
• MacKinnon, D. P., Fairchild, A. J., and Fritz, M. S. (2007). Mediation analysis. Annual Review of Psychology 58: 593–614.
• Mäkikangas, A. (2018). Job crafting profiles and work engagement: A person-centered approach. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 106, 101-111.
• Melton, A.M.A., & Schulenberg, S.E. (2008). On the measurement of meaning: logotherapy’s empirical contributions to humanistic psychology. The Humanistic Psychologist, 36, 31-44.
• Nord, W. R., Brief, A. P., Atieh, J. M., & Doherty, E. M. (1990). Studying meanings of work: The case of work values. In A. P. Brief & W. R. Nord (Eds.), Issues in organization and management series. Meanings of occupational work: A collection of essays (p. 21–64). USA: Lexington Books.
• Polatçı, S ve Akdoğan, A. (2013). Psikolojik sermayenin performans üzerindeki etkisinde iş aile yayılımı ve psikolojik iyi oluşun etkisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 17(1), 273-293.
• Pratt, M.G., & Ashforth, B.E. (2003). Fostering meaningfulness in working and at work. İçinde Cameron, K.S., Dutton, J.E. & Quinn, R.E. (Eds), Positive organizational scholarship, Foundations Of A New Discipline, San Francisco, Ca: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 309-327.
• Rosso, B. D., Dekas, K. H., & Wrzesniewski, A. (2010). On the meaning of work: A theoretical integration and review. Research in Organizational Behavior, 30, 91-127.
• Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 141-166.
• Ryff, C. D. ve Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719-727. Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2013). The Job Crafting Questionnaire: A new scale to measure the extent to which employees engage in job crafting. International Journal of Wellbeing, 3(2), 126-146.
• Slemp, G. R., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2014). Optimising employee mental health: The relationship between intrinsic need satisfaction, job crafting, and employee well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 15(4), 957-977.
• Steger, M. F., Dik, B. J., & Duffy, R. D. (2012). Measuring meaningful work: The work and meaning inventory (WAMI). Journal of Career Assessment, 20(3), 322-337.
• Tabachnıck, B. G. ve Fıdell, L. S. (2013), Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.), Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
• Telef, B. B. (2013). Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği (PİOO): Türkçeye Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Hacettepe Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(3), 374-384.
• Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., & Derks, D. (2012). Development and validation of the job crafting scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80, 173–186.
• Tims, M., Bakker, A. B., Derks, D., & Van Rhenen, W. (2013). Job crafting at the team and individual level: Implications for work engagement and performance. Group & Organization Management, 38(4), 427-454.
• Tims, M., Derks, D., & Bakker, A. B. (2016). Job crafting and its relationships with person-job fit and meaningfulness: A three-wave study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 92, 44-53.
• Van den Heuvel, M., Demerouti, E., & Peeters, M. C. (2015). The job crafting intervention: Effects on job resources, self‐efficacy, and affective well‐being. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 88(3), 511-532.
• Wingerden, J.V., Derks, D., & Bakker, A. B. (2017). The impact of personal resources and job crafting interventions on work engagement and performance. Human Resource Management, 56(1), 51-67.
• Wright, T. A., Cropanzano, R., Bonett, D. G. ve Diamond, W. J. (2009). The role of employee psychological wellbeing in cardiovascular health: When the twain shall meet. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(2), 193–208.
• Wrzesniewski, A. (2003). Finding positive meaning in work. Positive organizational scholarship: Foundations of a new discipline, 296-308.
• Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J. E. (2001). Crafting a job: Revisioning employees as active crafters of their work. Academy of Management Review, 26, 179–201.
• Wrzesniewski, A., LoBuglio, N., Dutton, J. E., & Berg, J. M. (2013). Job crafting and cultivating positive meaning and identity in work. In Advances in positive organizational psychology,1, 281-302.