Koruyucu sağlık bakım davranışlarının belirleyicileri üzerine bir araştırma

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 1 - 7, 30.06.2023

Kadir Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.47542/sauied.1303768

Öz

Sağlıkla ilgili önemli konuların başında gelen koruyucu sağlık bakım davranışı hem çevre dostu davranışlar hem de sağlık beslenme davranışını etkileyen kritik faktörlerden birisidir. Tüketilecek gıdaların sağlıklı yönlerini ön plana çıkarması ve teşvik etmesi beslenme alışkanlıkları üzerinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu bağlamda araştırma koruyucu sağlık bakım davranışının belirleyicilerini temel almaktadır. Bu nedenle bu araştırmanın amacı sağlık motivasyonu, sağlık bilgisi ve sağlık bilincinin koruyucu sağlık bakım davranışı üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın örneklemini kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen 18 yaş ve üzeri bireyler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri online anket yöntemi ile 455 katılımcıdan elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde frekans ve yüzde dağılımları ile güvenilirlik analizi ve çoklu regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçları sağlık motivasyonu, sağlık bilgisi ve sağlık bilincinin bireylerin sağlıklı yaşam açısından önem arz eden koruyucu sağlık bakım davranışında önemli belirleyiciler olduğunu göstermiştir. Etkiler dikkate alındığında koruyucu sağlık bakım davranışı üzerinde görece yüksek etkiye sahip olan değişkenin sağlık bilgisi olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlar bireylerin beslenme ve sağlık yaşam için sağlıklı ilgili motivasyon, bilgi ve bilincin geliştirilmesi gereken unsurlar olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Koruyucu Sağlık Bakım Davranışı, Sağlık Motivasyonu, Sağlık Bilgisi, Sağlık Bilinci

A study on the determinants of preventive health care behaviors

Öz

Preventive health care behavior, which is one of the important issues related to health, is one of the critical factors affecting both environmentally friendly behaviors and health nutrition behavior. Highlighting and promoting the healthy aspects of the foods to be consumed plays an important role on nutritional habits. In this context, the research is based on the determinants of preventive health care behavior. Therefore, the aim of this research is to reveal the effects of health motivation, health knowledge and health awareness on preventive health care behavior. The sample of the study consists of individuals aged 18 and over determined by convenience sampling method. The data of the research were obtained from 455 participants by online survey method. Frequency and percentage distributions, reliability analysis and multiple regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data. The results of the study showed that health motivation, health knowledge and health awareness are important determinants of preventive health care behavior of indivuduals, which is important for healthy life. Considering the effects, it was seen that the variable that had a relatively high effect on preventive health care behavior was health knowledge. The obtained results reveal that individuals are the elements that need to be developed for healthy motivation, knowledge and awareness for nutrition and health life.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Preventive Health Care Behavior, Health Motivation, Health Knowledge, Health Consciousness

Kaynakça

• Alba, J. W., & Hutchinson, J. W. (1987). Dimensions of consumer expertise. Journal of Consumer Research, 13(4), 411-454.
• Asadi, S., Abdullah, R., Safaei, M., & Nazir, S. (2019). An integrated SEM-Neural Network approach for predicting determinants of adoption of wearable healthcare devices. Mobile Information Systems.
• Baker, D. W. (2006). The meaning and the measure of health literacy. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 21(8), 878.
• Bazzani, C., Gustavsen, G.W., Nayga, R.M., & Rickertsen, K. A. (2018). Comparative study of food values between the United States and Norway. Eur. Rev. Agric. Econ. 45, 239–272.
• Beaglehole, R., Epping-Jordan, J., Patel, V., Chopra, M., Ebrahim, S., Kidd, M., & Haines, A. (2008). Improving the prevention and management of chronic disease in low-income and middle-income countries: A priority for primary health care. Lancet, 372, 940–949.
• Bialkova, S., Sasse, L., & Fenko, A. (2016). The role of nutrition labels and advertising claims in altering consumers' evaluation and choice. Appetite, 96, 38-46.
• Boechner, L.S., Kohn, H., & Rockwell, S.K. (1990). A Risk-Reduction Nutrition Course for Adults. Journal of The American Dietic Association, 90, 260-263.
• Burns, A. C. (1992). The Expanded Health Belief Model as a Basis for Enlightened Preventive Healthcare Practice and Research. Journal of Health Care Marketing, 32-45.
• Caputo, V., Scarpa, R., & Nayga, R. M. (2017). Cue versus independent food attributes: The effect of adding attributes in choice experiments. Eur. Rev. Agric. Econ, 44, 211–230.
• Cavaliere, A., Ricci, E.C., Solesin, M., & Banterle, A. (2014). Can health and environmental concerns meet in food choices?. Sustainability, 6, 9494–9509.
• Chang, C. (2020). Self-control-centered empowerment model: Health consciousness and health knowledge as drivers of empowerment-seeking through health communication. Health Communication, 35(12), 1497-1508.
• Chaponniere, P. A., Cherup, S. M., & Lodge, L. (2013). Measuring the impact of health education modules in Cameroon, West Africa. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 24(3), 254-262.
• Chrysochou, P., & Grunert, K. G. (2014). Health-related ad information and health motivation effects on product evaluations. Journal of Business Research, 67(6), 1209-1217.
• Cornish, L. S. (2012). It's good for me: It has added fibre! An exploration of the role of different categories of functional foods in consumer diets. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 11(4), 292-302.
• Elley, C.R., Kerse, N., Arroll, B., & Robinson, E. E. (2003). Ectiveness of counselling patients on physical activity in general practice: Cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ, 326, 793.
• Elwood, P., Galante, J., Pickering, J., Palmer, S., Bayer, A., Ben-Shlomo, Y., ... & Gallacher, J. (2013). Healthy lifestyles reduce the incidence of chronic diseases and dementia: evidence from the Caerphilly cohort study. PloS one, 8(12), e81877.
• Field, A., (2006). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS. Sage Publications, Second Editon, London.
• Fletcher, S. W., Morgan, T. M., O’Malley, M. S., Earp, J. A. L., & Degnan, D. (1989). Is breast self-examination predicted by knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, or sociodemographic characteristics? American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 5(4), 207-215.
• Gelb, B. D., & Gilly, M. C. (1979). The effect of promotional techniques on purchase of preventive dental care. Journal of Consumer Research, 6(3), 305-308.
• Glanz, K., Rimer, B. K., & Viswanath, K. (2008). Health behavior and health education: theory, research, and practice. John Wiley & Sons.
• Grunert, K.G., & Wills, J.M. A. (2007). Review of European research on consumer response to nutrition information on food labels. J. Public Health, 15, 385–399.
• Grunert, K. G., Scholderer, J., & Rogeaux, M. (2011). Determinants of consumer understanding of health claims. Appetite, 56(2), 269-277.
• Gürbüz, S., & Şahin, F. (2018). Sosyal Bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri felsefe-yöntem-analiz (Gözden Geçirilmiş ve Güncellenmiş 5. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
• Hair, J. F. J., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (seventh edition). Prentice Hall.
• Han, H., Hsu, L. T. J., Lee, J. S., & Sheu, C. (2011). Are lodging customers ready to go green? An examination of attitudes, demographics, and eco-friendly intentions. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(2), 345-355.
• Hines, J. M., Hungerford, H. R., & Tomera, A. N. (1987). Analysis and synthesis of research on responsible environmental behavior: A meta-analysis. The Journal of Environmental Education, 18(2), 1-8.
• Janz, N. K., & Becker, M. H. (1984). The health belief model: A decade later. Health Education Quarterly, 11(1), 1-47.
• Jayanti, R. K., & Burns, A. C. (1998). The antecedents of preventive health care behavior: An empirical study. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 26(1), 6-15.
• Jianfeng, B. (2012). On Health Communication and Public Health Behavior Optimization in China. Doctoral dissertation, Wuhan University, School of Journalism and Communication.
• Keller, S. B., Landry, M., Olson, J., Velliquette, A. M., Burton, S., & Andrews, J. C. (1997). The effects of nutrition package claims, nutrition facts panels, and motivation to process nutrition information on consumer product evaluations. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 16(2), 256-269.
• Kim, T. B., & Ho, C. T. B. (2021). Validating the moderating role of age in multi-perspective acceptance model of wearable healthcare technology. Telematics and Informatics, 61, 101603.
• Kosberg, J. I. (1999). Opportunities for social workers in an aging world. J. Soc. & Soc. Welfare, 26, 7-24. Kraft, F. B., & Goodell, P. W. (1993). Identifying the health conscious consumer. Marketing Health Services, 13(3), 18.
• Lähteenmäki, L. (2013). Claiming health in food products. Food Quality and Preference, 27(2), 196-201. Hieke, S., & Taylor, C. R. (2012). A critical review of the literature on nutritional labeling. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 46(1), 120-156.
• Li, F., Zhou, D., Chen, Y., Yu, Y., Gao, N., Peng, J., & Wang, S. (2019). The association between health beliefs and fall-related behaviors and its implication for fall intervention among Chinese elderly. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(23), 4774.
• Mai, R., & Hoffmann, S. (2012). Taste lovers versus nutrition fact seekers: how health consciousness and self‐efficacy determine the way consumers choose food products. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 11(4), 316-328.
• Mai, R., Zahn, S., Hoppert, K., Hoffmann, S., & Rohm, H. (2014). Tailoring compensation effects of health-unrelated food properties. Appetite, 80, 143-153.
• Marteau, T. M., Hollands, G. J., & Fletcher, P. C. (2012). Changing human behavior to prevent disease: the importance of targeting automatic processes. Science, 337(6101), 1492-1495.
• Maxwell, J. (1996). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
• Mazza, D., Shand, L.K., Warren, N., Keleher, H., Browning, C.J., & Bruce, E.J. (2011). General practice and preventive health care: A view through the eyes of community members. Med. J. Aust., 195, 180–183.
• McMichael AJ. (2014). Earth as humans’ habitat: global climate change and the health of populations. Int J Heal Policy Manag., 2, 9–12.
• Michaelidou, N., & Hassan, L. M. (2008). The role of health consciousness, food safety concern and ethical identity on attitudes and intentions towards organic food. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 32(2), 163–170.
• Miller, L. M. S., & Cassady, D. L. (2012). Making healthy food choices using nutrition facts panels. The roles of knowledge, motivation, dietary modifications goals, and age. Appetite, 59(1), 129-139.
• Miller, L. M. S., & Cassady, D. L. (2015). The effects of nutrition knowledge on food label use. A review of the literature. Appetite, 92, 207-216.
• Miller, L. M. S., Gibson, T. N., & Applegate, E. A. (2010). Predictors of nutrition information comprehension in adulthood. Patient Education and Counseling, 80(1), 107-112.
• Moorman, C. (1990). The effects of stimulus and consumer characteristics on the utilization of nutrition information. Journal of Consumer Research, 17(3), 362-374.
• Moorman, C., & Matulich, E. (1993). A model of consumers' preventive health behaviors: The role of health motivation and health ability. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(2), 208-228.
• Newsom, J. T., Mc Farland, B. H., Kaplan, M. S., Huguet, N., & Zani, B. (2005). The health consciousness myth: implications of the near independence of major health behaviors in the North American population. Social Science & Medicine, 60(2), 433-437.
• Park, S. H., Yoon, H. J., Cho, S. H., & Haugtvedt, C. P. (2013). Assessing the provision of nutritional information on quick service restaurant menu item choices for college students. Journal of Foodservice Business Research, 16(4), 329–346.
• Rosenstock. I.M. (1966). Why People Use Health Services. Millbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 3, 94-127. Rousseau, S. (2015). The role of organic and fair trade labels when choosing chocolate. Food Qual. Prefer., 44, 92–100.
• Sarensen, K., Van den Broucke, S., Fullam, J., Doyle, G., Pelikan, J., Slonska, Z., & Brand, H. (2012). Consortium health literacy project European. Health literacy and public health: a systematic review and integration of definitions and models. BMC Public Health, 12, 80.
• Schreiber, M., Job, V., & Dohle, S. (2020). Is your health malleable or fixed? The influence of implicit theories on health-related attitudes and behaviour. Psychology & Health, 35(12), 1421-1439.
• Sergueeva, K., Shaw, N., & Lee, S. H. (2020). Understanding the barriers and factors associated with consumer adoption of wearable technology devices in managing personal health. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences/Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration, 37(1), 45-60.
• Shimoda, A., Hayashi, H., Sussman, D., Nansai, K., Fukuba, I., Kawachi, I., & Kondo, N. (2020). Our health, our planet: a cross-sectional analysis on the association between health consciousness and pro-environmental behavior among health professionals. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 30(1), 63-74.
• Stern, P.C., Dietz, T, Kalof, L. (1993). Value orientations, gender, and environmental concern. Jun 24:322–348.
• Swinburn, B. A., Sacks, G., Hall, K. D., McPherson, K., Finegood, D. T., Moodie, M. L., & Gortmaker, S. L. (2011). The global obesity pandemic: shaped by global drivers and local environments. The Lancet, 378(9793), 804-814.
• Tarkiainen, A., & Sundqvist, S. (2009). Product involvement in organic food consumption: does ideology meet practice?. Psychology & Marketing, 26(9), 844-863.
• Thomas, Jr., L., & Mills, J. E. (2006). Consumer knowledge and expectations of restaurant menus and their governing legislation: A qualitative assessment. Journal of Foodservice, 17, 6–22.
• Wang, S., Wang, J., Lin, S., & Li, J. (2019). Public perceptions and acceptance of nuclear energy in China: The role of public knowledge, perceived benefit, perceived risk and public engagement. Energy Policy, 126, 352-360.
• Visschers, V. H., Hess, R., & Siegrist, M. (2010). Health motivation and product design determine consumers’ visual attention to nutrition information on food products. Public Health Neutrition, 13(7), 1099-1106.
• WHO. (2017). Obesity and Overweight. WHO: Geneva, Switzerland.
• WHO. (2004). Physical activity and healthy eating the global strategy. World Health Organization. Geneva.
• Yadav, R., & Pathak, G. S. (2016). Intention to purchase organic food among young consumers: Evidences from a developing nation. Appetite, 96, 122-128.
• Yang, R.H., Li, R., & Zhang, L. (2010). Analysis of health behavior and its influencing factors. J. Nurs., 3, 94–97.
• Zhang, X., Bai, X., & Shang, J. (2018). Is subsidized electric vehicles adoption sustainable: Consumers’ perceptions and motivation toward incentive policies, environmental benefits, and risks. Journal of Cleaner Production, 192, 71-79.