MERKEZİ DÜZEYDE PLANLAMA VE BÜTÇELEME İLİŞKİSİNİN SAĞLANMASI: ÇİN TECRÜBESİNİN TAHLİLİ

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 124, 131 - 160, 28.04.2022

Abdulkerim Eroğlu

https://doi.org/10.52836/sayistay.1110603

Öz

1978 yılından itibaren serbest piyasa ekonomisini benimsediğini ilan eden ve ademimerkeziyetçi bir yönetim sistemini gerçekleştirmeyi hedefleyen Çin’in bu amaçla uyguladığı politikalar, literatürde artan bir ilginin konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu politikaların temel araçlarının başında, planlama ve bütçeleme gelmektedir. Çin’de merkezi ve yerel yönetimler bağlamında planlama ve bütçeme ilişkisini inceleyen bu çalışmada Çin kamu maliyesi hakkındaki resmi belge ve veriler incelenerek mali kaynak ve sorumlulukların planlama çerçevesinde nasıl şekillendiği ortaya konulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Elde edilen verilerin resmi belge ve planlamalarda vurgulanan hususları desteklemediği, merkezi mali yapının terk edilmediği ve bazı durumlarda bunun güçlendirildiği, yerel hükümetlerin merkezi planlamaya uymak mecburiyetinde bırakıldığı, merkezi hükümetten yerel hükümetlere yapılan transferlerin merkeziyetçi yapıyı güçlendirdiği gibi sonuçlara varılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Planlama ve Bütçeleme, Çin Kamu Maliyesi, Merkeziyetçi Yapı

PLANNING AND BUDGETING RELATIONSHIP AT THE CENTRAL LEVEL: AN ANALYSIS OF THE CHINESE EXPERIENCE

Öz

The policies implemented by China, which has declared that it has adopted a free market economy since 1978 and aimed to realize a decentralized management system, is the subject of increasing interest in the literature. Planning and budgeting are the primary tools of these policies. In this study, which analyzes the relationship between planning and budgeting in the context of central government and local governments in China, it is tried to reveal how the financial resources and responsibilities are shaped within the framework of planning by examining the official documents and data about the Chinese public finance. It is concluded that the data do not support the issues emphasized in official documents and plans, the central financial structure has not been abandoned and in some cases it has been strengthened, local governments are obliged to comply with central planning, and transfers from central government to local governments revitalize the centralized structure.

Anahtar Kelimeler

: Planning and Budgeting, Chinese Public Finance, Centralized Structure

Kaynakça

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