Yaşlılarda Fiziksel Aktivite Araştırmalarındaki Eğilimler: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz (2014–2024)

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, yaşlı bireylerde fiziksel aktivite (FA) alanında yayımlanan bilimsel çalışmaların bibliyometrik analizini gerçekleştirerek alandaki yayın eğilimlerini, etkili yazarları, dergileri, ülkeleri ve tematik araştırma odaklarını ortaya koymaktır. Bu doğrultuda, 2014–2024 yılları arasında Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection veri tabanında belirlenen anahtar kelimeler kullanılarak taranan toplam 8,216 doküman analiz edilmiştir. Bibliyometrik analizler R yazılımı kullanılarak bibliometrix paketi aracılığıyla yürütülmüştür. Analiz kapsamında yayın eğilimleri, atıf göstergeleri, yazar üretkenliği, dergi etkisi (h-indeks), ülkeler arası bilimsel iş birliği ağları ve anahtar kelime temelli kavramsal yapı değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, incelenen yayınların 1,561 farklı kaynaktan geldiğini ve yıllık yayın büyüme oranının %10,45 olduğunu göstermektedir. Yayın başına ortalama atıf sayısı 19,29 ve uluslararası iş birliği oranı ise %30,79 olarak belirlenmiştir. En etkili yazarlar arasında Rantanen T., Portegijs E. ve Stubbs B. öne çıkarken, en yüksek h-indeks değerine sahip dergiler PLOS ONE ve BMC Geriatrics olarak belirlenmiştir. Ülke bazında Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Çin en üretken ülkeler arasında yer almaktadır. Anahtar kelime analizinde “physical activity”, “older adults” ve “mortality” en sık kullanılan terimlerdir. Tematik bulgular ise dementia prevention, exergames, green spaces ve physical frailty konularının son yıllarda daha görünür hale geldiğini göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, yaşlı bireylerde FA literatürünün yapısal özelliklerini ve güncel araştırma eğilimlerini sistematik biçimde ortaya koyarak alanın gelişim yönelimlerine ilişkin bütüncül bir çerçeve sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yaşlı
• Fiziksel aktivite
• Bibliyometrik analiz

Research Trends in Physical Activity Among Older Adults: A Bibliometric Analysis (2014–2024)

Öz

This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of scientific publications on physical activity (PA) among older adults in order to identify publication trends, influential authors, journals, countries, and thematic research directions in the field. A total of 8.216 documents published between 2014 and 2024 were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database using predefined keywords. Bibliometric analyses were performed using the bibliometrix package within the R environment. The analysis examined publication trends, citation indicators, author productivity, journal impact (h-index), international collaboration networks, and keyword-based conceptual structures. The findings indicate that the publications were distributed across 1.561 sources, with an annual growth rate of 10.45%. The average document age was 4.92 years, and the average number of citations per document was 19.29. The international collaboration rate was 30.79%. Rantanen T., Portegijs E., and Stubbs B. emerged as the most influential authors, while PLOS ONE and BMC Geriatrics were identified as the journals with the highest h-index values. At the country level, The United States and China were the most productive countries. Keyword analysis revealed that “physical activity,” “older adults,” and “mortality” were the most frequently used terms. Thematic findings suggest that dementia prevention, exergames, green spaces, and physical frailty have become increasingly prominent research topics. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of the structural characteristics and evolving research trends in the field of FA among older adults, offering a valuable framework for future research and policy development.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elderly
• Physical activity
• Bibliometric analysis

Kaynakça

1. Ambrose, A. F., Paul, G., ve Hausdorff, J. M. (2013). Risk factors for falls among older adults: A review of the literature. Maturitas, 75(1), 51–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.02.009
2. Archambault, É., Campbell, D., Gingras, Y., ve Larivière, V. (2009). Comparing bibliometric statistics obtained from the Web of Science and Scopus. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 60(7), 1320–1326. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.21062
3. Aria, M., ve Cuccurullo, C. (2017). bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959–975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007
4. Bull, F. C., Al-Ansari, S. S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M. P., Cardon, G., Carty, C., Chaput, J.-P., Chastin, S., Chou, R., Dempsey, P. C., DiPietro, L., Ekelund, U., Firth, J., Friedenreich, C. M., Garcia, L., Gichu, M., Jago, R., Katzmarzyk, P. T., … Willumsen, J. F. (2020). World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(24), 1451–1462. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955
5. Cabo, C. A., Hernández-Beltrán, V., Gamonales, J. M., Fernandes, O., Espada, M. C., ve Parraca, J. A. (2024). Evolution of documents related to the influence of physical activity and functional capacity throughout the aging process: A bibliometric review. Frontiers in Physiology, 15, 1427038. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2024.1427038
6. Caspersen, C. J., Powell, K. E., ve Christenson, G. M. (1985). Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Reports, 100(2), 126–131.
7. Cruz-Jentoft, A. J., Bahat, G., Bauer, J., Boirie, Y., Bruyère, O., Cederholm, T., Cooper, C., Landi, F., Rolland, Y., Aihie Sayer, A., Schneider, S. M., Sieber, C. C., Topinkova, E., Vandewoude, M., Visser, M., Zamboni, M., Writing Group for the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), & Extended Group for EWGSOP2. (2019). Sarcopenia: Revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age and Ageing, 48(1), 16–31. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afy169
8. Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N., ve Lim, W. M. (2021). How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 133, 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.070

9. Erickson, K. I., Voss, M. W., Prakash, R. S., Basak, C., Szabo, A., Chaddock, L., Kim, J. S., Heo, S., Alves, H., White, S. M., Wojcicki, T. R., Mailey, E., Vieira, V. J., Martin, S. A., Pence, B. D., Woods, J. A., McAuley, E., ve Kramer, A. F. (2011). Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(7), 3017–3022. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1015950108
10. Guthold, R., Stevens, G. A., Riley, L. M., ve Bull, F. C. (2018). Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016. The Lancet Global Health, 6(10), e1077–e1086. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7
11. Kemoun, P., Ader, I., Planat-Benard, V., Dray, C., Fazilleau, N., Monsarrat, P., Cousin, B., Paupert, J., Ousset, M., Lorsignol, A., Raymond-Letron, I., Vellas, B., Valet, P., Kirkwood, T., Beard, J., Pénicaud, L., ve Casteil, L. (2022). A gerophysiology perspective on healthy ageing. Ageing Research Reviews, 73, 101537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2021.101537
12. Luo, Y. X., Zhu, Y. H., ve Yao, X. Q. (2023). Knowledge mapping of exercise and physical activity research in older adults. Heliyon, 9(12), e23181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23181
13. Mitchell, W. K., Williams, J., Atherton, P., Larvin, M., Lund, J., ve Narici, M. (2012). Sarcopenia, dynapenia, and the impact of advancing age on skeletal muscle. Frontiers in Physiology, 3, 260. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00260
14. Moody, H. R., ve Sasser, J. R. (2020). Aging: Concepts and controversies (9th ed.). SAGE Publications.
15. Müller, A. M., Ansari, P., Ebrahim, N. A., ve Khoo, S. (2016). Physical activity and aging research: A bibliometric analysis. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 24(3), 476–483. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2015-0188
16. Northey, J. M., Cherbuin, N., Pumpa, K. L., Smee, D. J., ve Rattray, B. (2018). Exercise interventions for cognitive function in adults older than 50. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(3), 154–160. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096587
17. Paterson, D. H., ve Warburton, D. E. R. (2010). Physical activity and functional limitations in older adults. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7, 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-7-38
18. Sherrington, C., Fairhall, N. J., Wallbank, G. K., Tiedemann, A., Michaleff, Z. A., Howard, K., Clemson, L., Hopewell, S., ve Lamb, S. E. (2019). Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(13), 905–911. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099922
19. Sun, X., ve Wang, L. (2022). Research trends in ageing and health: A bibliometric analysis. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 908468. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.908468
20. Wahid, A., Manek, N., Nichols, M., Kelly, P., Foster, C., Webster, P., Kaur, A., Friedemann Smith, C., Wilkins, E., Rayner, M., Roberts, N., ve Scarborough, P. (2016). Quantifying the association between physical activity and cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Journal of the American Heart Association, 5(9), e002495. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.115.002495
21. World Health Organization. (2020). WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240015128.