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VERİLİ ANTRENMAN ŞİDDETLERİNDE YAPILAN EGZERSİZLERE VERİLEN METABOLİK YANITLAR.

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 1 - 12, 01.02.2007

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Allen, W.K., Seals, D.R., Hurley, B.F., Ehsani, A.A. & Hagberg, J.M. (1985). Lactate threshold and distance- running performance in young and older endurance athletes. J Appl Physiol, 58,1281-4.
  • Almarwaey, O.A., Jones, A.M. & Tolfrey, K. (2004). Maximal lactate steady state in trained adolescent runners. J Sports Sci, 22(2), 215-25.
  • Astrand, P. & Rodahl, K. (1986). Textbook of Work Physiology. 3th Ed. USA: Mc Graw-Hill Book Company.
  • Aunola, S. & Rusko, H. (1992). Does anaerobic threshold correlate with maximal lactate steady-state? J Sports Sci, 10(4), 309-23.
  • Bentley D.J., Newell, J. & Bishop, D. (2007). Incremental exercise test design and analysis: Implications for p e r f o r m a n c e d i a g n o s t i c s i n endurance athletes. Sports Med. 37(7), 575-86.
  • Bompa, T.O. (1998). Antrenman Kuramý ve Yöntemi. Çev: Ýlknur Keskin, A.Burcu Tuner. Ankara: Kültür Ofset.
  • Boulay, R.M., Simoneau, J.A., Lortie, G. & Bouchard, C. (1997). Monitoring high-intensity endurance exercise with heart rate and thresholds. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 29(1), 125-32.
  • Costill, D.L., Thomason, H. & Robert, E. (1973). Fractional utilization of the aerobic capacity during distance running. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 5, 248-52.
  • Denadai, B.S., Gomide, E.B. & Greco, C.C. (2005). The relationship between onset of blood lactate accumulation, critical velocity, and maximal lactate steady state in soccer players. J Strength Cond Res, 19(2), 364-8.
  • Denis, C., Dormois, D., Castells, J., Bonnefoy, R., Padilla, S., Geyssant, A . & L a c o u r, J . R . , ( 1 9 9 8 ) . Comparison of incremental and steady state tests of endurance traning. Eur J Appl Physiol, 57, 474-81.
  • Dennis, S.C. & Noakes, T.D. (1998). P h y s i o l o g i c a l a n d m e t a b o l i c responses to increasing work rates: Relevance for exercise prescription. J Sports Science, 16, 77-84.
  • Esteve-Lanao, J., Foster, C., Seiler, S. & Lucia, A. (2007). Impact of training intensity distribution on performance in endurance athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 21(3), 943-949.
  • Farrel, P.A., Wilmore, J.H., Coyle, E.F., Billing, J.E. & Costill, D.L. (1979). Plasma lactate accumulation and distance running performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 11(4), 338-344.
  • Foster, C., Cohen, J., Donovan, K., Gastrau, P., Killian, P.j., Schrager, M. & Snyder, A.C. (1993). Fixed time versus fixed distance protocols for the blood lactate profile in athletes. Int J Sports Med, 14(5), 264-268.
  • Foster, C., Fitzgerald, D.J. & Spatz, P. (1999). Stability of blood lactate- heart rate relationship in competitive athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 31(4), 578-582.
  • Foxdal, P., Sjodin, A. & Sjodin, B. (1996). Comparison of blood lactate concentrations obtained during incremental and constant intensity exercise. Int J Sports Med, 17(5), 360-365.
  • Foxdal, P., Sjödin, B., Sjödin, A. & Östman, B. (1994). The validity and accuracy of blood lactate measurements for prediction of maximal endurance running capacity. Int J Sports Med, 15(2), 89-95.
  • Gilman, M.B. (1996). The use of heart rate to monitor the intensity of endurance training. Sports Med, 21(2), 73-79.
  • Guner, R., Kunduracioglu, B. & Ulkar, B., (2006). Running velocities and heart r a t e s a t f i x e d b l o o d l a c t a t e concentrations in young soccer players. Adv Ther 23(3), 395-403.
  • Guner, R., Kunduracioglu, B., Ulkar, B. & Ergen, E. (2005). Running velocities and heart rates at fixed blood lactate concentrations in elite soccer players. Adv Ther, 22(6), 613-620.
  • Harre, D. (1982). Principles of Sports Training. Berlin: Sportverlag.
  • Heck, H., Mader, A., Hess, G., Mucke, S., Muller, R. & Hollmann, W. (1985). Justification of the 4 mmol/L lactate threshold. Int J Sports Med, 6, 117-130.
  • Hofmann, P., Von Duvillard, S.P., Seibert, F.J., Pokan, R. & Wonish, M. (2001). %HRmax target heart rate is dependent on heart rate performance curve deflection. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 33(10), 1726-1731.
  • Hoogeveen, A.R. & Schep, G. (1997). The plasma lactate response to exercise a n d e n d u r a n c e p e r f o r m a n c e : Relationships in elite triathletes. Int J Sports Med, 18(7), 526-530.
  • Jacobs, I. (1986). Blood lactate: Implications for training and sports performance. Sports Med, 3(1), 10-25.
  • Janssen, P. (2001). Lactate Threshold Training. USA: Human Kinetics.
  • Kindermann, W., Simon, G. & Keul, J. (1979). The significance of the anaerobic determination of work load intensities during progressive exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol, 42, 25-34.
  • LaFontaine, T.P., Londeree, B.R. & Spath, W.K. (1981). The maximal steady state versus selected running events. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 13(3), 190- 193.
  • Lajoie, C., Laurencelle, L. & Trudeau, F. (2000). Physiological responses to cycling for 60 minutes at maximal lactate steady state. Can J Appl Physiol, 25(4), 250-261.
  • Maciejewski H, Messonnier L, Moyen B & Bourdin M. (2007). Blood lactate and heat stress during training in rowers. Int J Sports Med, 24 (Basýmda).
  • Maffulli, N., Capasso, G. & Lancia, A. (1991). Anaerobic threshold and performance in middle and long distance running. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 31, 332-340.
  • Magnoni, P., Sirtori, M.D., Lorenzelli, F. & Cerretelli, P. (1990). Physiological responses during prolonged exercise at the power output corresponding to the blood lactate threshold. Eur Appl Physiol, 60, 239-243.
  • McLellan, T.M. & Cheung, K.S. (1992). A comparative evaluation of the Ýndividual anaerobic threshold and the critical power. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 24(5), 543-550.
  • Meyer, T., Gabriel, H.H.W. & Kindermann, W. (1999). Is determination of exercise Ýntensities as percentages of VO2max or HRmax adequate?. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 31(9), 1342- 1345.
  • Nicholson, R.M. & Sleivert, G.G. (2001). Indices of lactate threshold and their relationship with 10-km running velocity. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 33(2), 339-342.
  • Orok, C.J., Hughson, R.L., Green, H.J. & Thomson, J.A. (1989). Blood lactate responses in incremental exercise as p r e d i c t o r s o f c o n s t a n t l o a d performance. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 59(4), 262-267.
  • Oyono-Enguelle, S., Heitz, A., Marbach, J., Ott, C., Gartner, M., Pape, A., Vollmer, J.C. & Freund, H. (1990). Blood lactate during constant-load exercise at aerobic and anaerobic thresholds. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 60(5), 321-330.
  • Parker, D., Robergs, R.A., Quintana, R., Frankel, C.C. & Dallam, G. (1997). Heart rate threshold is not a valid estimation of the lactate threshold. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 29(5), 1344.
  • Ribeiro JP, Hughes V, Fielding RA, Holden, W., Evans, W. & Knuttgen H . G . ( 1 9 8 6 ) . M e t a b o l i c a n d ventilatory responses to steady state e x e r c i s e r e l a t i v e t o l a c t a t e thresholds. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 55(2), 215-221.
  • Robinson, D.M., Robinson, S.M., Hume, P.A. & Hopkins, W.G. (1991). Training intensity of elite male distance runners. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 23(9), 1078-1082.
  • Rotstein, A., Dotan, R., Bar-Or, O. & Tenenbaum, G. (1986). Effect of training on anaerobic threshold, maksimal aerobic power and a n a e r o b i c p e r f o r m a n c e o f preadolescent boys. Int J Sports Med, 7(5), 281-286.
  • Rusko, H., Luhtanen, P., Viitasalo, J., Rehunen, S. & Härkönen, M. (1986). Muscle metabolism, blood lactate and oxygen uptake in steady state exercise at aerobic and anaerobic thresholds. Eur J Appl Physiol, 55, 181-186.
  • Scott, C.B. (1999). Oxygen deficit and s l o w o x y g e n c o m p o n e n t reletionships between intermittent and continuous exercise. J Sports Sci, 17, 951-956.
  • Shephard, R.J. (1992). Maximal oxygen intake. Shephard R.J- Astrand, P.O. (Eds) Endurance in Sport. (pp 192- 200) USA: Balackwell Scientific Publication.
  • Stoudemire, M.N., Wideman, L., Pass, A.K., Mcginnes, L.C., Gaesser, A.G. & Weltman, A. (1996). The validity of r e g u l a t i n g b l o o d l a c t a t e concentration during running by ratings of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 28(4), 490-495.
  • Tanaka, K. & Matsuura, Y. (1984). Marathon performance, anaerobic threshold, and onset of blood lactate accumulation. J Appl Physiol, 57, 640-643.
  • Urhausen, A. & Kindermann, W. (1992). B l o o d a m m o n i a a n d l a c t a t e concentrations during endurance exercise of differing intensities. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 65(3), 209-214.
  • Vachon, A.J., Basset, D.R.Jr. & Clarke, S. (1999). Validity of the heart rate deflection point as a predictor of lactate threshold during running. J Appl Physiol, 87(1), 452-459.
  • Wassermann, K., Whipp, B.J., Koyal, S.N. & Beaver, W.L. (1973). Anaerobic threshold and respiratory gas exchange during exercise. J Appl Physiol, 35, 235-243.
  • Weltman, A., Snead, D., Stein, P., Seip, R., Schurrer, R., Rutt, R. & Weltman, J. (1990). Reliability and valitidy of continuous incremental treadmill protocol for the determination of lactate threshold, fixed blood lactate concentration, and VO2max. Int J Sports Med, 11(1), 26-32.

VERİLİ ANTRENMAN ŞİDDETLERİNDE YAPILAN EGZERSİZLERE VERİLEN METABOLİK YANITLAR

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 1 - 12, 01.02.2007

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, verili antrenman şiddetlerinde yapılan egzersizlerde, kalp
atım hızı (KAH), kan laktat konsantrasyonu ([La]) ve oksijen tüketimi (VO ) 2
parametrelerinde ortaya çıkan farklılıkları saptamaktır. Çalışmaya, düzenli olarak
antrenman yapan yedi yol, dört dağ bisikletçisi katıldı (yaş: 25,2±6,2 yıl, boy: 175,1±5,1
cm, vücut ağırlığı: 70,4±7,3 kg). Denekler, test-tekrar test VO ve laktat testi (LT), birer 2maks
kez 2,0 (SŞE-2), 3,0 (SŞE-3) ve 4,0 (SŞE-4) mM kan [La] karşılık gelen sabit şiddetli
egzersizlerde (SŞE), [La] ±1 mM değişene kadar veya 30 dk egzersiz yaptılar. Testler
sırasında portatif O analizörü (Cosmed K4b2, Italy) ile VO ve KAH, her üç dakikada bir 2 2
kulak memesinden alınan kapiller kandan YSI 1500 laktik asit analizörü ile [La] ölçüldü.
Test, tekrar-test güvenirlik katsayısı tüm değişkenlerde 0,92'den büyüktür. Deneklerin
tümü SŞE-2 testini tamamladı, SŞE-3 testini dört denek, SŞE-4 testini iki denek
tamamlayabildi. SŞE-3'te yanıt (Y) KAH ile kestirim (K) KAH ve SŞE-4'te incelenen tüm
parametrelerde, egzersize verilen yanıt ve kestirilen değerler arasındaki fark anlamlı
bulundu (p < 0,05). Sonuç olarak, heterojen yapılı bir denek grubunda 3,0 ve 4,0 mM
[La]'na denk gelen antrenman şiddetlerinde yapılan uzun süreli egzersizlerdeki çalışma
süresi, KAH, VO ve VO'ın kullanılan yüzdesi bireysel olarak değişmekte ve bireyler 2 2maks
arasında farklı metabolik zorlanmalar yaratabilmektedir. Buradan hareketle, bireysel
cevaplar üzerinden iş yükü belirlenmesinde verili bir antrenman şiddetine verilen cevap
ve çalışma süresinin belirlenmesi önemlidir.

Kaynakça

  • Allen, W.K., Seals, D.R., Hurley, B.F., Ehsani, A.A. & Hagberg, J.M. (1985). Lactate threshold and distance- running performance in young and older endurance athletes. J Appl Physiol, 58,1281-4.
  • Almarwaey, O.A., Jones, A.M. & Tolfrey, K. (2004). Maximal lactate steady state in trained adolescent runners. J Sports Sci, 22(2), 215-25.
  • Astrand, P. & Rodahl, K. (1986). Textbook of Work Physiology. 3th Ed. USA: Mc Graw-Hill Book Company.
  • Aunola, S. & Rusko, H. (1992). Does anaerobic threshold correlate with maximal lactate steady-state? J Sports Sci, 10(4), 309-23.
  • Bentley D.J., Newell, J. & Bishop, D. (2007). Incremental exercise test design and analysis: Implications for p e r f o r m a n c e d i a g n o s t i c s i n endurance athletes. Sports Med. 37(7), 575-86.
  • Bompa, T.O. (1998). Antrenman Kuramý ve Yöntemi. Çev: Ýlknur Keskin, A.Burcu Tuner. Ankara: Kültür Ofset.
  • Boulay, R.M., Simoneau, J.A., Lortie, G. & Bouchard, C. (1997). Monitoring high-intensity endurance exercise with heart rate and thresholds. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 29(1), 125-32.
  • Costill, D.L., Thomason, H. & Robert, E. (1973). Fractional utilization of the aerobic capacity during distance running. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 5, 248-52.
  • Denadai, B.S., Gomide, E.B. & Greco, C.C. (2005). The relationship between onset of blood lactate accumulation, critical velocity, and maximal lactate steady state in soccer players. J Strength Cond Res, 19(2), 364-8.
  • Denis, C., Dormois, D., Castells, J., Bonnefoy, R., Padilla, S., Geyssant, A . & L a c o u r, J . R . , ( 1 9 9 8 ) . Comparison of incremental and steady state tests of endurance traning. Eur J Appl Physiol, 57, 474-81.
  • Dennis, S.C. & Noakes, T.D. (1998). P h y s i o l o g i c a l a n d m e t a b o l i c responses to increasing work rates: Relevance for exercise prescription. J Sports Science, 16, 77-84.
  • Esteve-Lanao, J., Foster, C., Seiler, S. & Lucia, A. (2007). Impact of training intensity distribution on performance in endurance athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 21(3), 943-949.
  • Farrel, P.A., Wilmore, J.H., Coyle, E.F., Billing, J.E. & Costill, D.L. (1979). Plasma lactate accumulation and distance running performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 11(4), 338-344.
  • Foster, C., Cohen, J., Donovan, K., Gastrau, P., Killian, P.j., Schrager, M. & Snyder, A.C. (1993). Fixed time versus fixed distance protocols for the blood lactate profile in athletes. Int J Sports Med, 14(5), 264-268.
  • Foster, C., Fitzgerald, D.J. & Spatz, P. (1999). Stability of blood lactate- heart rate relationship in competitive athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 31(4), 578-582.
  • Foxdal, P., Sjodin, A. & Sjodin, B. (1996). Comparison of blood lactate concentrations obtained during incremental and constant intensity exercise. Int J Sports Med, 17(5), 360-365.
  • Foxdal, P., Sjödin, B., Sjödin, A. & Östman, B. (1994). The validity and accuracy of blood lactate measurements for prediction of maximal endurance running capacity. Int J Sports Med, 15(2), 89-95.
  • Gilman, M.B. (1996). The use of heart rate to monitor the intensity of endurance training. Sports Med, 21(2), 73-79.
  • Guner, R., Kunduracioglu, B. & Ulkar, B., (2006). Running velocities and heart r a t e s a t f i x e d b l o o d l a c t a t e concentrations in young soccer players. Adv Ther 23(3), 395-403.
  • Guner, R., Kunduracioglu, B., Ulkar, B. & Ergen, E. (2005). Running velocities and heart rates at fixed blood lactate concentrations in elite soccer players. Adv Ther, 22(6), 613-620.
  • Harre, D. (1982). Principles of Sports Training. Berlin: Sportverlag.
  • Heck, H., Mader, A., Hess, G., Mucke, S., Muller, R. & Hollmann, W. (1985). Justification of the 4 mmol/L lactate threshold. Int J Sports Med, 6, 117-130.
  • Hofmann, P., Von Duvillard, S.P., Seibert, F.J., Pokan, R. & Wonish, M. (2001). %HRmax target heart rate is dependent on heart rate performance curve deflection. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 33(10), 1726-1731.
  • Hoogeveen, A.R. & Schep, G. (1997). The plasma lactate response to exercise a n d e n d u r a n c e p e r f o r m a n c e : Relationships in elite triathletes. Int J Sports Med, 18(7), 526-530.
  • Jacobs, I. (1986). Blood lactate: Implications for training and sports performance. Sports Med, 3(1), 10-25.
  • Janssen, P. (2001). Lactate Threshold Training. USA: Human Kinetics.
  • Kindermann, W., Simon, G. & Keul, J. (1979). The significance of the anaerobic determination of work load intensities during progressive exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol, 42, 25-34.
  • LaFontaine, T.P., Londeree, B.R. & Spath, W.K. (1981). The maximal steady state versus selected running events. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 13(3), 190- 193.
  • Lajoie, C., Laurencelle, L. & Trudeau, F. (2000). Physiological responses to cycling for 60 minutes at maximal lactate steady state. Can J Appl Physiol, 25(4), 250-261.
  • Maciejewski H, Messonnier L, Moyen B & Bourdin M. (2007). Blood lactate and heat stress during training in rowers. Int J Sports Med, 24 (Basýmda).
  • Maffulli, N., Capasso, G. & Lancia, A. (1991). Anaerobic threshold and performance in middle and long distance running. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 31, 332-340.
  • Magnoni, P., Sirtori, M.D., Lorenzelli, F. & Cerretelli, P. (1990). Physiological responses during prolonged exercise at the power output corresponding to the blood lactate threshold. Eur Appl Physiol, 60, 239-243.
  • McLellan, T.M. & Cheung, K.S. (1992). A comparative evaluation of the Ýndividual anaerobic threshold and the critical power. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 24(5), 543-550.
  • Meyer, T., Gabriel, H.H.W. & Kindermann, W. (1999). Is determination of exercise Ýntensities as percentages of VO2max or HRmax adequate?. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 31(9), 1342- 1345.
  • Nicholson, R.M. & Sleivert, G.G. (2001). Indices of lactate threshold and their relationship with 10-km running velocity. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 33(2), 339-342.
  • Orok, C.J., Hughson, R.L., Green, H.J. & Thomson, J.A. (1989). Blood lactate responses in incremental exercise as p r e d i c t o r s o f c o n s t a n t l o a d performance. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 59(4), 262-267.
  • Oyono-Enguelle, S., Heitz, A., Marbach, J., Ott, C., Gartner, M., Pape, A., Vollmer, J.C. & Freund, H. (1990). Blood lactate during constant-load exercise at aerobic and anaerobic thresholds. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 60(5), 321-330.
  • Parker, D., Robergs, R.A., Quintana, R., Frankel, C.C. & Dallam, G. (1997). Heart rate threshold is not a valid estimation of the lactate threshold. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 29(5), 1344.
  • Ribeiro JP, Hughes V, Fielding RA, Holden, W., Evans, W. & Knuttgen H . G . ( 1 9 8 6 ) . M e t a b o l i c a n d ventilatory responses to steady state e x e r c i s e r e l a t i v e t o l a c t a t e thresholds. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 55(2), 215-221.
  • Robinson, D.M., Robinson, S.M., Hume, P.A. & Hopkins, W.G. (1991). Training intensity of elite male distance runners. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 23(9), 1078-1082.
  • Rotstein, A., Dotan, R., Bar-Or, O. & Tenenbaum, G. (1986). Effect of training on anaerobic threshold, maksimal aerobic power and a n a e r o b i c p e r f o r m a n c e o f preadolescent boys. Int J Sports Med, 7(5), 281-286.
  • Rusko, H., Luhtanen, P., Viitasalo, J., Rehunen, S. & Härkönen, M. (1986). Muscle metabolism, blood lactate and oxygen uptake in steady state exercise at aerobic and anaerobic thresholds. Eur J Appl Physiol, 55, 181-186.
  • Scott, C.B. (1999). Oxygen deficit and s l o w o x y g e n c o m p o n e n t reletionships between intermittent and continuous exercise. J Sports Sci, 17, 951-956.
  • Shephard, R.J. (1992). Maximal oxygen intake. Shephard R.J- Astrand, P.O. (Eds) Endurance in Sport. (pp 192- 200) USA: Balackwell Scientific Publication.
  • Stoudemire, M.N., Wideman, L., Pass, A.K., Mcginnes, L.C., Gaesser, A.G. & Weltman, A. (1996). The validity of r e g u l a t i n g b l o o d l a c t a t e concentration during running by ratings of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 28(4), 490-495.
  • Tanaka, K. & Matsuura, Y. (1984). Marathon performance, anaerobic threshold, and onset of blood lactate accumulation. J Appl Physiol, 57, 640-643.
  • Urhausen, A. & Kindermann, W. (1992). B l o o d a m m o n i a a n d l a c t a t e concentrations during endurance exercise of differing intensities. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 65(3), 209-214.
  • Vachon, A.J., Basset, D.R.Jr. & Clarke, S. (1999). Validity of the heart rate deflection point as a predictor of lactate threshold during running. J Appl Physiol, 87(1), 452-459.
  • Wassermann, K., Whipp, B.J., Koyal, S.N. & Beaver, W.L. (1973). Anaerobic threshold and respiratory gas exchange during exercise. J Appl Physiol, 35, 235-243.
  • Weltman, A., Snead, D., Stein, P., Seip, R., Schurrer, R., Rutt, R. & Weltman, J. (1990). Reliability and valitidy of continuous incremental treadmill protocol for the determination of lactate threshold, fixed blood lactate concentration, and VO2max. Int J Sports Med, 11(1), 26-32.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Sinem Hazır Bu kişi benim

Tahir Hazır Bu kişi benim

Alper Aşçı Bu kişi benim

Caner Açıkada Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Şubat 2007
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Ocak 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2007 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Hazır, S., Hazır, T., Aşçı, A., Açıkada, C. (2007). VERİLİ ANTRENMAN ŞİDDETLERİNDE YAPILAN EGZERSİZLERE VERİLEN METABOLİK YANITLAR. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.171436

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