BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

SPORDA ŞİDDET VE ALT-KÜLTÜR.

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 4, 229 - 250, 01.08.2005

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Alabarces, P. (1999). Post-modern times: ıdentities and violence in argentine football. In Armstrong G. & Giulianot- ti R. (Eds) Football Cultures and Iden- tities. McMillan Press.
  • Armstrong, G. & Harris, R. (1991). Football hooligans: theory and evidence. So- ciol Rev, 39(33), 427-458.
  • Armstrong, G. & Hobbs, D. (1999). Tackled from behind. In Giulianotti,R. Bonney N. & Hepworth M. (Eds). Footbal, Vi- olence and Social Identity. (pp. 196- 228). London: Routledge.
  • Back, L.C. & Solomos, T.J. (1999). Beyond the racist/hooligan couplet:race, so- cial theory and football culture. Brit J Sociol, 50(3), 419-442
  • Bakker, F.C., Whiting, H.T.A. & van der Brug, H. (1990). Sport Psychology Con- cepts and Application. Chickester: John Wiley &Sons.
  • Barthes, R. (1990). Çağdaş Söylen. Çev. T. Yücel. İstanbul: Hürriyet Vakfı Yayın- ları.
  • Bilgin, N. (1994). Sosyal Bilimlerin Kavşağın- da Kimlik Sorunu. İzmir: Ege Yayıncı- lık.
  • Blake, A. (1996). Body Language-The Me- aning of Modern Sport. London: Law- rence & Wishard.
  • Bloom, A. G. & Smith, M. (1996). Hockey vi- olence: A test of cultural spillover the- ory. Sociol Sport J, 13, 65-77.
  • Bourdieu, P. (2002). Distinction A Social Cri- tique of the Judgement of Taste. Translated by R. Nice. Harvard Uni- versity Press.
  • Bourdieu, P. & Wacquant, J.D. (2003). Düşü- nümsel Bir Antropoloji İçin Cevaplar. Çev. N. Ökten. İstanbul: İletişim Ya- yınları.
  • Bulgu, N. (1997). Spor kurumunda cinsiyet ayrımı: Haber fotoğraflarına yansıyan toplumsal değerler. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 8 (2), 26-37.
  • Chiba, N., Ebihara, O. & Morino, S. (2001). Globalization, naturalization and ıdentity Int Rev Sociol Sport, 36(2), 203-221.
  • Clastres, P. (1992). Vahşi Savaşçının Mutsuz- luğu. Çev. A. Türker & M. Sert. İstan- bul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Connell, R.W. (1998). Toplumsal Cinsiyet ve İktidar Toplum, Kişi ve Cinsel Politika. Çev. C. Soydemir. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Courakis, N. (1998). Football violence: Not only a British problem. Eur J Crim Policy Res, 6, 293-302.
  • Donnely, P. & Young, K. (1988). The const- ruction and confirmation of identity in sport subcultures. Sociol Sport J, 5, 223-240
  • Douglas, D. D. (2005). Venus, Serena, and the Women’s Tennis Association: When and where “race” enters. Soci- ol Sport J.22, 256-282.
  • Dunning, E. (1990). Sociological reflections on sport violence and civilization. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 25(1), 65-81. Dunning, E. (2000). Towards a soci- ological understanding of football ho- oliganizm as a world phenomen. Eur J Crim Policy Res, 8, 141-162.
  • Dunning, E. (2002). Figurational contributi- ons to the sociological study of sport. In Maguire J. & Young K. (Eds) The- ory, Sport and Society. (pp. 239-266) JAI Elsevier Science Ltd.
  • Dunning, E. & Maguire, J. (1996). Process- sociological notes on sport, gender relations and violence control. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 31(3), 295-321.
  • Dunning, E., Murphy, P. & Waddington, I. (1991). Anthropological versus soci- ological approaches to the study of soccer holiganism: some critical no- tes. Sociol Rev, 39(33), 459-480.
  • Dunning. E., Murphy, P. & Williams, J. (1991). Spectator violence at football matc- hes: towards a sociological explana- tion. Brit J Sociol, 37(2), 221-244.
  • Dyreson, M. (2003). Globalizing the nati- on_making process: Modern sport in world history. Int J Hist Sport, 20(1), 91-106.
  • Elias, N. (2002). Uygarlık Süreci. C. I-II. Çev. E. Ateşman & E. Özbek). İstanbul: İle- tişim Yayınları.
  • Elias, N. & Dunning, E. (1986). Quest for Ex- citement: Sport and Leisure in the Ci- vilizing Process. New York: Basil Blackwell.
  • Evans, R. & Rowe, M. (2002). For club and country: Taking football disorder ab- road. Soccer and Society, 3(1) 37-53.
  • Finn, G.P. (1999). Football Violence: a Soci- etal Psychological Perspective. In Gi- ulianotti R., Bonney N. & Hepworth M. (Eds). Football, Violence and Soci- al Identity. (pp.90-127). London: Ro- utledge.
  • Foucault, M. (2003a). Deliliğin Tarihi. Çev. H.U. Tanrıöver). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Ya- yınları.
  • Foucault, M. (2003b). İktidarın Gözü. Çev. I. Ergüden. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Foley, D. (1990). The great american football ritual: reproducing race, class, and gender ınequality. Sociol Sport J, 7(111), 111-135.
  • Giulianotti, R. (1991). Scotland’s tartan army in Italy: The case for the carnivales- que. Sociol Rev, 39(33), 503-527.
  • Giulianotti, R. (1999a). Taking liberties: Hibs casuals and Scottish law. In Giuli- anotti R., Bonney N. & Hepwort M. (Eds) Footbal, Violence & Social Iden- tity. (pp.229-261) London: Routledge.
  • Giulianotti, R. (1999b). Hooligans and carni- val fans: Scottish football supporter cultures. In Armstrong G. & Giulianot- ti R. (Eds). Football Cultures and Identities. (pp.29-40) Basingstoke: McMillan Press.
  • Giulianotti, R. (2005). Sport a Critical Soci- ology. Cambridge, MA: Polity press.
  • Hargreaves, J. (1998). Sport, Power and Culture. London: Blakwell.
  • Hargreaves, J. (2002). Globalisation Theory, Global Sport, and Nations and Nati- onalism. In Sugden J. & Tomlinson A. (Eds) Power Games. (pp. 25-43) London: Routledge.
  • Hebdige, D. (2005). Alt-Kültürler, Tarzın An- lamı. Çev. S. Nişancı. İstanbul: Babil Yayınları.
  • Hobsbawm, E.J. (2006). Milletler ve Milliyet- çilik, Program, Mit, Gerçeklik. Çev. O Akınhay. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Horak, R. (1991). Things change: Trends in Austrian football hooliganism from 1977-1990. Sociol Rev, 39(33), 531- 548.
  • Hughson, J. (1998). Soccer support and so- cial ıdentity-finding the “thirdspace”. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 33(4), 403- 409.
  • King, A. (1995). Outline of a practical theory of football violence. J Sport Sociol, 29(4), 635-651.
  • King, A. (2000). Football fandom and post- national identity in the New Europe. Brit J Sociol, 51(3), 419-441.
  • Kayaoğlu, A.G. (2004). Futbolda seyirci şid- deti: Sosyal psikolojinin katkıları ve sınırlılıkları. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 7 (13), 79-101.
  • Koca, C. (2006). Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Ala- nında Toplumsal ve Kültürel Yeniden Üretim. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimle- ri Enstitüsü.
  • Lance, M.L. (2005). Violence in sport: A the- retical note. Sociol Spectrum, 25, 213-214.
  • Maguire, J. (1994). Sport, identity politics and globalization: Diminishing cont- rasts and incrasing varities. Sociol Sport J, 11,398-427.
  • Maguire, J. (2001). Global Sport, Identities, Societies, Civilizations. Polity.
  • Maguire, J. (2005). Power and Global Sport, Zones of Prestige, Emulation and Re- sistance. London: Routladge.
  • Maguire, J. & Tuck, J. (2005). National Iden- tity, rugby union and the “Irish”. Irish J Sociol, 14(1), 86-109.
  • Marsh, P., Fox, K., Carnibella, G., McCann, J. & Marsh, J. (1996). Football Violen- ce in Europe: The Amsterdam Group. Amsterdam.
  • Mechikoff, R.A. & Estes, S.G. (2002). A His- tory and Philosophy of Sport and Physical Education From Ancient Ci- vilization To The Modern World. (Third Edition). Boston, MA: McGraw- Hill.
  • Merkel, U. (1999). Football Identity and Yo- uth Culture in Germany. In Armstrong G. & Giulianotti R. (Eds) Football Cul- tures and Identities. (pp.52-66). Basingstoke: McMillan Press.
  • Merrill, J. M. (1986). The mythology of foot- ball hooliganism: A closer look at the British experience. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 21(1), 1-19.
  • Messner, M.A. (1992). Power at Play Sports and the Problem of Masculinity. Boston: Beacon Press.
  • Pilz, G.A. (1996). Social factors influencing sport and violence: On the problem of football hooliganism in Germany. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 31(1), 49-59.
  • Roberts, J.V. & Benjamin, C.Y. (2000). Spec- tator violence in sports: A North Ame- rican perspective. Eur J Crim Policy Res, 8, 163-181.
  • Roversi, A. (1991). Footbal violence in Italy. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 26(4),311-331.
  • Roversi, A. & Balestri, C. (2000). Italian ultras today: Change or decline? Eur J Crim Policy Res, 8, 183-189.
  • Spaaij, R., Vinas, C. (2005). Passion, politics and violence: A socio-historical analysis of Spanish ultras. Soccer Soc, 6(1), 79-96.
  • Smith, A.D. (2002). Ulusların Etnik Kökeni Çev. S. Bayramoğlu.& H. Kendir. An- kara: Dost.
  • Smith, A.D. (2004). Milli Kimlik. Çev. B.S. Şe- ner. (3. Baskı). İstanbul: İletişim.
  • Tomlinson, A. (2002). Theorising spectacle beyond Debord. In Sugden J. & Tom- linson A. (Eds) Power Games A Critical Sociology of Sport. (pp. 44- 60). London: Routledge.
  • Vincent, J. (2004). Game, sex and match: The construction of gender in British newspaper of the 2000 coverage Wimbledon Championships. Sociol Sport J, 21, 435-456
  • Ward, R. (2002). Fan violence social problem or moral panic. Aggres Violent Beh, 7, 453-475.
  • Weinstein, M.D., Smith, M.D. & Wiesenthal, D.L. (1995). Masculinity and hockey violence. Sex Roles, 33(11-12), 831- 847.
  • Weiss, O. (2001). Identity reinforcement in sport. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 36(4), 393-405.
  • Williams, R. (1993). Kültür. Çev. E. Başer. İs- tanbul: İletişim.
  • Young, K. (1991). Sport and collective violence. Exerc Sport Sci Rev, 19, 539-587
  • Young, K. (2002). Standart deviations: An update on North American sports crowd disorder. Sociol Sport J, 19, 237-275.

SPORDA ŞİDDET VE ALT-KÜLTÜR

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 4, 229 - 250, 01.08.2005

Öz

Sporda alt-kültürler, erkeklik kimliğini kültürleyen yapılanmalardır. Spor-güç ilişkisini şiddetle; şiddeti kimlikle, kimliği erkeklikle sınırlayan bu yazı, sporun toplumsaldan soyutlanamayacağı görüşüne dayandırılmıştır. Belirtilen ilişkiler; kültür, alt-kültür, habitus, hegemonik erkeklik anahtar sözcükleri çerçevesinde, sporu toplumsal işaretler taşıyan birgösterge niteliğinde ele almakta. Bunun yanında, bir olgu tarihsel sürecinden bağımsız düşünülemeyeceği için, bir noktaya kadar betisel (figurational) sosyoloji çizgisinden, ama bütünsel bir açıklama yerine, kültürel özellikleri dikkate alan, farklılığa, çeşitliliğe prim veren bir akış çizgisini izlemiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Alabarces, P. (1999). Post-modern times: ıdentities and violence in argentine football. In Armstrong G. & Giulianot- ti R. (Eds) Football Cultures and Iden- tities. McMillan Press.
  • Armstrong, G. & Harris, R. (1991). Football hooligans: theory and evidence. So- ciol Rev, 39(33), 427-458.
  • Armstrong, G. & Hobbs, D. (1999). Tackled from behind. In Giulianotti,R. Bonney N. & Hepworth M. (Eds). Footbal, Vi- olence and Social Identity. (pp. 196- 228). London: Routledge.
  • Back, L.C. & Solomos, T.J. (1999). Beyond the racist/hooligan couplet:race, so- cial theory and football culture. Brit J Sociol, 50(3), 419-442
  • Bakker, F.C., Whiting, H.T.A. & van der Brug, H. (1990). Sport Psychology Con- cepts and Application. Chickester: John Wiley &Sons.
  • Barthes, R. (1990). Çağdaş Söylen. Çev. T. Yücel. İstanbul: Hürriyet Vakfı Yayın- ları.
  • Bilgin, N. (1994). Sosyal Bilimlerin Kavşağın- da Kimlik Sorunu. İzmir: Ege Yayıncı- lık.
  • Blake, A. (1996). Body Language-The Me- aning of Modern Sport. London: Law- rence & Wishard.
  • Bloom, A. G. & Smith, M. (1996). Hockey vi- olence: A test of cultural spillover the- ory. Sociol Sport J, 13, 65-77.
  • Bourdieu, P. (2002). Distinction A Social Cri- tique of the Judgement of Taste. Translated by R. Nice. Harvard Uni- versity Press.
  • Bourdieu, P. & Wacquant, J.D. (2003). Düşü- nümsel Bir Antropoloji İçin Cevaplar. Çev. N. Ökten. İstanbul: İletişim Ya- yınları.
  • Bulgu, N. (1997). Spor kurumunda cinsiyet ayrımı: Haber fotoğraflarına yansıyan toplumsal değerler. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 8 (2), 26-37.
  • Chiba, N., Ebihara, O. & Morino, S. (2001). Globalization, naturalization and ıdentity Int Rev Sociol Sport, 36(2), 203-221.
  • Clastres, P. (1992). Vahşi Savaşçının Mutsuz- luğu. Çev. A. Türker & M. Sert. İstan- bul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Connell, R.W. (1998). Toplumsal Cinsiyet ve İktidar Toplum, Kişi ve Cinsel Politika. Çev. C. Soydemir. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Courakis, N. (1998). Football violence: Not only a British problem. Eur J Crim Policy Res, 6, 293-302.
  • Donnely, P. & Young, K. (1988). The const- ruction and confirmation of identity in sport subcultures. Sociol Sport J, 5, 223-240
  • Douglas, D. D. (2005). Venus, Serena, and the Women’s Tennis Association: When and where “race” enters. Soci- ol Sport J.22, 256-282.
  • Dunning, E. (1990). Sociological reflections on sport violence and civilization. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 25(1), 65-81. Dunning, E. (2000). Towards a soci- ological understanding of football ho- oliganizm as a world phenomen. Eur J Crim Policy Res, 8, 141-162.
  • Dunning, E. (2002). Figurational contributi- ons to the sociological study of sport. In Maguire J. & Young K. (Eds) The- ory, Sport and Society. (pp. 239-266) JAI Elsevier Science Ltd.
  • Dunning, E. & Maguire, J. (1996). Process- sociological notes on sport, gender relations and violence control. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 31(3), 295-321.
  • Dunning, E., Murphy, P. & Waddington, I. (1991). Anthropological versus soci- ological approaches to the study of soccer holiganism: some critical no- tes. Sociol Rev, 39(33), 459-480.
  • Dunning. E., Murphy, P. & Williams, J. (1991). Spectator violence at football matc- hes: towards a sociological explana- tion. Brit J Sociol, 37(2), 221-244.
  • Dyreson, M. (2003). Globalizing the nati- on_making process: Modern sport in world history. Int J Hist Sport, 20(1), 91-106.
  • Elias, N. (2002). Uygarlık Süreci. C. I-II. Çev. E. Ateşman & E. Özbek). İstanbul: İle- tişim Yayınları.
  • Elias, N. & Dunning, E. (1986). Quest for Ex- citement: Sport and Leisure in the Ci- vilizing Process. New York: Basil Blackwell.
  • Evans, R. & Rowe, M. (2002). For club and country: Taking football disorder ab- road. Soccer and Society, 3(1) 37-53.
  • Finn, G.P. (1999). Football Violence: a Soci- etal Psychological Perspective. In Gi- ulianotti R., Bonney N. & Hepworth M. (Eds). Football, Violence and Soci- al Identity. (pp.90-127). London: Ro- utledge.
  • Foucault, M. (2003a). Deliliğin Tarihi. Çev. H.U. Tanrıöver). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Ya- yınları.
  • Foucault, M. (2003b). İktidarın Gözü. Çev. I. Ergüden. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Foley, D. (1990). The great american football ritual: reproducing race, class, and gender ınequality. Sociol Sport J, 7(111), 111-135.
  • Giulianotti, R. (1991). Scotland’s tartan army in Italy: The case for the carnivales- que. Sociol Rev, 39(33), 503-527.
  • Giulianotti, R. (1999a). Taking liberties: Hibs casuals and Scottish law. In Giuli- anotti R., Bonney N. & Hepwort M. (Eds) Footbal, Violence & Social Iden- tity. (pp.229-261) London: Routledge.
  • Giulianotti, R. (1999b). Hooligans and carni- val fans: Scottish football supporter cultures. In Armstrong G. & Giulianot- ti R. (Eds). Football Cultures and Identities. (pp.29-40) Basingstoke: McMillan Press.
  • Giulianotti, R. (2005). Sport a Critical Soci- ology. Cambridge, MA: Polity press.
  • Hargreaves, J. (1998). Sport, Power and Culture. London: Blakwell.
  • Hargreaves, J. (2002). Globalisation Theory, Global Sport, and Nations and Nati- onalism. In Sugden J. & Tomlinson A. (Eds) Power Games. (pp. 25-43) London: Routledge.
  • Hebdige, D. (2005). Alt-Kültürler, Tarzın An- lamı. Çev. S. Nişancı. İstanbul: Babil Yayınları.
  • Hobsbawm, E.J. (2006). Milletler ve Milliyet- çilik, Program, Mit, Gerçeklik. Çev. O Akınhay. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Horak, R. (1991). Things change: Trends in Austrian football hooliganism from 1977-1990. Sociol Rev, 39(33), 531- 548.
  • Hughson, J. (1998). Soccer support and so- cial ıdentity-finding the “thirdspace”. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 33(4), 403- 409.
  • King, A. (1995). Outline of a practical theory of football violence. J Sport Sociol, 29(4), 635-651.
  • King, A. (2000). Football fandom and post- national identity in the New Europe. Brit J Sociol, 51(3), 419-441.
  • Kayaoğlu, A.G. (2004). Futbolda seyirci şid- deti: Sosyal psikolojinin katkıları ve sınırlılıkları. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 7 (13), 79-101.
  • Koca, C. (2006). Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Ala- nında Toplumsal ve Kültürel Yeniden Üretim. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimle- ri Enstitüsü.
  • Lance, M.L. (2005). Violence in sport: A the- retical note. Sociol Spectrum, 25, 213-214.
  • Maguire, J. (1994). Sport, identity politics and globalization: Diminishing cont- rasts and incrasing varities. Sociol Sport J, 11,398-427.
  • Maguire, J. (2001). Global Sport, Identities, Societies, Civilizations. Polity.
  • Maguire, J. (2005). Power and Global Sport, Zones of Prestige, Emulation and Re- sistance. London: Routladge.
  • Maguire, J. & Tuck, J. (2005). National Iden- tity, rugby union and the “Irish”. Irish J Sociol, 14(1), 86-109.
  • Marsh, P., Fox, K., Carnibella, G., McCann, J. & Marsh, J. (1996). Football Violen- ce in Europe: The Amsterdam Group. Amsterdam.
  • Mechikoff, R.A. & Estes, S.G. (2002). A His- tory and Philosophy of Sport and Physical Education From Ancient Ci- vilization To The Modern World. (Third Edition). Boston, MA: McGraw- Hill.
  • Merkel, U. (1999). Football Identity and Yo- uth Culture in Germany. In Armstrong G. & Giulianotti R. (Eds) Football Cul- tures and Identities. (pp.52-66). Basingstoke: McMillan Press.
  • Merrill, J. M. (1986). The mythology of foot- ball hooliganism: A closer look at the British experience. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 21(1), 1-19.
  • Messner, M.A. (1992). Power at Play Sports and the Problem of Masculinity. Boston: Beacon Press.
  • Pilz, G.A. (1996). Social factors influencing sport and violence: On the problem of football hooliganism in Germany. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 31(1), 49-59.
  • Roberts, J.V. & Benjamin, C.Y. (2000). Spec- tator violence in sports: A North Ame- rican perspective. Eur J Crim Policy Res, 8, 163-181.
  • Roversi, A. (1991). Footbal violence in Italy. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 26(4),311-331.
  • Roversi, A. & Balestri, C. (2000). Italian ultras today: Change or decline? Eur J Crim Policy Res, 8, 183-189.
  • Spaaij, R., Vinas, C. (2005). Passion, politics and violence: A socio-historical analysis of Spanish ultras. Soccer Soc, 6(1), 79-96.
  • Smith, A.D. (2002). Ulusların Etnik Kökeni Çev. S. Bayramoğlu.& H. Kendir. An- kara: Dost.
  • Smith, A.D. (2004). Milli Kimlik. Çev. B.S. Şe- ner. (3. Baskı). İstanbul: İletişim.
  • Tomlinson, A. (2002). Theorising spectacle beyond Debord. In Sugden J. & Tom- linson A. (Eds) Power Games A Critical Sociology of Sport. (pp. 44- 60). London: Routledge.
  • Vincent, J. (2004). Game, sex and match: The construction of gender in British newspaper of the 2000 coverage Wimbledon Championships. Sociol Sport J, 21, 435-456
  • Ward, R. (2002). Fan violence social problem or moral panic. Aggres Violent Beh, 7, 453-475.
  • Weinstein, M.D., Smith, M.D. & Wiesenthal, D.L. (1995). Masculinity and hockey violence. Sex Roles, 33(11-12), 831- 847.
  • Weiss, O. (2001). Identity reinforcement in sport. Int Rev Sociol Sport J, 36(4), 393-405.
  • Williams, R. (1993). Kültür. Çev. E. Başer. İs- tanbul: İletişim.
  • Young, K. (1991). Sport and collective violence. Exerc Sport Sci Rev, 19, 539-587
  • Young, K. (2002). Standart deviations: An update on North American sports crowd disorder. Sociol Sport J, 19, 237-275.
Toplam 70 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Nefise Bulgu Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2005
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Ocak 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2005 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Bulgu, N. (2005). SPORDA ŞİDDET VE ALT-KÜLTÜR. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(4), 229-250.

9551


SPOR BİLİMLERİ DERGİSİ


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