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Organize Edilmiş Sporlara Katılan Çocuklar Önerilen Adım Sayısını Karşılıyor mu?

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 4, 174 - 184, 13.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.782411

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, organize edilmiş sporlara katılan çocukların, spesifik zaman dilimlerinde (toplam hafta, hafta içi, okul içi, okul dışı, hafta sonu, cumartesi, pazar, spor yapılan günler ve spor yapılmayan günlerde) adım sayılarını incelemek ve adım sayılarının önerilen düzeyde olup olmadığını belirlemektir. Bu çalışmaya gönüllü olarak 41 erkek ve 39 kız (11.97 ± 0,84 yıl) çocuk katılmıştır. Çocukların boy ve vücut ağırlıkları ölçümü yapılmış ve ActiGraph wGT3x-BT marka akselerometreler, elastik kemer aracılığı ile çocukların baskın olan el bileğine giyilerek adım sayıları belirlenmiştir. Bu cihazı katılımcılardan 7 gün boyunca giymeleri istenmiştir. Hem kız hem de erkek çocukların spesifik zaman dilimleri arasındaki farkın incelenmesinde Bağımsız Örneklem T-Testi analizi uygulanmıştır. Çocukların tüm hafta, hafta içi, okul içi, cumartesi, spor yapılan günler ve spor yapılmayan günlerdeki adım sayıları bakımından cinsiyetler arasında anlamlı fark elde edildiği ve erkek çocukların adım sayısının kız çocuklarınkinden daha yüksek olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır (p <0,05). Erkek çocukların okul içi ve okul dışına ait adım sayıları arasında anlamlı fark elde edilmemiştir (p >0,05). Haftalık ortalama adım sayısı bakımından kız çocukların %56.4’ü, erkek çocukların ise %51.2’si önerilen adım sayısını karşılamışlardır. Kız ve erkek çocukların spor yapılan günlerde attıkları adım sayılarının spor yapılmayan günlerden daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (p <0,05). Hem kızların hem de erkeklerin hafta içi günlere ait adım sayıları, hafta sonundan daha fazladır (p <0,05). Erkek çocukların haftalık ortalama, hafta içi, okul içi, cumartesi günü, spor yapılan ve spor yapılmayan günlere ait adım sayılarının kız çocukların adım sayılarından daha yüksek olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır (p <0,05). Kız çocukları için önerilen adım sayısına ulaşma oranının en yüksek olduğu zaman diliminin (%84,6) spor yapılan günlerin olduğu görülmüştür. Hem kız hem de erkek çocukların hafta içi adım sayılarının hafta sonuna kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca kız ve erkek çocukların spor yapılan günlerde attıkları adım sayısının spor yapılmayan günlerden daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur.

Teşekkür

Çalışmamda ölçüm için gerekli olan cihazları kullanmak adına yardımlarını esirgemeyen Doç. Dr. Irmak Hürmeriç ALTUNSÖZ ve Doç.Dr. Hüsrev TURNAGÖL ve çalışma ekibine teşekkürlerimi sunuyorum. Ayrıca Ölçümlerde ve çalışmanın belli aşamalarında yardımlarını esirgemeyen Evrim ÜNVER, Tolga ATALAR, Muhammed Mustafa ATAKAN, Serhat SAĞINÇ, Onur Deniz İŞLER ve eşi Nergiz İŞLER’e teşekkürlerimi borç bilirim.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Adams MA, Johnson WD, Tudor-Locke C. (2013). Steps/day translation of the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity guideline for children and adolescents. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10(1), 49.
  • 2. Alves Junior CA, Mocellin MC, Gonçalves ECA, Silva DA, Trindade EB. (2017). Anthropometric indicators as body fat discriminators in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Advances in nutrition, 8(5), 718-727.
  • 3. Barreira TV, Schuna Jr JM, Mire EF, Broyles ST, Katzmarzyk PT, Johnson WD, et al. (2015). Normative steps/day and peak cadence values for united states children and adolescents: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006. The Journal of Pediatrics, 166(1), 139-143.
  • 4. Beighle A, Morgan CF, Le Masurier G, Pangrazi RP. (2006). Children’s physical activity during recess and outside of school. Journal of School Health, 76(10), 516-520.
  • 5. Brooke HL, Corder K, Atkin AJ, van Sluijs EM. (2014). A systematic literature review with meta-analyses of within-and between-day differences in objectively measured physical activity in school-aged children. Sports Medicine, 44, 1427-1438.
  • 6. Brusseau T, Kulinna P, Tudor-Locke C, Van Der Mars H, Darst P. (2011). Children's step counts on weekend, physical education, and non-physical education days. Journal of Human Kinetics, 27, 123-134.
  • 7. Brusseau TA, Kulinna PH. (2015). An examination of four traditional school physical activity models on children's step counts and MVPA. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 86(1), 88-93.
  • 8. Bulca Y, Bilgin E, Demirhan G. (2020). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin pedometre ile değerlendirilmesi. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 31(1), 1-8.
  • 9. Burns RD, Brusseau TA, Hannon JC. (2015). Prediction of optimal daily step count achievement from segmented school physical activity. Advances in Public Health, 1-6. 10. Carson V, Staiano AE, Katzmarzyk PT. (2015). Physical activity, screen time, and sitting among US adolescents. Pediatric Exercise Science, 27(1), 151-159.
  • 11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2017a). Trends in the Prevalence of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviours National YRBS: 1991-2015. 25.01.2019, https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/pdf/trends/2015 us physical trend yrbs.pdf.
  • 12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2017b). Physical activity, 15.12.2020, https://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/index.html
  • 13. Cohen J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences 2nd edn. In: Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale.
  • 14. Colley RC, Janssen I, Tremblay MS. (2012): Daily step target to measure adherence to physical activity guidelines in children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 44(5): 977–982.
  • 15. Duncan JS, Schofield G, Duncan EK. (2007). Step count recommendations for children based on body fat. Preventive Medicine, 44(1), 42-44.
  • 16. Gauthier AP, Laurence M, Thirkill L, Dorman SC. (2012). Examining school‐based pedometer step counts among children in grades 3 to 6 using different timetables. Journal of School Health, 82(7), 311-317.
  • 17. Guagliano JM, Rosenkranz RR, Kolt GS. (2013). Girls’ physical activity levels during organized sports in Australia. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 45(1), 116-122.
  • 18. Hardman CA, Horne PJ, Rowlands AV. (2009). Children's pedometer-determined physical activity during school-time and leisure-time. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 7(2), 129-134.
  • 19. Hebert JJ, Møller NC, Andersen LB, Wedderkopp N. (2015). Organized sport participation is associated with higher levels of overall health-related physical activity in children (CHAMPS Study-DK). PloS one, 10(8), e0134621.
  • 20. Husu P, Vähä-Ypyä H, Vasankari T. (2016). Objectively measured sedentary behavior and physical activity of Finnish 7-to 14-year-old children–associations with perceived health status: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 16(1), 1-10.
  • 21. Janssen I, LeBlanc AG. (2010). Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7(1), 40.
  • 22. Jáuregui A, Villalpando S, Rangel-Baltazar E, Castro-Hernández J, Lara-Zamudio Y, Méndez-Gómez-Humarán I. (2011). The physical activity level of Mexican children decreases upon entry to elementary school. Salud Publica de Mexico, 53(3), 228-236.
  • 23. Kalman M, Inchley J, Sigmundova D, Iannotti RJ, Tynjälä JA, Hamrik Z, et al. (2015). Secular trends in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in 32 countries from 2002 to 2010: a cross-national perspective. European Journal of Public Health, 25(suppl_2), 37-40.
  • 24. Kristensen PL, Korsholm L, Møller N, Wedderkopp N, Andersen LB, Froberg K. (2008). Sources of variation in habitual physical activity of children and adolescents: The European youth heart study. The Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sport, 18(3), 298-308.
  • 25. Kwon S, Janz KF, Letuchy EM, Burns TL, Levy SM. (2015). Developmental trajectories of physical activity, sports, and television viewing during childhood to young adulthood: Iowa Bone Development Study. JAMA Pediatrics, 169(7), 666-672.
  • 26. Long MW, Sobol AM, Cradock AL, Subramanian S, Blendon RJ, Gortmaker SL. (2013). School-day and overall physical activity among youth. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 45(2), 150-157.
  • 27. Marques A, Ekelund U, Sardinha LB. (2016). Associations between organized sports participation and objectively measured physical activity, sedentary time and weight status in youth. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 19(2), 154-157.
  • 28. Martinez-Gomez D, Ruiz JR, Ortega FB, Veiga OL, Moliner-Urdiales D, Mauro B, et al. (2010). Recommended levels of physical activity to avoid an excess of body fat in European adolescents: the HELENA Study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 39(3), 203-211.
  • 29. Michalopoulou M, Gourgoulis V, Kourtessis T, Kambas A, Dimitrou M, Gretziou H. (2011). Step counts and body mass index among 9-14 years old Greek school children. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 10(1), 215.
  • 30. Ministry of Health (2014). Türkiye Fiziksel Aktivite Rehberi. İkinci basım, Ankara: Sağlık Bakanlığı Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu.
  • 31. Nader PR, Bradley RH, Houts RM, McRitchie SL, O’Brien M. (2008). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from ages 9 to 15 years. JAMA Pediatrics, 300(3), 295-305.
  • 32. Öztürk Erol P, Eniseler N, Işık T, Karaca, A. (2020). The Analysis of step count in 12-and 13-year-old children attending all-day or double-shift school: Tekirdağ province sample. Spor Hekimligi Dergisi, 55(2), 86-94.
  • 33. Pelclová J, Ansari WE, Vašíčková J. (2010). Is participation in after-school physical activity associated with increased total physical activity? A study of high school pupils in the Czech Republic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 7(7), 2853-2865.
  • 34. Ploeg KAV, Wu B, McGavock J, Veugelers PJ. (2012). Physical activity among Canadian children on school days and nonschool days. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 9(8), 1138-1145.
  • 35. Ridgers ND, Stratton G, Fairclough SJ. (2005). Assessing physical activity during recess using accelerometry. Preventive Medicine, 41(1), 102-107.
  • 36. Saygın Ö, Ceylan Hİ. (2017). Ortaokul ve lise öğrencilerinin beden kütle indeksi ile günlük adım sayısının yaşa ve cinsiyete göre karşılaştırılması. International Journal of Sport, Exercise & Training Sciences, 3(4), 142-152.
  • 37. Sherar LB, Esliger DW, Baxter-Jones AD, Tremblay MS. (2007). Age and gender differences in youth physical activity: does physical maturity matter?, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39(5), 830-835.
  • 38. Sigmund E, Sigmundová D, Bad'ura P, Vorácová J. (2015). Relationship between Czech parent and child pedometer-assessed weekday and weekend physical activity and screen time. Central European Journal of Public Health, 23, 83.
  • 39. Silva P, Santos R, Welk G, Mota J. (2011). Seasonal differences in physical activity and sedentary patterns: The relevance of the PA context. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 10(1), 66-72.
  • 40. Silva SSM, Jayawardana MW, Meyer D. (2018). Statistical methods to model and evaluate physical activity programs, using step counts: A systematic review. PloS one, 13(11), 1-19.
  • 41. Spittaels H, Van Cauwenberghe E, Verbestel V, De Meester F, Van Dyck D, Verloigne M, et al. (2012). Objectively measured sedentary time and physical activity time across the lifespan: a cross-sectional study in four age groups. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 9(1), 1-12.
  • 42. Sterdt E, Liersch S, Walter U. (2014). Correlates of physical activity of children and adolescents: A systematic review of reviews. Health Education Research, 73(1), 72-89.
  • 43. Tudor-Locke C, Pangrazi RP, Corbin CB, Rutherford WJ, Vincent SD, Raustorp A, et al. (2004). BMI-referenced standards for recommended pedometer-determined steps/day in children. Preventive Medicine, 38(6), 857-864.
  • 44. Tudor-Locke C, Hatano Y, Pangrazi RP, Kang M. (2008) Revisiting "how many steps are enough?". Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 40(7), 537-543.
  • 45. Tudor-Locke C, McClain JJ, Hart TL, Sisson SB, Washington TL. (2009). Expected values for pedometer-determined physical activity in youth. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 80(2), 164-174.
  • 46. Tudor-Locke C, Craig CL, Beets MW, Belton S, Cardon GM, Duncan S, et al. (2011). How many steps/day are enough? for children and adolescents. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8(1), 78.
  • 47. Vincent SD, Pangrazi RP. (2002). An examination of the activity patterns of elementary school children. Pediatric Exercise Science, 14(4), 432-441.
  • 48. Wang JCK, Liu WC, Koh KT, Lim CBS. (2014). Differences in daily step counts among primary, secondary, and junior college students in Singapore. Journal of Youth Studies, 17(2), 95-103.
  • 49. Wickel EE, Belton S. (2016). School's out… now what? Objective estimates of afterschool sedentary time and physical activity from childhood to adolescence. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 19(8), 654-658.
  • 50. World Health Organisation (WHO). (2017). Global strategy on diet, physical activity and health, physical activity and young people. 24.11.2017, http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet young people/en/.

Do Children Engaged in Organized Sports Meet the Recommended Levels of Step Counts?

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 4, 174 - 184, 13.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.782411

Öz

This study aimed to calculate the step counts of children who regularly participate in organized sports within specific time periods (weekday, weekend, school time, out-of-school, sports days, days without sports) and to determine whether they reach the recommended activity level. Forty-one boys and 39 girls (11.97±.84 yrs. for all participants) participated in this study voluntarily. Step counts were determined by using ActiGraph wGT3x-BT. It was worn on their dominant wrist for seven days. An Independent Samples t-test was used to examine the difference between the genders. A Paired-Samples t-Test was used to compare the step counts of specific periods in both girls and boys. There were significant differences in step counts between boys and girls in terms of the whole week, weekdays, school time, Saturdays, sports days, and non-sports days, and boys reached more step counts than girls (p<0.05). No significant difference was found between school time and out of school time for boys. Weekly average, 56.4% of girls and 51.2% of boys meet the recommended number of steps. The number of steps taken by both girls and boys during the sport days was more than non-sport days (p <0,05). Moreover, girls and boys on weekdays took more the number of steps than on a weekend (p <0,05). In conclusion, boys reached more number of steps than girls in terms of the weekly average, weekdays, school time, Saturday, sports days, and non-sports days. The period in which the rate of reaching the recommended step counts for girls was highest (84.6%) on sports days. Both girls and boys had higher step counts on weekdays than on the weekends. The number of steps for both girls and boys on sports days was more than non-sport days.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Adams MA, Johnson WD, Tudor-Locke C. (2013). Steps/day translation of the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity guideline for children and adolescents. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10(1), 49.
  • 2. Alves Junior CA, Mocellin MC, Gonçalves ECA, Silva DA, Trindade EB. (2017). Anthropometric indicators as body fat discriminators in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Advances in nutrition, 8(5), 718-727.
  • 3. Barreira TV, Schuna Jr JM, Mire EF, Broyles ST, Katzmarzyk PT, Johnson WD, et al. (2015). Normative steps/day and peak cadence values for united states children and adolescents: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006. The Journal of Pediatrics, 166(1), 139-143.
  • 4. Beighle A, Morgan CF, Le Masurier G, Pangrazi RP. (2006). Children’s physical activity during recess and outside of school. Journal of School Health, 76(10), 516-520.
  • 5. Brooke HL, Corder K, Atkin AJ, van Sluijs EM. (2014). A systematic literature review with meta-analyses of within-and between-day differences in objectively measured physical activity in school-aged children. Sports Medicine, 44, 1427-1438.
  • 6. Brusseau T, Kulinna P, Tudor-Locke C, Van Der Mars H, Darst P. (2011). Children's step counts on weekend, physical education, and non-physical education days. Journal of Human Kinetics, 27, 123-134.
  • 7. Brusseau TA, Kulinna PH. (2015). An examination of four traditional school physical activity models on children's step counts and MVPA. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 86(1), 88-93.
  • 8. Bulca Y, Bilgin E, Demirhan G. (2020). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin pedometre ile değerlendirilmesi. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 31(1), 1-8.
  • 9. Burns RD, Brusseau TA, Hannon JC. (2015). Prediction of optimal daily step count achievement from segmented school physical activity. Advances in Public Health, 1-6. 10. Carson V, Staiano AE, Katzmarzyk PT. (2015). Physical activity, screen time, and sitting among US adolescents. Pediatric Exercise Science, 27(1), 151-159.
  • 11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2017a). Trends in the Prevalence of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviours National YRBS: 1991-2015. 25.01.2019, https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/pdf/trends/2015 us physical trend yrbs.pdf.
  • 12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2017b). Physical activity, 15.12.2020, https://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/index.html
  • 13. Cohen J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences 2nd edn. In: Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale.
  • 14. Colley RC, Janssen I, Tremblay MS. (2012): Daily step target to measure adherence to physical activity guidelines in children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 44(5): 977–982.
  • 15. Duncan JS, Schofield G, Duncan EK. (2007). Step count recommendations for children based on body fat. Preventive Medicine, 44(1), 42-44.
  • 16. Gauthier AP, Laurence M, Thirkill L, Dorman SC. (2012). Examining school‐based pedometer step counts among children in grades 3 to 6 using different timetables. Journal of School Health, 82(7), 311-317.
  • 17. Guagliano JM, Rosenkranz RR, Kolt GS. (2013). Girls’ physical activity levels during organized sports in Australia. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 45(1), 116-122.
  • 18. Hardman CA, Horne PJ, Rowlands AV. (2009). Children's pedometer-determined physical activity during school-time and leisure-time. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 7(2), 129-134.
  • 19. Hebert JJ, Møller NC, Andersen LB, Wedderkopp N. (2015). Organized sport participation is associated with higher levels of overall health-related physical activity in children (CHAMPS Study-DK). PloS one, 10(8), e0134621.
  • 20. Husu P, Vähä-Ypyä H, Vasankari T. (2016). Objectively measured sedentary behavior and physical activity of Finnish 7-to 14-year-old children–associations with perceived health status: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 16(1), 1-10.
  • 21. Janssen I, LeBlanc AG. (2010). Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7(1), 40.
  • 22. Jáuregui A, Villalpando S, Rangel-Baltazar E, Castro-Hernández J, Lara-Zamudio Y, Méndez-Gómez-Humarán I. (2011). The physical activity level of Mexican children decreases upon entry to elementary school. Salud Publica de Mexico, 53(3), 228-236.
  • 23. Kalman M, Inchley J, Sigmundova D, Iannotti RJ, Tynjälä JA, Hamrik Z, et al. (2015). Secular trends in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in 32 countries from 2002 to 2010: a cross-national perspective. European Journal of Public Health, 25(suppl_2), 37-40.
  • 24. Kristensen PL, Korsholm L, Møller N, Wedderkopp N, Andersen LB, Froberg K. (2008). Sources of variation in habitual physical activity of children and adolescents: The European youth heart study. The Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sport, 18(3), 298-308.
  • 25. Kwon S, Janz KF, Letuchy EM, Burns TL, Levy SM. (2015). Developmental trajectories of physical activity, sports, and television viewing during childhood to young adulthood: Iowa Bone Development Study. JAMA Pediatrics, 169(7), 666-672.
  • 26. Long MW, Sobol AM, Cradock AL, Subramanian S, Blendon RJ, Gortmaker SL. (2013). School-day and overall physical activity among youth. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 45(2), 150-157.
  • 27. Marques A, Ekelund U, Sardinha LB. (2016). Associations between organized sports participation and objectively measured physical activity, sedentary time and weight status in youth. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 19(2), 154-157.
  • 28. Martinez-Gomez D, Ruiz JR, Ortega FB, Veiga OL, Moliner-Urdiales D, Mauro B, et al. (2010). Recommended levels of physical activity to avoid an excess of body fat in European adolescents: the HELENA Study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 39(3), 203-211.
  • 29. Michalopoulou M, Gourgoulis V, Kourtessis T, Kambas A, Dimitrou M, Gretziou H. (2011). Step counts and body mass index among 9-14 years old Greek school children. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 10(1), 215.
  • 30. Ministry of Health (2014). Türkiye Fiziksel Aktivite Rehberi. İkinci basım, Ankara: Sağlık Bakanlığı Türkiye Halk Sağlığı Kurumu.
  • 31. Nader PR, Bradley RH, Houts RM, McRitchie SL, O’Brien M. (2008). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from ages 9 to 15 years. JAMA Pediatrics, 300(3), 295-305.
  • 32. Öztürk Erol P, Eniseler N, Işık T, Karaca, A. (2020). The Analysis of step count in 12-and 13-year-old children attending all-day or double-shift school: Tekirdağ province sample. Spor Hekimligi Dergisi, 55(2), 86-94.
  • 33. Pelclová J, Ansari WE, Vašíčková J. (2010). Is participation in after-school physical activity associated with increased total physical activity? A study of high school pupils in the Czech Republic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 7(7), 2853-2865.
  • 34. Ploeg KAV, Wu B, McGavock J, Veugelers PJ. (2012). Physical activity among Canadian children on school days and nonschool days. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 9(8), 1138-1145.
  • 35. Ridgers ND, Stratton G, Fairclough SJ. (2005). Assessing physical activity during recess using accelerometry. Preventive Medicine, 41(1), 102-107.
  • 36. Saygın Ö, Ceylan Hİ. (2017). Ortaokul ve lise öğrencilerinin beden kütle indeksi ile günlük adım sayısının yaşa ve cinsiyete göre karşılaştırılması. International Journal of Sport, Exercise & Training Sciences, 3(4), 142-152.
  • 37. Sherar LB, Esliger DW, Baxter-Jones AD, Tremblay MS. (2007). Age and gender differences in youth physical activity: does physical maturity matter?, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39(5), 830-835.
  • 38. Sigmund E, Sigmundová D, Bad'ura P, Vorácová J. (2015). Relationship between Czech parent and child pedometer-assessed weekday and weekend physical activity and screen time. Central European Journal of Public Health, 23, 83.
  • 39. Silva P, Santos R, Welk G, Mota J. (2011). Seasonal differences in physical activity and sedentary patterns: The relevance of the PA context. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 10(1), 66-72.
  • 40. Silva SSM, Jayawardana MW, Meyer D. (2018). Statistical methods to model and evaluate physical activity programs, using step counts: A systematic review. PloS one, 13(11), 1-19.
  • 41. Spittaels H, Van Cauwenberghe E, Verbestel V, De Meester F, Van Dyck D, Verloigne M, et al. (2012). Objectively measured sedentary time and physical activity time across the lifespan: a cross-sectional study in four age groups. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 9(1), 1-12.
  • 42. Sterdt E, Liersch S, Walter U. (2014). Correlates of physical activity of children and adolescents: A systematic review of reviews. Health Education Research, 73(1), 72-89.
  • 43. Tudor-Locke C, Pangrazi RP, Corbin CB, Rutherford WJ, Vincent SD, Raustorp A, et al. (2004). BMI-referenced standards for recommended pedometer-determined steps/day in children. Preventive Medicine, 38(6), 857-864.
  • 44. Tudor-Locke C, Hatano Y, Pangrazi RP, Kang M. (2008) Revisiting "how many steps are enough?". Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 40(7), 537-543.
  • 45. Tudor-Locke C, McClain JJ, Hart TL, Sisson SB, Washington TL. (2009). Expected values for pedometer-determined physical activity in youth. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 80(2), 164-174.
  • 46. Tudor-Locke C, Craig CL, Beets MW, Belton S, Cardon GM, Duncan S, et al. (2011). How many steps/day are enough? for children and adolescents. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8(1), 78.
  • 47. Vincent SD, Pangrazi RP. (2002). An examination of the activity patterns of elementary school children. Pediatric Exercise Science, 14(4), 432-441.
  • 48. Wang JCK, Liu WC, Koh KT, Lim CBS. (2014). Differences in daily step counts among primary, secondary, and junior college students in Singapore. Journal of Youth Studies, 17(2), 95-103.
  • 49. Wickel EE, Belton S. (2016). School's out… now what? Objective estimates of afterschool sedentary time and physical activity from childhood to adolescence. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 19(8), 654-658.
  • 50. World Health Organisation (WHO). (2017). Global strategy on diet, physical activity and health, physical activity and young people. 24.11.2017, http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet young people/en/.
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Necip Demirci 0000-0003-0147-8332

Ayda Karaca 0000-0002-3189-2385

Ş. Alpan Cinemre 0000-0003-4955-2394

Evrim Ünver 0000-0002-2127-9640

Yayımlanma Tarihi 13 Ocak 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Ağustos 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 31 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Demirci, N., Karaca, A., Cinemre, Ş. A., Ünver, E. (2021). Do Children Engaged in Organized Sports Meet the Recommended Levels of Step Counts?. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 31(4), 174-184. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.782411

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Yayın hakkı © Hacettepe Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi