Intestinal Microbiota And The Effect Of Probiotics On Microbiota In Gastrointestinal System Diseases

Yıl 2023, , 29 - 41, 31.08.2023

Kardelen Yılmaz , Kevser Karlı

https://doi.org/10.59778/sbfdergisi.1314182

Öz

Microbiota is the system that includes microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. These microorganisms in the intestinal microbiota have undertaken various tasks, such as the breakdown of short-chain fatty acids, the synthesis of vitamins, the modulation of biliary acid metabolism, the regulation of the immune system, and the production of antimicrobial factors. The intestinal microbiota is balanced regarding the number and diversity of microorganisms in healthy individuals. However, it has been reported that individuals with gastrointestinal system (GIS) disease have a different microbiota than healthy individuals, and the number and diversity of microorganisms vary. Probiotics are thought to play an active role in treating and managing these diseases, reducing symptoms, maintaining microbiota balance, and preventing dysbiosis. Clinicians have frequently recommended the use of various probiotic strains in recent years. However, researchers think probiotics are effective in GIS diseases, but personalized treatment strategies should be developed. In addition, according to the research results, the researchers' general opinion is that further research should be done on the doses and durations of the specific probiotic species to be used for the disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gut Microbiota, Gastrointestinal System Diseases, Probiotic

Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası ve Gastrointestinal Sistem Hastalıklarında Probiyotiklerin Mikrobiyotaya Etkisi

Öz

Mikrobiyota başta bakteriler olmak üzere, virüs, mantar, protozoa gibi mikroorganizmaları içeren sistemdir. Bağırsak mikrobiyotasındaki bu mikroorganizmalar kısa zincirli yağ asitlerinin yıkılması, vitaminlerin sentezi, biliyer asit metabolizmasının modülasyonu, immün sistemin düzenlenmesi, antimikrobiyal faktörlerin üretiminin sağlanması gibi çeşitli görevler üstlenmiştir. Sağlıklı bireylerde bağırsak mikrobiyotası mikroorganizmaların sayısı ve çeşitliliği açısından dengelidir. Ancak gastrointestinal sistem (GİS) hastalığı olan bireylerin sağlıklı bireylerden farklı bir mikrobiyotaya sahip olduğu, mikroorganizmaların sayı ve çeşitliliğinin farklılık gösterdiği bildirilmektedir. Probiyotiklerin bu hastalıkların tedavisinde ve yönetilmesinde, semptomların azaltılmasında, mikrobiyota dengesinin korunmasında ve disbiyozun önlenmesinde aktif rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Klinisyenler son yıllarda sıklıkla çeşitli probiyotik suşlarının kullanımını önermektedir. Ancak araştırmacılar GİS hastalıklarında probiyotiklerin etkili olduğunu fakat kişiselleştirilmiş tedavi statejilerinin geliştirilmesi gerektiğini düşünmektedir. Ayrıca yapılan araştırma sonuçlarına göre araştırmacıların genel kanısı hastalığa özgü olarak kullanılacak spesifik probiyotik türlerinin doz ve süreleri için ileri araştırmalar yapılması gerektiği şeklindedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası, Gastrointestinal Sistem Hastalıkları, Probiyotik

Kaynakça

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