Klinik Araştırma
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Adölesan Annelerin Sosyo-Demografik, Gebelik ve Doğum Özellikleri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 3, 130 - 147, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.59778/sbfdergisi.1335450

Öz

Giriş: Adölesan dönem, çocukluktan erişkinliğe geçiş dönemi olarak kabul edilir. Bu dönemde başlayan cinsellikle beraber çeşitli nedenlerden dolayı erken yaşta gebeliklere rastlanmaktadır. Erken yaşta çocuk sahibi olmak hem anne, hem de bebek için yüksek risk taşımaktadır.
Amaç: Bu araştırma Bartın İlinde yaşayan doğum yapmış adölesan annelerin sosyo-demografik, gebelik ve doğum özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı olarak yürütülmüştür. Bartın ili genelinde, 2008 yılı Ağustos –Aralık ayları arasında doğum yapan 89 adölesan kadın evreni oluşturmuştur. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından literatür doğrultusunda oluşturulan anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde SPSS 15.0 paket programı kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede ortalama ve yüzde kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 18,3 ±0.73 yıl olan adölesan annelerin %83 ünün ileri yaş adölesan, %15 inin ilkokul ve altı öğrenim düzeyine sahip olduğu, % 98 inin ev hanımı ve aile işlerinde ücretsiz olarak çalıştığı, %14 ünün herhangi bir sosyal güvencesi olmadığı saptanmıştır. Annelerin evlilik öncesi %54 ü çekirdek ailede yaşıyorken, evlilik sonrası %78 i geniş ailede yaşamaktadır. Adölesan annelerin %52 sinin kaçarak evlendiği ve %87 sinin yakınlarının da adölesan evlilik yaptığı görülmüştür. Adölesan annelerin çoğunluğunun evlenmeden önce aile planlaması yöntemleri hakkında hiç bilgi almadığı ve gebelik öncesi aile planlaması yöntemi kullanmamış olduğu saptanmıştır. Adölesan annelerin %65 inin gebeliklerinde sağlık sorunu yaşadığı, doğan bebeklerin %21 inde doğumdan sonraki dönemde sağlık problemi olduğu ve bebeklerin %16 sının prematür, %8.9 unun düşük doğum ağırlıklı olduğu görülmüştür.
Sonuç: Anne ve çocuk sağlığı açısından önemli bir risk grubunu oluşturan adölesan gebelikleri önlemek için adölesan kadınların aile planlaması bilgisi ve danışmanlığı almaları gerekmektedir. Birinci basamak çalışmalarında adölesanlara yönelik uygun üreme sağlığı hizmeti planlamasının yapılmasıyla anne ve bebek sağlığına yönelik risklerin azaltılacağı düşünülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Alptekin, M.Y. (2022). Socıal Economıc and Demographıc Analysıs of Marrıage Byascapıng, Kıdnappıng and Dıspersıng in Trabzon. Internatıonal Scıentıfıc Research Congress Dedıcated to the 30th Annıversary of Baku Eurasıa Unıversıty. Book of Full Text. April 27-28, 2022
  • Arslan, H., Banı, B., Güneş, K., Eryurt, M.A. (2020). High-Risk Pregnancies In Turkey: The Findings Of 2018 TDHS. Turkish Journal of Population Studies. 42: 64-91
  • Barut, M.U. (2018). Evaluation of Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of Adolescent Pregnants. Dicle Med J, 45 (3) : 283-290
  • Baş, E.K., Bülbü,l A., Uslu, S., Baş, V., Elitok, G.K., Zubarioğlu, U. (2020). Maternal Characteristics and Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomes of Singleton Pregnancies Among Adolescents. Med Sci Monit. 2020 Feb 22;26:e919922. doi: 10.12659/MSM.919922. PMID: 32087083; PMCID: PMC7055197.
  • Başer, M. (2000). Adolescent Sexuality and Pregnancy. C.U. Journal of the School of Nursing, 4(1): 50-54
  • Boran, P., Gökçay, G., Devecioğlu, E. & Eren, T. (2013). Child Brides. Marmara Medical Journal, 26:58-62. DOI:10.5472/MMJ.2013. 02751.1
  • Çakır, S.Ç, Çelik, S., Yazıcıoğlu, B., Soyer Çalışkan, C. (2021). Early Neonatal Outcomes of Adolescent Pregnancies. Ankara Med J, 21(4): 515-525. 10.5505/amj.2021.39019
  • Çelebi, M. and Piyal B. (2022). Early and forced marriages at a young age. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 16(3): 632-638.
  • Demirgöz, M. and Canbulat, N. (2008). Adolescent pregnancy. Turkiye Clinics J Med Sci, 28(6):947-52
  • Doğa Seçkin, K., Yücel, B., Karslı, M., Özdemir, Ç., Toğrul, C., Çelik, E., Küçüközkan, T., Yıldırım, G. (2016). Demographic Characteristics and Maternal-Fetal Outcomes of Adolescent Births: A Case-Control Study Performed at a Reference Hospital in Istanbul. Journal of Okmeydanı Medicine, 32(1), 14 - 18.
  • Ergöçmen, A.B., Keskin, F., Kaptanoğlu, İ. (2020). Child, Early and Forced Marriages in Turkey, 1993-2018 Data Analysis of Türkiye Demographic and Health Surveys. In: Vol December. Nuans Bookstore, p.13-17.
  • Ganchimeg, T., Ota, E., Morisaki, N., Laopaiboon, M., Lumbiganon, P., Zhang, J., Yamdamsuren, B., Temmerma,n M., Say, L., Tunçalp, Ö., Vogel, J.P., Souza, J.P., Mori, R. (2014). WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal Newborn Health Research Network. Pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among adolescent mothers: a World Health Organization multicountry study. BJOG, Mar;121 Suppl 1:40-8. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.12630. PMID: 24641534.
  • Gökçe, B., Özşahin, A., Zencir, M. (2007). Determinants of adolescent pregnancy in an urban area in Turkey: a population-based case-control study. J Biosoc Sci 2007;39:301-11.
  • Gör Uslu, F., Çoban, A. (2020). Socıodemographıc Specıalıtıes Of The Adolescent Mothers And The Evaluatıon Of Chıldbırth Outcomes. / J Midwifery and Health Sci, 3(1):30-38.
  • Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Turkey Demographic and Health Survey, 2003. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Maternal Child Health and Family Planning, State Planning Organization and European Union, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Hacettepe University Population Studies Institute. Turkey Population and Health Survey, 2008. Hacettepe University Population Studies Institute, Ministry of Health General Directorate of Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning, Prime Ministry Undersecretariat of State Planning Organization and TUBITAK, Ankara, Turkey Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Türkiye Demographic and Health Survey, 2018. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, T.C. Presidency of Strategy and Budget Department and TUBITAK, Ankara, Turkey.
  • İmir G, Çetin M, Balta Ö, Büyükayhan D, Çetın A (2008). Perinatal outcomes of adolescent pregnancies at a university hospital in Turkey. Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association, 9(2), 71 - 74.
  • Karakaya, E. (2004). Reproduction health and social-economic-cultural characteristics in adolescent married women. Marmara University Institute of Health Sciences Master Thesis, Istanbul
  • Kırbaş, A., Gülerman, H.C., Yüksel. N. (2011). Evaluation of Adolescent Pregnancy Outcomes. Turkish Journal of Gynecology-Obstetrics and Neonatology 2011;8:1271-1273
  • Köseoğlu Aydenk, Z.S. & Çeleci Tayfur, A. (2017). Adolescent Nutrition and Its Problems. JCP; 15(2):50-62
  • Kut, A., Salgül, F., Çaycı, Ö. & Türkcan, C. (2016). Adolescent Pregnancies and Follow-up in Primary Health Care. Journal of Smyrna Medical, (1): 54-62.
  • Maheshwari, M.V., Khalid, N., Patel, P.D., Alghareeb, R., Hussain, A. (2022). Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of Adolescent Pregnancy: A Narrative Review. Cureus, Jun 14;14(6):e25921. doi: 10.7759/cureus.25921. PMID: 35844352; PMCID: PMC9282583.
  • Malabarey, O.T., Balayla, J., Klam, S.L., Shrim, A., Abenhaim, H.A. (2012). Pregnancies in young adolescent mothers: Population-based study on 37 million births. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, 25(2):98-102
  • Özcebe, H. (2002). Approach to Adolescent Problems in Primary Care. Sted, cilt 11. sayı:10, syf:374-377
  • Rexhepi, M., Besimi, F., Rufati, N., Alili, A., Bajrami, S., Ismaili, H. (2019). Hospital-Based Study of Maternal, Perinatal and Neonatal Outcomes in Adolescent Pregnancy Compared to Adult Women Pregnancy. Open Access Maced J Med Sci, 14;7(5):760-766. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.210. PMID: 30962834; PMCID: PMC6447330.
  • Şirin, F. (2016). Maternal and Perınatal Outcomes In Adolescent Women. (Danışman: Filiz Okumuş) İstanbul Medipol University Institute of Health Sciences Master Thesis, Istanbul
  • Şolt, A. & Yazıcı, S. (2015). Adolescent Pregnancies. HSP, 2(2):241-248. doi: 10.17681/hsp.36633
  • Tezcan, M. (2003). Anthropological Solution of Abduction Traditions in Turkish Culture, Prime Ministry Family Research Institution, Family and Society, issue 6, Ankara.
  • Topuzoğlu, A. & Çalı, Ş. (2002). Evaluation of the Effects of Socioeconomic Factors on Contraception Behavior. VIII. National Public Health Congress Book. Diyarbakır, p:573-575
  • Turkey Statistical Institute (2021). Turkey Family Structure Survey. [ Date of access: 01.11.2023]; https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Turkiye-Aile-Yapisi-Arastirmasi-2021-45813
  • Yıldırım, Y., Inal, M.M., Tinar, S. (2005). Reproductive and obstetric characteristics of adolescent pregnancies in Turkish women. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, 18(4):249-53. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2005.05.003. PMID: 16171728.
  • Yücel, C. (2003). A Contemporary Educational Problem: Adolescent Pregnancy. Journal of Social Sciences. Volume V/ Issue: 2, p:81-88
  • WHO. (2023) Adolescent Pregnancy. [ Date of access: 14.06.2023]; https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-pregnancy.

Socio-Demographic, Pregnancy and Birth Characteristics of Adolescent Mothers

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 3, 130 - 147, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.59778/sbfdergisi.1335450

Öz

Introduction: Adolescence is considered the transition period from childhood to adulthood. Pregnancy at an early age is encountered for various reasons, along with the sexuality that begins in this period. Having a child at an early age carries a high risk for both mother and baby.
Objective: This study was conducted to determine adolescent mothers' socio-demographic, pregnancy, and birth characteristics in Bartın province.
Method: The study was conducted as cross-sectional and descriptive. 89 adolescent women who gave birth between August and December 2008 in Bartın province constituted the population. Data were collected through a survey created by the researchers in line with the literature. SPSS 15.0 package program was used to evaluate the data. Mean and percentage were used in statistical evaluation.
Results: It was determined that 83% of the adolescent mothers, whose average age was 18, 3 ±0.73 years, were older adolescents, 15% had primary school education or lower, 98% were housewives and worked unpaid in family businesses, and 14% did not have any social security. While 54% of the mothers live in the nuclear family before marriage, 78% live in the extended family after marriage. It was observed that 52% of the adolescent mothers got married by escaping, and 87% had adolescent marriages. It was determined that most adolescent mothers did not receive any information about family planning methods before marriage and did not use pre-pregnancy family planning methods. It was observed that 65% of the adolescent mothers had health problems during their pregnancies, 21% of the babies born had health problems postpartum, 16% of the babies were prematüre, and 8.9% had low birth weight.
Conclusion: Adolescent mothers should receive family planning information and counseling to prevent adolescent pregnancies, an essential maternal and child health risk group. In primary care studies, it is thought that the risks to maternal and infant health will be reduced by planning appropriate reproductive health services for adolescents.

Kaynakça

  • Alptekin, M.Y. (2022). Socıal Economıc and Demographıc Analysıs of Marrıage Byascapıng, Kıdnappıng and Dıspersıng in Trabzon. Internatıonal Scıentıfıc Research Congress Dedıcated to the 30th Annıversary of Baku Eurasıa Unıversıty. Book of Full Text. April 27-28, 2022
  • Arslan, H., Banı, B., Güneş, K., Eryurt, M.A. (2020). High-Risk Pregnancies In Turkey: The Findings Of 2018 TDHS. Turkish Journal of Population Studies. 42: 64-91
  • Barut, M.U. (2018). Evaluation of Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of Adolescent Pregnants. Dicle Med J, 45 (3) : 283-290
  • Baş, E.K., Bülbü,l A., Uslu, S., Baş, V., Elitok, G.K., Zubarioğlu, U. (2020). Maternal Characteristics and Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomes of Singleton Pregnancies Among Adolescents. Med Sci Monit. 2020 Feb 22;26:e919922. doi: 10.12659/MSM.919922. PMID: 32087083; PMCID: PMC7055197.
  • Başer, M. (2000). Adolescent Sexuality and Pregnancy. C.U. Journal of the School of Nursing, 4(1): 50-54
  • Boran, P., Gökçay, G., Devecioğlu, E. & Eren, T. (2013). Child Brides. Marmara Medical Journal, 26:58-62. DOI:10.5472/MMJ.2013. 02751.1
  • Çakır, S.Ç, Çelik, S., Yazıcıoğlu, B., Soyer Çalışkan, C. (2021). Early Neonatal Outcomes of Adolescent Pregnancies. Ankara Med J, 21(4): 515-525. 10.5505/amj.2021.39019
  • Çelebi, M. and Piyal B. (2022). Early and forced marriages at a young age. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 16(3): 632-638.
  • Demirgöz, M. and Canbulat, N. (2008). Adolescent pregnancy. Turkiye Clinics J Med Sci, 28(6):947-52
  • Doğa Seçkin, K., Yücel, B., Karslı, M., Özdemir, Ç., Toğrul, C., Çelik, E., Küçüközkan, T., Yıldırım, G. (2016). Demographic Characteristics and Maternal-Fetal Outcomes of Adolescent Births: A Case-Control Study Performed at a Reference Hospital in Istanbul. Journal of Okmeydanı Medicine, 32(1), 14 - 18.
  • Ergöçmen, A.B., Keskin, F., Kaptanoğlu, İ. (2020). Child, Early and Forced Marriages in Turkey, 1993-2018 Data Analysis of Türkiye Demographic and Health Surveys. In: Vol December. Nuans Bookstore, p.13-17.
  • Ganchimeg, T., Ota, E., Morisaki, N., Laopaiboon, M., Lumbiganon, P., Zhang, J., Yamdamsuren, B., Temmerma,n M., Say, L., Tunçalp, Ö., Vogel, J.P., Souza, J.P., Mori, R. (2014). WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal Newborn Health Research Network. Pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among adolescent mothers: a World Health Organization multicountry study. BJOG, Mar;121 Suppl 1:40-8. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.12630. PMID: 24641534.
  • Gökçe, B., Özşahin, A., Zencir, M. (2007). Determinants of adolescent pregnancy in an urban area in Turkey: a population-based case-control study. J Biosoc Sci 2007;39:301-11.
  • Gör Uslu, F., Çoban, A. (2020). Socıodemographıc Specıalıtıes Of The Adolescent Mothers And The Evaluatıon Of Chıldbırth Outcomes. / J Midwifery and Health Sci, 3(1):30-38.
  • Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Turkey Demographic and Health Survey, 2003. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Maternal Child Health and Family Planning, State Planning Organization and European Union, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Hacettepe University Population Studies Institute. Turkey Population and Health Survey, 2008. Hacettepe University Population Studies Institute, Ministry of Health General Directorate of Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning, Prime Ministry Undersecretariat of State Planning Organization and TUBITAK, Ankara, Turkey Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Türkiye Demographic and Health Survey, 2018. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, T.C. Presidency of Strategy and Budget Department and TUBITAK, Ankara, Turkey.
  • İmir G, Çetin M, Balta Ö, Büyükayhan D, Çetın A (2008). Perinatal outcomes of adolescent pregnancies at a university hospital in Turkey. Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association, 9(2), 71 - 74.
  • Karakaya, E. (2004). Reproduction health and social-economic-cultural characteristics in adolescent married women. Marmara University Institute of Health Sciences Master Thesis, Istanbul
  • Kırbaş, A., Gülerman, H.C., Yüksel. N. (2011). Evaluation of Adolescent Pregnancy Outcomes. Turkish Journal of Gynecology-Obstetrics and Neonatology 2011;8:1271-1273
  • Köseoğlu Aydenk, Z.S. & Çeleci Tayfur, A. (2017). Adolescent Nutrition and Its Problems. JCP; 15(2):50-62
  • Kut, A., Salgül, F., Çaycı, Ö. & Türkcan, C. (2016). Adolescent Pregnancies and Follow-up in Primary Health Care. Journal of Smyrna Medical, (1): 54-62.
  • Maheshwari, M.V., Khalid, N., Patel, P.D., Alghareeb, R., Hussain, A. (2022). Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of Adolescent Pregnancy: A Narrative Review. Cureus, Jun 14;14(6):e25921. doi: 10.7759/cureus.25921. PMID: 35844352; PMCID: PMC9282583.
  • Malabarey, O.T., Balayla, J., Klam, S.L., Shrim, A., Abenhaim, H.A. (2012). Pregnancies in young adolescent mothers: Population-based study on 37 million births. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, 25(2):98-102
  • Özcebe, H. (2002). Approach to Adolescent Problems in Primary Care. Sted, cilt 11. sayı:10, syf:374-377
  • Rexhepi, M., Besimi, F., Rufati, N., Alili, A., Bajrami, S., Ismaili, H. (2019). Hospital-Based Study of Maternal, Perinatal and Neonatal Outcomes in Adolescent Pregnancy Compared to Adult Women Pregnancy. Open Access Maced J Med Sci, 14;7(5):760-766. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.210. PMID: 30962834; PMCID: PMC6447330.
  • Şirin, F. (2016). Maternal and Perınatal Outcomes In Adolescent Women. (Danışman: Filiz Okumuş) İstanbul Medipol University Institute of Health Sciences Master Thesis, Istanbul
  • Şolt, A. & Yazıcı, S. (2015). Adolescent Pregnancies. HSP, 2(2):241-248. doi: 10.17681/hsp.36633
  • Tezcan, M. (2003). Anthropological Solution of Abduction Traditions in Turkish Culture, Prime Ministry Family Research Institution, Family and Society, issue 6, Ankara.
  • Topuzoğlu, A. & Çalı, Ş. (2002). Evaluation of the Effects of Socioeconomic Factors on Contraception Behavior. VIII. National Public Health Congress Book. Diyarbakır, p:573-575
  • Turkey Statistical Institute (2021). Turkey Family Structure Survey. [ Date of access: 01.11.2023]; https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Turkiye-Aile-Yapisi-Arastirmasi-2021-45813
  • Yıldırım, Y., Inal, M.M., Tinar, S. (2005). Reproductive and obstetric characteristics of adolescent pregnancies in Turkish women. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, 18(4):249-53. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2005.05.003. PMID: 16171728.
  • Yücel, C. (2003). A Contemporary Educational Problem: Adolescent Pregnancy. Journal of Social Sciences. Volume V/ Issue: 2, p:81-88
  • WHO. (2023) Adolescent Pregnancy. [ Date of access: 14.06.2023]; https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-pregnancy.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Doğum ve Kadın Hastalıkları Hemşireliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Nihal Aydın 0000-0002-6205-4966

Nimet Sevgi Gençalp 0009-0004-0647-1521

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Aydın, N., & Gençalp, N. S. (2023). Socio-Demographic, Pregnancy and Birth Characteristics of Adolescent Mothers. Kastamonu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(3), 130-147. https://doi.org/10.59778/sbfdergisi.1335450

Kastamonu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, tıp, sosyal ve sağlık bilimleri ile ilgili multidisipliner alanlarda klinik ve deneysel özgün makaleler, derlemeler, olgu sunumları, video kayıtları, görüntü tasarımları ve çalışmaları içermektedir. Derginin amacı, tıp, sağlık bilimleri ve sağlığı ilgilendiren sosyal alanlarla ilgili makaleler yayınlamanın yanı sıra multidisipliner makalelerin yanı sıra video kaydı/sağlıkla ilgili sanatsal tasarımlar gibi farklı yayınlara ortam sağlamaktır. Sağlıkla ilgili çalışmalar yayınlanabilir. Dergi, yayınladığı makalelerde ilgili etik kurallara ve bilimsel standartlara uymayı, ticari kaygı taşımamayı amaçlar. Dergi, yayınlanmayı bekleyen makale sayısı ne olursa olsun, gönderilen makalelerin süreçlerini en kısa sürede tamamlamayı hedeflemektedir.