The Relationship between Illness of Acceptance and Health Literacy with Type 2 Diabetes

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 237 - 242

Hanife Efsane Demiröz , Tuğçe Türten Kaymaz

https://doi.org/10.48071/sbuhemsirelik.1454790

Öz

Introduction: To adopt healthy lifestyles for managing chronic diseases and ensure self-management and control of illness, individuals must accept their illness and have good health literacy knowledge.
Aim: The study aimed to investigate the correlation between health literacy and illness acceptance in patients with Type 2 diabetes.
Method: The study was carried out as a cross-sectional study in Türkiye between December 2019 and April 2020. The sample consisted of 406 participants diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes admitted to a public hospital. Data was collected with the Information Form, the Acceptance of Illness Scale, and the European Health Literacy Survey. Descriptive statistical methods, regression, and correlation tests were employed for analysis. Results: Participants had a mean the Acceptance of Illness Scale score of 26.21 ± 7.11. The participants had a mean the European Health Literacy Survey score of 92.25 ± 15.76. Health literacy, age, gender, people living together, smoking status, hospitalization, knowing about chronic complications, the presence of other chronic illnesses, foot care, and blood glucose monitoring were predictors of the acceptance of illness. A positive correlation was observed between the Acceptance of Illness Scale and the European Health Literacy Survey (r = 0.46; p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Participants demonstrated high levels of both Health literacy and illness acceptance. The level of illness acceptance increased with the level of Health literacy. It is necessary to develop educational content and materials tailored to the needs and Health literacy levels of the patients to enhance their health literacy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Acceptance, Health literacy, nursing, self management, type 2 diabetes

Tip 2 Diyabetli Hastalarda Hastalık Kabulü ve Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Arasındaki İlişki

Öz

Giriş: Kronik hastalıkların yönetiminde sağlıklı yaşam tarzlarını benimsemek, hastalığın öz yönetimini ve kontrolünü sağlamak için bireylerin hastalığı kabul etmesi ve iyi bir sağlık okuryazarlığı bilgisine sahip olmaları gerekmektedir.
Amaç: Çalışma, Tip 2 diyabet hastalarında sağlık okuryazarlığı ile hastalık kabulü arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Yöntem: Çalışma Türkiye'de Aralık 2019 ile Nisan 2020 tarihleri arasında kesitsel bir araştırma olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklem, bir kamu hastanesine başvuran 406 Tip 2 diyabet tanısı konmuş katılımcıdan oluşmaktadır. Veriler Bilgi Formu, Hastalığı Kabul Ölçeği ve Avrupa Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği ile toplandı. Analiz için tanımlayıcı istatistikler, regresyon ve korelasyon testleri kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların Hastalığı Kabul Ölçeği puanı ortalaması 26,21 ± 7,11 idi. Avrupa Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği puanı ortalaması 92,25 ± 15,76 idi. Sağlık okuryazarlığı, yaş, cinsiyet, birlikte yaşanan kişiler, sigara içme durumu, hastaneye yatış, kronik komplikasyonları bilme, diğer kronik hastalıkların varlığı, ayak bakımı ve kan şekeri takibi, hastalık kabulünün belirleyicileri olarak bulunmuştur. Hastalığı Kabul Ölçeği ile Avrupa Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Anketi arasında pozitif bir korelasyon gözlenmiştir (r = 0.46; p < 0.001).
Sonuç: Katılımcılar yüksek düzeyde sağlık okuryazarlığı ve hastalık kabulü gösterdiler. Sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyi arttıkça hastalık kabulü düzeyi de artmıştır. Hastaların sağlık okuryazarlığını artırmak için ihtiyaçlarına ve sağlık okuryazarlık seviyelerine uygun eğitim içerikleri ve materyallerinin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

hemşirelik, kabul, öz yönetim, sağlık okuryazarlığı, tip 2 diyabet

Kaynakça

• Aras, Z., & Bayık Temel, A. (2017). Evaluation of validity and reliability of the Turkish version of health literacy scale. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 25(2), 85-94. doi: 10.17672/fnhd.94626
• Besen, D. B., & Esen, A. (2011). The adaptation of the acceptance of illness scale to the diabetic patients in Turkish society. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 10(2), 155-164. doi: 10.5455/pmb.20110304120542
• Besen, D. B., & Esen, A. (2012). Acceptance of illness and related factors in Turkish patients with diabetes. Social Behavior and Personality, 40(10), 1597-1609. doi: 10.2224/sbp.2012.40.10.1597
• Beyoğlu, M. M., & Kuşaslan, D. A. (2020). Examination of the relationship between health literacy, concern and anxiety in adults with diabetes mellitus or hypertension and comparison with individuals without chronic disease. Journal of Surgery Medicine, 4(6), 456-459. doi: 10.28982/josam.747645
• Brzoza, K. B., Główczyński, P., Piegza, M., Błachut, M., Sedlaczek, K., Nabrdalik, K., ... & Gorczyca, P. (2022). Acceptance of the disease and quality of life in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The European Journal of Psychiatry, 36(2), 114-119. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2021.12.001
• Can, S., Çicek, S. C., & Ankaralı, H. (2020). The effect of illnessacceptance on diabetes self-care activities in diabetic individuals. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 13(3), 2191-2200.
• Chahardah-Cherik, S., Gheibizadeh, M., Jahani, S., & Cheraghian, B. (2018). The relationship between health literacy and health promoting behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, 6 (1), 65-75.
• Döner, E., Çırpan, R., & Çürük, G. N. (2023). Relationship between illness acceptance and attitudes towards disease and health in patients with diabetic foot. Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty, 39(1), 81-91. doi: 10.53490/ egehemsire.1107113
• Felton, B. J., & Revenson, T. A. (1984). Coping with chronic illness: A study of ıllness controllability and the influence of coping strategies on psychological adjustment. Journal of Consulting Clinical Psychology, 52(3), 343-353. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.52.3.343
• Gerçek, A., & Karakurt, P. (2024). The examination of type 2 diabetes patients’ acceptance of disease and self-care situations. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 17(1), 438-449.
• International Diabetes Federation (IDF). (2021). IDF Diabetes Atlas. Retrieved Date: 20.04.2022. Retrieved From: https://diabetesatlas.org/idfawp/resource-files/2021/07/IDF_Atlas_10th_Edition_2021.pdf
• Jafari, A., Moshki, M., Ghelichi-Ghojogh, M., & Nejatian, M. (2024). Role of diabetes health literacy, psychological status, self-care behaviors, and life satisfaction in predicting quality of life in type 2 diabetes. Scientific Reports, 14, 1635. doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-51245-x
• Lee, S. K., Shin, D. H., Kim, Y. H., & Lee, K. S. (2019). Effect of diabetes education through pattern management on self-care and self-efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(18):3323. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16183323
• Mancuso, J. M. (2009). Assessment and measurement of health literacy: An integrative review of the literature. Nursing & Health Sciences, 11(1), 77-89. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2018.2008.00408.x
• Maneze, D., Everett, B., Astorga, C., Yogendran, D., & Salamonson, Y. (2016). The influence of health literacy and depression on diabetes self-management: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2016(1), 3458969. doi: 10.1155/2016/3458969
• Marciano, L., Camerini, A. L., & Schulz, P.J. (2019). The role of health literacy in diabetes knowledge, self-care, and glycemic control: A meta-analysis. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 34, 1007–1017. doi.org/10.1007/ s11606-019-04832-y.
• Özden, G., & Sarıtaş, S. Ç. (2021). The effect of acceptance of illness on the comfort level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Medicine Science, 10(4), 1189-1195. doi: 10.5455/medscience.2021.02.051
• Özkaptan, B. B., Kapucu, S., & Demirci, İ. (2019). Relationship between adherence to treatment and acceptance of illness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cukurova Medical Journal, 44, 447-54. doi:10.17826/cumj.554402
• Özonuk, E., & Yılmaz, M. (2019). Relationship between health literacy and compliance with the treatment among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing, 16(2), 96-103. doi: 10.5222/KUHEAD.2019.096
• Powers, M. A., Bardsley, J., Cypress, M., Duker, P., Funnell, M. M., Fischl, ..., & Vivian, E. (2017). Diabetes self-management education and support in type 2 diabetes: A joint position statement of the American diabetes association, the American association of diabetes educators, and the academy of nutrition and dietetics. The Diabetes Educator, 43(1), 40-53. doi: 10.1177/0145721716689694
• Qiu, C., Zhang, X., Zang, X., & Zhao, Y. (2020). Acceptance of illness mediate the effects of health literacy on self-management behavior. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 19 (5), 411-420. doi.org/10.1177/1474515119885240
• Rashidi, M., & Yıldırım, G. (2024). Factors affecting disease acceptance and disease acceptance of individuals with diabetes. Istanbul Gelisim University Journal of Health Sciences, (22), 112-124. doi: 10.38079/igusabder.1408249
• Rogon, I., Kasprzak, Z., & Szczesniak, L. (2017). Perceived quality of life and acceptance of illness in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Przeglad Menopauzalny, 16(3), 79-85. doi: 10.5114/pm.2017.70583
• Shayan, N. A., Özcebe, H., & Arici, M. (2018). Health literacy and quality of life of diabetic and non-diabetic end stage renal disease patients. Balkan Cities Association of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation and Artificial Organs Journal, 17(2), 74-79.
• Sorensen, K., Pelikan, J. M., Röthlin, F., Ganahl, K., Slonska, Z., Doyle, G., …, & Brand, H. (2013). Health literacy in Europe: comparative results of the European health literacy survey (HLS-EU). European Journal of Public Health, 25(6), 1053-1058. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv043
• Şahin, S., & Cingil, D. (2020). Evaluation of the relationship among foot wound risk, foot self-care behaviors, and illness acceptance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Primary Care Diabetes, 14(5), 469-475. doi: 10.1016/J. PCD.2020.02.005
• Şireci, E., & Karabulutlu, E. (2017). Diabetes mellitus type 2 patients’ acceptance of illness and determination of self-efficacy levels for their care. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(1), 48-55.
• Turen, S., Yilmaz, R. A., & Gundogdu, S. (2021). The relationship with acceptance of illness and medication adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 14(3), 1824-1832.
• Wittink, H., & Oosterhaven, J. (2018). Patient education and health literacy. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 38, 120-127. doi: 10.1016/j.msksp.2018.06.004
• Yılmaz, F., Şahin, D., & Türesin, A. (2019). Relationship with glycemic control and acceptance of illness in type 2 diabetic individuals. Cukurova Medical Journal, 44(2), 1284-1291. doi: 10.17826/cumj.528315